Alfentanil

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Alfentanil
Systematic (IUPAC) name
N-[1-[2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-1,4-dihydrotetrazol-1-yl)ethyl]- 4-(methoxymethyl)-4-piperidyl]-N-phenyl-propanamide
Identifiers
CAS number	71195-58-9
ATC code	N01AH02
PubChem	51263
DrugBank	APRD00726
Chemical data
Formula	C₂₁H₃₂N₆O₃
Mol. mass	416.517 g/mol
SMILES	eMolecules & PubChem
Physical data
Melt. point	140.8 °C (285 °F)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	100%
Protein binding	92%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Half life	90–111 minutes
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status	Class A(UK) Schedule II(US)
Routes	Intravenous

Alfentanil (trade name Alfenta) is a potent but short-acting synthetic opioid analgesic drug, used for anaesthesia in surgery. It is an analogue of fentanyl with around 1/4 the potency of fentanyl and around 1/3 of the duration of action, but with an onset of effects 4x faster than fentanyl.^[1] It is an OP3 mu-agonist.

While alfentanil tends to cause less cardiovascular complications than other similar drugs such as fentanyl and remifentanil it tends to give stronger respiratory depression and so requires careful monitoring of breathing and vital signs. Alfentanil is administered by the parenteral (injected) route for fast onset of effects and precise control of dosage.

Alfentanil is a restricted drug which is classified as Schedule II in the USA, according to the U.S. DEA website.^[2]

Alfentanil was discovered at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1976.

References

External links

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v • d • e

Analgesic products (N02A, N02B)

Opioids
See also: Opioids template

Opium & alkaloids thereof	Codeine · Morphine · Opium · Laudanum · Paregoric

Semi-synthetic opium derivatives	Acetyldihydrocodeine · Benzylmorphine · Desomorphine · Dihydrocodeine · Dihydromorphine · Ethylmorphine · Diamorphine · Hydrocodone · Hydromorphinol · Hydromorphone · Nicocodeine · Nicodicodeine · Nicomorphine · Oxycodone · Oxymorphone · Thebacon

Synthetic opioids	Alphaprodine · Anileridine · Buprenorphine · Butorphanol · Dextromoramide · Dextropropoxyphene · Dezocine · Fentanyl · Ketobemidone · Levorphanol · Methadone · Meptazinol · Nalbuphine · Pentazocine · Propoxyphene · Propiram · Pethidine · Phenazocine · Piminodine · Piritramide · Tapentadol · Tilidine · Tramadol

Pyrazolones

Ampyrone/Aminophenazone · Metamizole · Phenazone

Cannabinoids

Ajulemic acid · AM404 · Cannabidiol · Cannabis · Nabilone · Tetrahydrocannabinol

Anilides

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) · Phenacetin · Propacetamol

Non-ateroidal
anti-inflammatories
See also: NSAIDs template

Propionic acid class	Fenoprofen · Flurbiprofen · Ibuprofen · Ketoprofen · Naproxen · Oxaprozin

Oxicam class	Meloxicam · Piroxicam

Acetic acid class	Diclofenac · Indometacin · Ketorolac · Nabumetone · Sulindac · Tolmetin

COX-2 inhibitors	Celecoxib · Rofecoxib

Anthranilic acid (fenamate) class	Meclofenamate · Mefenamic acid

Salicylates	Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid) · Benorylate · Diflunisal · Ethenzamide · Magnesium salicylate · Salicin · Salicylamide · Salsalate · Trisalate

Atypical, adjunct
& miscellaneous

Bicifadine · Clonidine · Cyclobenzaprine · Duloxetine · Flupirtine · Gabapentin · Glafenine · Nefopam · Orphenadrine · Tebanicline · Trazodone · Ziconotide

v • d • e

Opioids (N02A)

