The axiom of constructibility is a possible axiom for set theory in mathematics that asserts that every set is constructible. The axiom is usually written as "V = L", where V and L denote the von Neumann universe and the constructible universe, respectively.
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Implications
The axiom of constructibility settles many natural mathematical questions independent of ZFC, the standard axiomatization of set theory.
The axiom of constructibility implies the generalized continuum hypothesis, the axiom of choice, the negation of Suslin's hypothesis, and the existence of a simple (
) non-measurable set of real numbers.
The axiom of constructibility implies the non-existence of those large cardinals with consistency strength greater or equal to 0#, which includes some "relatively small" large cardinals. Thus, no cardinal can be ω1-Erdős in L. While L does contain the initial ordinals of those large cardinals (when they exist in a supermodel of L), and they are still initial ordinals in L, it excludes the auxiliary structures (e.g. measures) which endow those cardinals with their large cardinal properties.
Although the axiom of constructibility does resolve question such as these, it is not typically accepted as an axiom for set theory in the same way the ZFC axioms are. Among set theorists of a realist bent, who believe that the axiom of constructibility is either true or false, most believe that it is false. This is in part because it seems unnecessarily "restrictive", as it allows only certain subsets of a given set, with no clear reason to believe that these are all of them. In part it is because the axiom is contradicted by sufficiently strong large cardinal axioms. This point of view is especially associated with the Cabal, or the "California school" as Saharon Shelah would have it.
See also
References
- Devlin, Keith (1984). Constructibility. Springer. ISBN 3-540-13258-9.
External links
- How many real numbers are there?, Keith Devlin, MAA Online, June 2001
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