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The Étard reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the direct oxidation of an aromatic or heterocyclic bound methyl group to an aldehyde using chromyl chloride.¹²³ It is named for the French chemist Alexandre Léon Étard (5 January 1852, Alençon – 1 May 1910). For example, toluene can be oxidised to benzaldehyde:

Other oxidation reagents like potassium permanganate or potassium dichromate oxidize to the more stable carboxylic acids.

References

1. ^ Étard, A. (1880). "Sur la synthèse des aldéhydes aromatiques; essence de cumin" (^{dead link} – ^{Scholar search}). Compt. Rend. 90: 534. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k3047v/f532.table. 
2. ^ Étard, A. (1881). "Recherches sur le rôle oxydant de l'acide chlorochromique" (^{dead link} – ^{Scholar search}). Ann. Chim. Phys. 22: 218–286. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k348629/f217.table. 
3. ^ Hartford, W. H.; Darrin, M. (1958). "The Chemistry Of Chromyl Compounds". Chem. Rev. 58: 1–61. doi:10.1021/cr50019a001. 

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