Brimonidine

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Brimonidine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
5-Bromo-N-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl) quinoxalin-6-amine
Identifiers
CAS number 59803-98-4
ATC code S01EA05
PubChem 2435
DrugBank APRD00034
Chemical data
Formula C11H10BrN5 
Mol. mass 292.135 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Metabolism liver primarily
Half life 3 hours
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

B
Legal status

unknown
Routes Ocular, 1 gtt

Brimonidine (bri-MOE-ni-deen, brand names Alphagan and Alphagan-P) is a drug used to treat open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Alphagan is also used to induce miosis for people suffering from poor night vision after Lasik or PRK surgery.

It acts via decreasing synthesis of aqueous humor, and increasing the amount that drains from the eye. As a treatment for glaucoma, it is usually given in eyedrop form.

Brimonidine is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist.

Alpha 2 agonists, through the activation of the Gi GPCR, inhibit the production of AC. This reduces cAMP and hence Aqueous Humour production by the ciliary body.

Clinical uses

Brimonidine is indicated for the lowering of intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

External links

References

  • Mosby's Drug Guide for Nurses (7th edition; Skidmore) 2007.
v • d • e
Adrenergic agonists (models/most important in CAPS)
α
β
Nonselective β
α and β
Epinephrine (α1+2, β1+2) - Norepinephrine (α1+2, β1) - Cirazoline - Etilefrine
Indirect/
mixed
Indirect (presynaptic norepinephrine release): Amphetamine - Tyramine

Mixed: Ephedrine - Pseudoephedrine

Cocaine
v • d • e
Ophthalmologicals: antiglaucoma preparations and miotics (S01E)
Sympathomimetics
Apraclonidine • Brimonidine • Clonidine • Dipivefrine • Epinephrine
Parasympathomimetics
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Beta blocking agents
Prostaglandin analogues
Other agents

Wikipedia content modification information:

  • This page was last modified on 19 July 2008, at 21:05.

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