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Cyproheptadine
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 4-(5 H-dibenzo [a,d]cyclohepten-5-ylidene)- 1 -methylpiperidine hydrochloride | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | R06 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C21H21N |
| Mol. mass | 287.398 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Protein binding | 96 to 99% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic and renal |
| Half life | 1 to 4 hours |
| Excretion | Fecal and renal |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B(US) |
| Legal status |
P(UK) |
| Routes | Oral only |
Cyproheptadine (usually as cyproheptadine hydrochloride, trade name Periactin) is an antihistaminic and antiserotonergic agent. It acts as a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist and also blocks calcium channels.[1]
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Uses
Cyproheptadine is used in the treatment of allergies (specifically hay fever)[2] and is also used to stimulate appetite in underweight people (e.g. anorexia nervosa).
Cyproheptadine is used in serotonin syndrome, a complex of symptoms associated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, especially when taken in excess dose and in the disease carcinoid in which serotonin is overproduced by tumor cells.[3][4]
Cyproheptadine can also be used as a preventative measure against migraine in children and adolescents.[5][6][7][8][9]
Side effects
While not specifically used as a sedative, cyproheptadine causes sedation, likely due to its anti-histamine effects.citation needed
Digestive system: epigastric distress (dysphagia), loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, (it is noted that these side effects are much more common in people with neuromuscular disorders)citation needed
Cyproheptadine can also cause over-sleeping (10 Hours) in children and adolescents.citation needed
Research
Cyproheptadine has been shown to improve quality of sleep in sleep-deprived rats.[10]
References
- ^ The calcium antagonistic effects of cyproheptadine
- ^ MedlinePlus Drug Information: Cyproheptadine
- ^ Berry EM, Maunder C, Wilson M (January 1974). "Carcinoid myopathy and treatment with cyproheptadine (Periactin)". Gut 15 (1): 34–8. PMID 4274414. PMC:1412931.
- ^ Moertel, Charles G. (1991), "A study of cyproheptadine in the treatment of metastatic carcinoid tumor and the malignant carcinoid syndrome", Cancer 67: 33, doi:, <http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/112674381/abstract>
- ^ Wendy G Mitchell et al. (2006). "Childhood Migraine Variants".
- ^ UVA Neurogram: Treatment of Pediatric Migraine
- ^ Netdoctor: Periactin
- ^ Migraines in Children and Adolescents
- ^ Klimek A (1979). "Cyproheptadine (Peritol) in the treatment of migraine and related headache". Ther Hung 27 (2): 93–4. PMID 494146.
- ^ Tokunaga S; Takeda Y, Shinomiya K, Hirase M, Kamei C. (Feb 2007). "Effects of some H1-antagonists on the sleep-wake cycle in sleep-disturbed rats." (pdf). J Pharmacol Sci. 103 (2): 201–6. doi:. PMID 17287588.
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 1 September 2008, at 15:31.
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