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A casserole, from the French for "saucepan,"1 is a large, deep pot or dish used both in the oven and as a serving dish. The word casserole is also used for the food cooked and served in such a dish. Casseroles originate from the ancient practice of stewing meat slowly in earthenware containers. Types of casserole include ragout, hotpot, cassoulet and carbonnade. A distinction may be made between casseroles and stews: stewing is a cooking process whereby heat is applied to the bottom of the cooking vessel (typically over a fire or on a hob), whereas casseroling is done in an oven where heat circulates all round the cooking vessel. Braising is similar to casseroling except that the pieces of meat or vegetable are larger and cooked in a smaller quantity of liquid. Casseroles tend to be thicker than soup. However the choice of name is largely a matter of custom; it is possible for the same dish to be described as soup, stew, and casserole.
Early 18th century casserole recipes consisted of rice that was pounded, pressed, and used as a fillingcitation needed. Casseroles are cooked in Europe and Canada and the United States, and are found in other forms in many other cultures around the world. The culinary term en casserole (also from French) means 'served in the vessel used for cooking'.
Casseroles usually consist of one or two meats or vegetables as the main ingredients. Liquid in the form of stock, alcohol (in the form of wine; for example coq au vin or beef Bourguignon), beer (for example lapin à la Gueuze, gin, or cider) or vegetable juices is added. Further liquids are released from the meat and vegetables during cooking. Binders such as pasta, potato, rice or other grains are added to thicken the sauce. It is cooked slowly and may be served as a main course or a side dish.
Meat is usually precooked or browned before placed in the casserole.
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Use of term in the US and Canada
A characteristic method of preparing casserole in the United States and Canada is to use condensed soup, especially cream of mushroom soupcitation needed. Examples for casseroles that can be prepared in this manner are tuna casserole (with canned tuna, cooked noodles, sometimes peas, and cream-of-mushroom soup) and green bean casserole (green beans with cream of mushroom soup, topped with french fried onions). A similar staple food, macaroni and cheese, can also be prepared as a casserole.
Casseroles are a staple at potlucks and family gatherings.
Hotdish is a US Midwestern (and particularly Minnesotan) term for a casserole; it is one of the quintessential foods of that region. That is legacy of the Scandinavian immigrants of the area; the potato casserole Janssons frestelse and Flying Jacob being a popular dish in some Nordic countries like Sweden and Finland.
See also
References
- ^ Online Etymology Dictionary, Entry: Casserole, retrieved October 10, 2007, from Dictionary.com
External links
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 18 November 2008, at 22:02.
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