Eleanor Calvert
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| Eleanor Calvert Custis Stuart | |
|---|---|
 Miniature painting of Eleanor Calvert, c1780, by an unknown artist; possibly the Irish-American painter John Ramage (1748-1802). |
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| Born | Eleanor Calvert 1757/1758 Mount Airy, Upper Marlboro, Prince George's County, Province of Maryland |
| Died | 28 September 1811 (aged 53-54) Tudor Place, Washington, D.C., United States |
| Spouse(s) | John Parke Custis Dr. David Stuart |
| Children | Elizabeth Parke Custis Law Martha Parke Custis Peter Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis George Washington Parke Custis Ann Calvert Stuart Robinson Sarah Stuart Waite Ariana Calvert Stuart William Skolto Stuart Eleanor Custis Stuart Charles Calvert Stuart Rosalie Eugenia Stuart Webster |
| Parents | Benedict Swingate Calvert Elizabeth Calvert |
Eleanor Calvert Custis Stuart (1757/1758 – September 28, 1811)[1] was a prominent member of the Calvert family of Maryland. Upon her marriage to John Parke Custis, she became the daughter-in-law of Martha Dandridge Custis Washington and the stepdaughter-in-law of George Washington. Her portrait hangs today at Mount Airy Mansion in Rosaryville State Park, Maryland.[2]
Contents |
Early life
Eleanor Calvert was born in 1758 at the Calvert family's Mount Airy plantation near Upper Marlboro in Prince George's County, Maryland.[1] Eleanor was the second eldest daughter[3] of Benedict Swingate Calvert, son of Charles Calvert, 5th Baron Baltimore, and his wife Elizabeth Calvert Butler.[1][4] She was known to her family as "Nelly."[4] As a teenager, Eleanor was an exceptionally pretty girl and well-mannered.[4]
Marriage and children
Eleanor married John Parke Custis, son of the late Daniel Parke Custis and Martha Dandridge Custis Washington (and stepson of George Washington), on February 3, 1774 at Mount Airy.[1][5] "Jacky", as he was known by his family, announced his engagement to Eleanor to his parents, who were greatly surprised by the marriage choice due to the couple's youth.[4] After their marriage, the couple settled at the White House plantation, a Custis estate on the Pamunkey River in New Kent County, Virginia.[6] After the couple had lived at the White House for more than two years, John Parke Custis purchased the Abingdon plantation in Fairfax County, Virginia (now in Arlington County, Virginia), into which the couple settled during the winter of 1778-1779.[6][7]
Eleanor and John had seven children, four of whom lived to maturity:[1][5][6]
- Elizabeth Parke Custis Law, "Eliza", (1776–1831), married Thomas Law[1][5]
- Martha Parke Custis Peter, "Patsy", (1777–1854), married Thomas Peter[1][5]
- Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis, "Nelly", (1779–1852), married Lawrence Lewis[1][5]
- George Washington Parke Custis, "Wash", (1781–1857), married Mary Lee Fitzhugh[1][5]
In 1781, John died of "camp fever" following the Siege of Yorktown.[6][7] Eleanor's two elder daughters, Elizabeth and Martha, continued to live with her at the Abingdon plantation, while her two younger children, Eleanor and Wash, moved to Mount Vernon to live with their grandmother, Martha Washington, and with Martha's husband, George Washington.[7] John died intestate, so his widow was granted a "dower third", the lifetime use of 1/3 of the Custis estate assets, including its more than 300 slaves.[8] The balance of the Custis estate was held in trust for their children and distributed as the daughters married and the son reached his majority. Eleanor's "dower third" was distributed among their children following her death.
In 1783, Eleanor married Dr. David Stuart, an Alexandria physician and a business associate of George Washington.[7][9][10] Eleanor and David had sixteen children, including:[3][11][12]
- Ann Calvert Stuart Robinson (born 1784), married William Robinson[3][11]
- Sarah Stuart Waite (born 1786), married Obed Waite[3][11]
- Ariana Calvert Stuart[3][11]
- William Skolto Stuart[3][11]
- Eleanor Custis Stuart (born 1792)[3][11]
- Charles Calvert Stuart (1794–1846), married Cornelia Lee[3][11]
- Rosalie Eugenia Stuart Webster (1796–1886), married William Greenleaf Webster[3][9][11]
Later life
In 1792, Eleanor, David and their family left Abingdon and moved to David's home at Hope Park in Fairfax County.[7] About ten years later, they moved to Ossian Hall near Annandale, also in Fairfax County.[7] Eleanor died on September 28, 1811 at age 53 at Tudor Place, the home of her daughter, Martha Parke Custis Peter, in Georgetown, District of Columbia.[1][5][13]