Opium
derivatives

Whole Opium
Preparations

Diascordium • Dover's powder • Granulated Opium • Laudanum • Mithridate • Opium • Paregoric • Poppy Straw Concentrate • Poppy tea • Powdered Opium • Raw Opium • Smoking Opium • Theriac

Natural Opiates

Opium Alkaloids see also: Components of Opium	16-Hydroxythebaine • Allocryptopine • Berberine • Bulbocapnine • Canadine • Codamine • Codeine • Coptisine • Coreximine • Corytuberine • Cotarnine • Cryptopine • Cycloartenol • Cycloartenone • Cyclolaudenol • Dehydroreticuline • Dihydrosanguinarine • Eupaverine • Glaucine • Hydrocotarnine • Isoboldine • Isocorypalmine • Laudanidine • Laudanine • Laudanosine • Magnoflorine • Morphine • Narceine • Narceinone • Narcotoline • Neopine • Norlaudanosoline • Norsanguinarine • Noscapine • Oripavine • Oxysanguinarine • Palaudine • Papaverine • Papaveraldine • Papaverrubine B (O-Methyl-Porphyroxine) • Papaverrubine C (Epiporphyroxine) • Papaverrubine D (Porphyroxine) • Perparin • Pseudomorphine • Reticuline • Salutaridine (Sinoacutine) • Sanguinarine • Scoulerine • Somniferine • Stepholidine • Thebaine

Alkaloid Salts Mixtures	Omnopon • Pantopon • Papaveretum • Tetrapon

Semisynthetics

Morphine Family	14-hydroxydihydromorphine (Hydromorphinol) • 2,4-Dinitrophenylmorphine • 6-Methyldihydromorphine • 6-Methylenedihydrodesoxymorphine • Apomorphine • Desomorphine • Diacetyldihydromorphine • Dihydrodesoxymorphine • Dihydroheroin • Dihydromorphine • Dipropanoylmorphine • Ethyldihydromorphine • Heroin (Diamorphine) • Heroin-7,8-Oxide • Methyldesorphine • Methyldihydromorphine • Nicomorphine • N-Phenethylnormorphine

Codeine-Dionine Family	Acetylcodeine • Benzylmorphine • Codeine • Desocodeine • Dihydroheterocodeine • Ethylmorphine (Dionine) • Heterocodeine • Isocodeine • Morpholinylethylmorphine (Pholcodine) • Myrophine • Nalodeine • Transisocodeine

Morphinones	14-Ethoxymetopon • 14-Methoxymetopon • 14-O-Methyloxymorphone • 14-Phenylpropoxymetopon • 14-Hydroxydihydromorphinone (Oxymorphone) • 7-Spiroindanyloxymorphone • 8,14-Dihydroxydihydromorphinone • Acetylmorphone • Ethyldihydromorphinone • Hydromorphinol • Hydromorphinone • Hydromorphone • Hydroxycodeine • Methyldihydromorphinone • Metopon • Morphinol • Morphinone • N-Phenethyl-14-ethoxymetopon • Oxymorphone • Pentamorphone • Semorphone

Codeinones	1-carboxy-14-hydroxydihydrocodeinone • 1-carbethoxy-14-hydroxydihydrocodeinone • 14-Hydroxydihydrocodeinone (Oxycodone) • Acetyldihydrocodeinone • Codeinone • Codorphone • Codoxime • Dihydrocodeinone enol acetate • Dihydrohydroxycodeinone • Hydrocodone • Oxycodone • Thebacon

Dihydrocodeine Series	14-hydroxydihydrocodeine • Acetyldihydrocodeine • Dihydrocodeine • Dihydrodesoxycodeine/Desocodeine • Dihydroisocodeine • Nicocodeine • Nicodicodeine

Nitrogen Morphine Derivatives	Codeine-N-Oxide • Heroin-N-Oxide • Hydromorphone-N-Oxide • Morphine-N-Oxide

Others	α-chlorocodide • Azidomorphine • Chloromorphide • Hydromorphazone • Morphazone • Oxymorphazone • Pholcodine

