This MedLibrary.org supplementary page on Agouti-related peptide is provided directly from the open source Wikipedia as a service to our readers. Please see the note below on authorship of this content, as well as the Wikipedia usage guidelines. To search for other content from our encyclopedia supplement, please use the form below:
Related Sponsors
 |
||
| Agouti protein | ||
|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | ||
| Symbol | Agouti | |
| Pfam | PF05039 | |
| InterPro | IPR007733 | |
| PROSITE | PDOC60024 | |
| SCOP | 1hyk | |
| OPM protein | 1mr0 | |
| Available PDB structures: | ||
|
agouti related protein homolog (mouse)
|
|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | AGRP |
| Entrez | 181 |
| HUGO | 330 |
| OMIM | 602311 |
| RefSeq | NM_007316 |
| UniProt | O00253 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 16 q22 |
Agouti-related protein also called Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) is a neuropeptide produced in the brain (in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus) by the AgRP/NPY neuron that increases appetite and decreases metabolism and energy expenditure. It is one of the most potent and long-lasting of appetite stimulators. Understanding the role AgRP plays in weight gain may assist in developing pharmaceutical models for treating obesity. It was identified independently by two teams based on sequence similarity with Agouti signalling peptide, a protein synthetized in the skin that controls coat color.[1][2]
The appetite stimulating effects of AgRP are inhibited by the hormone leptin. Adipocytes secrete leptin in response to food intake. This hormone acts in the arcuate nucleus and inhibits the AgRP/NPY neuron from releasing orexigenic peptides.[3]
AGRP has been demonstrated to be an inverse agonist of melanocortin receptors, specifically, MC3-R and MC4-R. This inverse agonism not only antagonizes the action of melanocortin agonists, such as alpha-MSH but also further decreases the cAMP produced by the affected cells. AgRP levels have been found to be elevated in obese males.[4]
Contents |
Human proteins containing this domain
See also
References
- ^ Shutter, J. R.; Graham, M.; Kinsey, A. C.; Scully, S.; Luthy, R. and Stark K. L. Hypothalamic expression of ART, a novel gene related to agouti, is up- regulated in obese and diabetic mutant mice. Genes Dev 11 (5):593-602, 1997. Entrez PubMed 9119224.
- ^ Ollmann, M. M.; Wilson, B. D.; Yang, Y.-K.; Kerns, J. A.; Chen, Y.; Gantz, I.; Barsh, G. S. : Antagonism of central melanocortin receptors in vitro and in vivo by agouti-related protein. Science 278: 135-138, 1997. Entrez PubMed 9311920
- ^ Enriori PJ, Evans AE, Sinnayah P, Jobst EE, Tonelli-Lemos L, Billes SK, Glavas MM, Grayson BE, Perello M, Nillni EA, Grove KL, Cowley MA. Cell Metab. 2007 Mar 7;5(3):181-194.
- ^ Katsuki, A.; Sumida, Y.; Gabazza, E. C.; Murashima, S.; Tanaka, T.; Furuta, M.; Araki-Sasaki, R.; Hori, Y.; Nakatani, K.; Yano, Y.; Adachi, Y. : Plasma levels of agouti-related protein are increased in obese men. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 86: 1921-1924, 2001.
External links
- Agouti domain in PROSITE
- http://www.phoenixpeptide.com/allobesity/Catalog%20Files/AGRP%20Section/AGRPNEW.htm
- MeSH agouti-related+protein
 |
This neuroscience article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 3 August 2008, at 03:44.
Wikipedia Authorship and Review
Wikipedia content provided here is not reviewed directly by MedLibrary.org. Wikipedia content is authored by an open community of volunteers and is not produced by or in any way affiliated with MedLibrary.org.
Wikipedia Usage Guidelines
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article on "Agouti-related peptide".
The URL for this specific entry is:
All Wikipedia text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details). Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.