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Arbeitslager is a German language word which means Labor camp.
During World War II the Nazis operated several categories of Arbeitslager for different categories of inmates. The largest number of them held civilians forcibly abducted in the occupied countries (see Łapanka) to provide labour in the German war industry, repair bombed railroads and bridges or work on farms.
The Nazis also operated concentration camps, some of which provided free forced labor for industrial and other jobs while others existed purely for the extermination of their inmates. A notable example is Mittelbau-Dora labor camp complex that serviced the production of the V-2 rocket. See List of German concentration camps for more.
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Arbeitskommandos
Arbeitskommandos, officially called Kriegsgefangenenarbeitskommando were sub-camps under Prisoner-of-war camps for holding prisoners of war of lower ranks (below sergeant), who were working in industries and on farms. This was permitted under the Third Geneva Convention provided they were accorded proper treatment. They were not allowed to work in industries manufacturing war materials, but this restriction was frequently ignored by the Germans. They were always under the administration of the parent prisoner-of-war camp, which maintained records, distributed International Red Cross packages and provided at least minimal medical care in the event of the prisoner's sickness or injury. The number of prisoners in an Arbeitskommando was usually between 100 and 300.
One should differentiate these from sub-camps of Nazi concentration camps operated by the SS, which were also called Arbeitskommando. Because of the two different types there is some confusion in the literature, with the result of occasional reports of prisoners-of-war being held in concentration camps. In some cases the two types were physically adjacent, when both POWs and KZ-inmates were working at a large facility such as a coal mine or chemical plant1. They were always kept apart from each other.
References
See also
- Labor camp
- Forced labor in Germany during World War II
- Stalag
- IG Farben
- Stalag VIII-B
- Stalag IX-B - see Labor Camp Berga
External links
- Forced Laborers in the "Third Reich" - By Ulrich Herbert
- | Arbeitskommando 10001 in Ruckenwaldau (now Wierzbowa, Poland - Lower Silesia) - in Polish
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 26 October 2008, at 20:46.
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