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Barychelus |
The Brushed trapdoor spiders (family Barychelidae) are a spider family with about 300 species in 44 genera1. This family is the only family in superfamily Barycheloidea.
Most spiders in this family build trap-door burrows. There are some species that avoid flooding by plugging their nests. Others can avoid drowning by trapping air bubbles within the hairs covering their bodies. Members of this group have a digging rake on the front surface of their chelicerae.2
The about 10 mm long Idioctis builds its about 5 cm deep burrow just below tide level, and seals it with a thin trapdoor. The about 20 mm long Sipalolasma builds its burrow in rotted wood, with a hinged trapdoor at each end of the of burrow.3
Like the Theraphosidae (tarantulas), they can run up glass. Some species can stridulate.
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Distribution
Barychelids are found in South America, Africa, Madagascar, India, New Guinea, and Pacific islands1.
Systematics
The classification into subfamilies follows Joel Hallan[1].
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- Atrophothele Pocock, 1903 — Socotra
- Barycheloides Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
- Barychelus Simon, 1889 — New Caledonia
- Cyphonisia Simon, 1889 — Africa
- Cyrtogrammomma Pocock, 1895 — Guyana
- Diplothele O. P-Cambridge, 1890 — India
- Encyocrypta Simon, 1889 — New Caledonia
- Idioctis L. Koch, 1874 — Madagascar, Oceania, Australia, Seychelles
- Idiommata Ausserer, 1871 — Australia
- Idiophthalma O. P.-Cambridge, 1877 — South America
- Mandjelia Raven, 1994 — Australia
- Monodontium Kulczynski, 1908 — New Guinea
- Moruga Raven, 1994 — Australia
- Nihoa Raven & Churchill, 1992 — Oceania
- Ozicrypta Raven, 1994 — Australia
- Pisenor Simon, 1889 — Africa
- Plagiobothrus Karsch, 1891 — Sri Lanka
- Rhianodes Raven, 1985 — Southeast Asia
- Strophaeus Ausserer, 1875 — Peru, Brazil
- Synothele Simon, 1908 — Australia
- Tigidia Simon, 1892 — Madagascar, Mauritius
- Trittame L. Koch, 1874 — Australia
- Zophoryctes Simon, 1902 — Madagascar
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- Cosmopelma Simon, 1889 — Brazil, Venezuela
- Neodiplothele Mello-Leitão, 1917 — Brazil
- Paracenobiopelma Feio, 1952 — Brazil
- Sason Simon, 1887 — Australasia
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- Psalistops Simon, 1889 — Central to South America
- Trichopelma Simon, 1888 — Caribic, South America
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- Ammonius Thorell, 1899 — Cameroon
- Aurecocrypta Raven, 1994 — Australia
- Eubrachycercus Pocock, 1897 — Somalia
- Fijocrypta Raven, 1994 — Fiji
- Natgeogia Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
- Orstom Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
- Questocrypta Raven, 1994 — New Caledonia
- Reichlingia Rudloff, 2001 — Belize
- Sasonichus Pocock, 1900 — India
- Seqocrypta Raven, 1994 — Australia
- Sipalolasma Simon, 1892 — Southeast Asia, Africa
- Thalerommata Ausserer, 1875 — Colombia, Mexico
- Troglothele Fage, 1929 — Cuba
- Tungari Raven, 1994 — Australia
- Zophorame Raven, 1990 — Australia
See also
Footnotes
References
- Raven, R.J. (1986): A revision of the spider genus Sason Simon (Sasoninae, Barychelidae, Mygalomorphae) and its historical biogeography. Journal of Arachnology 14: 47-70. PDF
- Valerio, C.E. (1986): Mygalomorph spiders in the Barychelidae (Araneae) from Costa Rica. J. Arachnol. 14: 93-99. PDF (Psalistops venadensis, Trichopelma laselva)
- Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
- Schwendinger, P.J. (2003): Two new species of the arboreal trapdoor spider genus Sason (Araneae, Barychelidae) from Southeast Asia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51(2): 197-207. PDF (S. sundaicum, S. andamanicum)
- Platnick, Norman I. (2008): The world spider catalog, version 8.5. American Museum of Natural History.
External links
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- This page was last modified on 20 August 2008, at 20:56.
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