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Bagong Alyansang Makabayan (Filipino: New Patriotic Alliance) or BAYAN is a leftist political coalition in the Philippines, started in May 1985 during the Ferdinand Marcos dictatorship. It brought together more than a thousand grassroots and progressive organizations, representing over a million people.

The nickname BAYAN was picked since it stands for nation or community in Filipino.

History

BAYAN was a participant in the mainly non-violent revolution against the Marcos dictatorship, contributing to one of the first of the non-violent, popular revolutions of the 1980s. Since 1998, Bayan Muna, the political party of the organization, has been the leading party-list member in the House of Representatives of the Philippines.

BAYAN is associated with political parties Anakpawis, Bayan Muna, and GABRIELA. They currently have a combined total of six in the representatives 13th Congress of the Philippines: Crispin Beltran, Rafael V. Mariano, Satur Ocampo, Teodoro Casiño, Joel Virador, and Liza Maza.

After the 2007 elections, and the death of Anakpawis representative Crispin Beltran, BAYAN now has five combined representatives in the 14th Congress of the Philippines, Satur Ocampo and Teodoro Casiño of Bayan Muna, Rafael V. Mariano of AnakPawis, and Liza Maza and Luzviminda Ilagan of GABRIELA.

Political structure

Philippines
This article is part of the series: Politics and government of the Philippines
Government
Political history · Constitution
Executive
President (list) Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo 2001 – 2010 Vice President (list) Noli de Castro 2004 – 2010 Executive Departments (list)
Legislative 14th Congress 2007 – 2010 Senate House President Juan Ponce Enrile Speaker Prospero Nograles
Judiciary
Supreme Court Chief Justice Reynato Puno Court of Appeals · Sandiganbayan Court of Tax Appeals · Ombudsman
Elections
Commission on Elections Chairman: Jose Melo Elections: 2010 | 2004 | 1998 | 1992 | 1986 | All Referenda: 1987 | 1984 | 1981
Political parties Lakas-CMD NPC Liberal Nacionalista UNO BAYAN PDP-LABAN PMP Others
Administrative divisions Capital Regions Provinces Cities Municipalities Barangays Foreign relations Government Website Human rights
Other countries · Atlas  Politics portal view • talk •

Different opinions exist as to whether the structure of BAYAN is progressive, democratic or feudal, hierarchical or non-hierarchical, and whether it is nationalist or not. Its own documentation [3] suggests that it is a centralized organization, including:

• chapters as the smallest units
• a general assembly as the theoretically highest policy-making body, but which meets only once every three years
• a national council which meets twice a year or more often if needed
• a national executive committee to implement the policies of the general assembly and national council
• five specialized commissions
• a general secretariat that runs day-to-day operations
• a national office in Quezon City in Metro Manila.

Member organizations

BAYAN is a coalition of many different organizations such as labor groups like the Kilusang Mayo Uno, peasant organizations such as Kilusang Magbubukid ng Pilipinas, youth organizations such as the League of Filipino Students and Anakbayan, religious organizations such as the Student Christian Movement - Philippines, the Ecumenical Movement for Justice and Peace and Promotion of Church People's Response (PCPR), feminist organizations such as GABRIELA, Kilusan ng Manggawang Kababaihan (Women Workers' Movement), SAMAKANA (Association of United and Free Women) and AMIHAN (National Federation of Peasant Women), Health Workers' organizations such as the Health Alliance for Democracy (HEAD), educational/scientific organizations such as the Alliance of Concerned Teachers and Scientists, Technologists, Engineers for the People (STEP), fisherfolk such as Pambansang Lakas ng Kilusang Mamamalakaya ng Pilipinas (PAMALAKAYA - National Federation of Fisherfolk Organizations), cultural organizations such as BUGKOS, and indigenous people's organizations such as Kalipunan ng mga Katutubong Mamamayan ng Pilipinas (KAMP - National Federation Of Indigenous Peoples' Organizations), MIGRANTE -Alliance of Filipino Migrants Organizations.

In a resolution past during the BAYAN 7th Congress in August 2004, the coalition would expand to include overseas Filipino organizations as official members of BAYAN. In January 2005, the first BAYAN USA assembly was held in San Francisco. As the first overseas BAYAN chapter, BAYAN USA directly coordinated the implementation of BAYAN campaigns to BAYAN member organizations in the United States. These organizations include the NY Committee for Human Rights in the Philippines, League of Filipino Students in San Francisco State University, Anakbayan (New York/New Jersey, Los Angeles, San Diego, Honolulu, East Bay and Seattle), the Critical Filipino/Filipina Studies Collective, Habi Ng Kalinangan, babaeSF (San Francisco), Pinay Sa Seattle, and Filipinas for Rights and Empowerment (FiRE).

Current issues

On August 7, 2002, the secretary-general of BAYAN, Teodoro A. Casiño, claimed that under the Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo presidency, soldiers murdered at least 13 BAYAN and BAYAN Muna members. ¹

Claims such as these are consistent with reports from Amnesty International. For example, on April 22, 2003, Amnesty International claimed that as part of the government's anti-insurgency campaign against the New Peoples' Army (NPA), there were systematic human rights violations such as disappearances, torture, extrajudicial executions and arbitrary arrests carried out by national security forces and paramilitary groups known as militias. According to the reports, both civilians and members of legally recognised organizations considered to be related to the NPA are at risk, especially in provinces such as Oriental Mindoro. ²

References

1. ^ [1]
2. ^ Philippines: "Disappearance"/fear for safety. | Amnesty International

External links

• BAYAN website
• BAYAN Muna (political party) website
• BAYAN USA website
• KMU slaps call center industry as “hub for exploitation” by Philippine Daily Inquirer, April 1, 2006
• http://www.manilastandardtoday.com/?page=regions05_sept20_2006
• http://newsinfo.inq7.net/breakingnews/metroregions/view_article.php?article_id=22661
• human rights violations report

Wikipedia content modification information:

• This page was last modified on 18 October 2008, at 07:16.

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