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| Elisabeth of France | |
|---|---|
| Queen consort of Spain (more...) | |
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| Consort to | Philip IV |
| Issue | |
| Baltasar Carlos, Prince of the Asturias Maria Theresa, Queen of France |
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| Titles and styles | |
| HM the Queen of Spain and Portugal HRH the Princess of Asturias HRH the Princess Élisabeth of France Madame Royal |
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| Royal house | House of Bourbon |
| Father | Henri IV of France |
| Mother | Marie de' Medici |
| Born | November 22, 1602 Palace of Fontainebleau, France |
| Died | October 6, 1644, (aged 42) |
- Elisabeth of Bourbon may also refer to Princess Élisabeth of France, the sister of Louis XVI of France, who was guillotined during the French Revolution, or Isabella of Bourbon, mother of Mary of Burgundy.
Elisabeth of France (November 22, 1602 - October 6, 1644) was the eldest daughter of King Henry IV of France and his second spouse, Marie de' Medici. As a daughter of the king, she was born a Fille de France. As the eldest daughter of the king, she was known at court by the traditional honorific of Madame Royale.
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Life
Elisabeth was born at the Château de Fontainebleau on November 22 1602 and was her eldest daughter of the King and Queen of France. At the age of 10, her father Henry IV was killed outside the Palais du Louvre in Paris; as a result her older brother became Louis XIII of France but under a Regency in control of her mother.
The two siblings were very close and were often together during her youth. From the age of 10 (1612), negotiations with neighbouring Spain began to have a double marriage between the two nations; Élisabeth would marry the Prince of Asturias and her brother the young king would marry the Spanish Infanta Ana Maria Mauricia - the infanta (who was the heir to the spanish throne until the birth of the Prince of Asturias) was later the mother of Louis XIV of France and Philippe I, Duke of Orléans. One of 6 children, her siblings were:
- Louis XIII of France (1601-1643) was father to Louis XIV of France and the founder of the modern day House of Orléans;
- Christine Marie, Duchess of Savoy (1606-1663)
- Nicholas Henri, Duke of Orléans (1607-1611)
- Gaston, Duke of Orléans (1608-1660)
- Henrietta Maria, Queen of England (1609-1669)
Marriage
Élisabeth met her husband for the first time in 1615 where the couple met on November 25 on the River of Andaye, this was also the first time the King of France Louis XIII would meet his wife Anne of Austria. The river was a point between the two nations allowing the princess's to tavel to their adopted country as was custom. This was also the last time Louis would see his sister. While in Spain, she would take on the spanish form of Elisabeth; Isabel. The weddding took place in the Chapel of Saint Mary. The young Isabel would then become the new Princess of Asturias.
This marriage followed a tradition of cementing military and political alliances between the Catholic powers of France and Spain with royal marriages. The tradition went back to the marriage of King Philip II of Spain with the French princess, Elisabeth of Valois, the daughter of King Henry II of France, in 1559 as part of the Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis. The Exchange of the Princesses at the Spanish Border which was painted as part of the Marie de' Medici cycle, was painted by Peter Paul Rubens for the event. They were parents to seven children:
Children
- Infanta María Margarita of Spain (1621)
- Infanta Margarita María Catalina of Spain (1623)
- Infanta Maria Eugenia of Spain (1625-1627)
- Infanta Isabel María Teresa of Spain (162
- Infante Baltasar Carlos of Spain (1629-1646)
- Infanta María Ana "Mariana" Antonia of Spain (1636)
- Infanta María Teresa of Spain (1638-1683), queen consort of France as first wife of Louis XIV of France
Queen
By the time the couples first child, Infanta Maria Margarita, was born, the couple were the new rulers of Spain after the death of Élisabeth's father in law Philip III of Spain. The lonely new queen of Spain was well aware of her husbands various mistresses and possibilly as a result affected her health. Only two of her children would survive infancy and she would give birth to her last child in 1638. This child, would be the future Queen of France - as the wife of Élisabeths nephew, the future Louis XIV of France. Unlike her husband and sister in law, she would not see the wedding which cememnted the peace between her homeland and adopted country Spain; the countries would be at war which woild end in about 1660.
Elisabeth was renowned for her physical beauty, intelligence and noble personality, which made her very popular with the Spanish people. She was regent of Spain during the Catalan Revolt and supported the Duke of Nochera against the Count-Duke of Olivares in favor of an honorable withdrawal from the Catalan Revolt.
The Queen Consort of Spain and Portugal died in Madrid at the age of 42. At her death she left two small children: Baltasar Carlos and María Teresa. After her death, her husband remarried; he married his niece Mariana of Austria and they were the parents of the last Habsburg king of Spain, Charles II of Spain. He was mentally and physically disabled: he, like his father married twice but did not produce an heir and the throne of Spain was handed over to a great-grandson of Élisabeth. He was known as Philip V of Spain. It is through Philip V that Élisabeth is a descendant of the present king of Spain Juan Carlos I of Spain.
Ancestors
References
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Isabella of Bourbon (1602-1644) |
- ^ Robert Knecht, Renaissance France, genealogies; Baumgartner, genealogicl tables.
External Links
Titles
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Elisabeth of France (1602–1644)
Born: 22 November 1602 Died: 6 October 1644 |
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| Preceded by Margaret of Austria |
Queen consort of Portugal 1621-1640 |
Succeeded by Luisa of Medina-Sidonia |
| Queen consort of Spain 1621-1644 |
Succeeded by Mariana of Austria |
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| Preceded by Anna of Austria |
Consort of the Spanish Netherlands 1621-1644 |
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 2 December 2008, at 11:08.
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