Active Opiate
Metabolites

Codeine-N-Oxide (Genocodeine) • Hydromorphone-N-Oxide • Heroin-7,8-Oxide • Morphine-3-glucuronide • Morphine-6-glucuronide • Monoacetylmorphine • Morphine-N-Oxide (Genomorphine) • Naltrexol • Norcodeine • Normorphine

Morphinans

Morphinan Series	4-chlorophenylpyridomorphinan • Cyclorphan • Dextro-3-hydroxy-N-allylmorphinan • Dextromethorphan • Dextrorphan • Dimemorfan • Levargorphan • Levallorphan • Levorphanol • Levorphan • Levophenacylmorphan • Levomethorphan • Norlevorphanol • N-Methylmorphinan • Oxilorphan • Phenomorphan • Racemethorphan • Racemorphan • Stephodeline • Xorphanol

Others	1-Nitroaknadinine • 14-episinomenine • 5,6-Dihydronorsalutaridine • 6-Ketonalbuphine • Aknadinine • Butorphanol • Cephakicine • Cephasamine • Cyprodime • Drotebanol • Fenfangjine G • Nalbuphine • Sinococuline • Sinomenine (Cocculine) • Tannagine

Benzomorphans

5,9-DEHB • Allylnormetazocine • Anazocine • Bremazocine • Cogazocine • Cyclazocine • Dezocine • Eptazocine • Etazocine • Ethylketocyclazocine • Fluorophen • Ketazocine • Metazocine • Pentazocine • Phenazocine • Quadazocine • Thiazocine

4-Phenylpiperidines

Pethidines (Meperidines)	Allylnorpethidine • Anileridine • Benzethidine • Carperidine • Difenoxin • Diphenoxylate • Etoxeridine (Carbetidine) • Furethidine • Hydroxypethidine (Bemidone) • Hydroxymethoxypethidine • Morpheridine • Oxpheneridine (Carbamethidine) • Meperidine-N-Oxide • Pethidine (Meperidine) • Pethidine Intermediate A • Pethidine Intermediate B (Norpethidine) • Pethidine Intermediate C (Pethidinic Acid) • Pheneridine • Phenoperidine • Piminodine • Properidine (Ipropethidine) • Sameridine

Prodines	Allylprodine • α-meprodine • α-prodine • β-meprodine • β-prodine • Isopromedol • Meprodine • MPPP • PEPAP • Prodine • Prosidol • Trimeperidine (Promedol)

Ketobemidones	Acetoxyketobemidone • Droxypropine • Ketobemidone • Methylketobemidone • Propylketobemidone

Others	Alvimopan • Loperamide • Picenadol

Open Chain
Opioids

Amidones	Dextromethadone • Dextroisomethadone • Dipipanone • Hexalgon (Norpipanone) • Isomethadone • Levoisomethadone • Levomethadone • Methadone • Methadone intermediate • Normethadone • Norpipanone • Phenadoxone (Heptazone) • Pipidone

Methadols	Acetylmethadol • α-methadol • α-acetylmethadol • β-methadol • β-acetylmethadol • Dimepheptanol (Racemethadol) • Levo-α-acetylmethadol • Noracymethadol

Moramides	Dextromoramide • Levomoramide • Moramide intermediate • Racemoramide

Thiambutenes	Diethylthiambutene • Dimethylthiambutene • Ethylmethylthiambutene • Piperidylthiambutene • Pyrrolidinylthiambutene • Thiambutene • Tipepidine

Phenalkoxams	Dextropropoxyphene • Dimenoxadol • Dioxaphetyl Butyrate • Levopropoxyphene • Propoxyphene

Ampromides	Diampromide • Phenampromide • Propiram

Others	IC-26 • Isoaminile • Lefetamine • R-4066

Anilidopiperidines

3-Allylfentanyl • 3-Methylfentanyl • 3-Methylthiofentanyl • Alfentanil • α-methylacetylfentanyl • α-methylfentanyl • α-methylthiofentanyl • Benzylfentanyl • β-hydroxyfentanyl • β-hydroxythiofentanyl • β-methylfentanyl • Brifentanil • Carfentanil • Fentanyl • Lofentanil • Mirfentanil • Ohmefentanyl • Parafluorofentanyl • Phenaridine • Remifentanil • Sufentanil • Thenylfentanyl • Thiofentanyl • Trefentanil

Oripavine
derivatives

7-PET • Acetorphine • Alletorphine • BU-48 • Buprenorphine • Butorphine • Cyprenorphine • Dihydroetorphine • Diprenorphine (M5050) • Etorphine • N-cyclopropylmethyl-noretorphine • Nepenthone • Norbuprenorphine • Thevinone • Thienorphine

Phenazepines

Ethoheptazine • Meptazinol • Metheptazine • Metethoheptazine • Proheptazine

Pirinitramides

Bezitramide • Piritramide

Benzimidazoles

Clonitazene • Etonitazene • Nitazine

Indoles

7-Acetoxymitragynine • 7-Hydroxymitragynine • Akuammidine • Akuammine • Eseroline • Hodgkinsine • Ibogaine • Mitragynine • Pericine • ψ-Akuammigine

Diphenylmethylpiperazines

BW373U86 • DPI-221 • DPI-287 • DPI-3290 • SNC-80

Opioid Peptides

Casomorphin • DADLE • DALDA • DAMGO • Dermenkephalin • Dermorphin • Deltorphin • DPDPE • Dynorphin • Endomorphin • Endorphin • Enkephalin • Gliadorphin • Morphiceptin • Nociceptin • Octreotide • Opiorphin • Rubiscolin • TRIMU 5

Others

4-(p-Bromophenyl)-4-(dimethylamino)-1-phenethylcyclohexanol • Azaprocin • Bisnortilidine • C-8813 • Ciramadol • Cyclohexyloxy-α-phenethylamine • Enadoline • Faxeladol • Herkinorin • JTC-801 • Methopholine • NNC 63-0532 • Nortilidine • O-Desmethyltramadol • Prodilidine • Salvinorin A • SC-17599 • RWJ-394,674 • Tapentadol • Tifluadom • Tilidine • Tramadol • Viminol • W-18 • Zipeprol

Opioid Antagonists

5'-Guanidinonaltrindole • β-Funaltrexamine • 6β-Naltrexol • Alvimopan • Amiphenazole • Binaltorphimine • Clocinnamox • Cyclazocine • Cyprodime • Diprenorphine (M5050) • Fedotozine • Levallorphan • Methocinnamox • Methylnaltrexone • Nalfurafine • Nalmefene • Nalmexone • Naloxazone • Naloxonazine • Naloxone • Naloxone benzoylhydrazone • Nalorphine • Naltrexone • Naltrindole • Norbinaltorphimine • Oxilorphan • S-allyl-3-hydroxy-17-thioniamorphinan (SAHTM)

v • d • e

Anesthetic: General anesthetics (N01A)

Inhalation

Ethers	Diethyl ether, Methoxypropane, Vinyl ether, halogenated ethers (Desflurane, Enflurane, Isoflurane, Methoxyflurane, Sevoflurane)

Haloalkanes	Chloroform, Halothane, Trichloroethylene

Other	Nitrous oxide, Xenon, Cyclopropane

Injection

Barbiturates	Hexobarbital, Methohexital, Narcobarbital, Thiopental

Opioids	Alfentanil, Anileridine, Fentanyl, Phenoperidine, Remifentanil, Sufentanil

Steroid	Alfaxalone, Minaxolone

Others	Droperidol, Ethylene, Etomidate, Fospropofol, gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, Ketamine/Esketamine, Propanidid, Propofol

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