This MedLibrary.org supplementary page on Eugen Bleuler is provided directly from the open source Wikipedia as a service to our readers. Please see the note below on authorship of this content, as well as the Wikipedia usage guidelines. To search for other content from our encyclopedia supplement, please use the form below:
Related Sponsors
| Eugene Bleuler | |
 |
|
| Born | April 30, 1857 Zollikon, Switzerland |
|---|---|
| Died | July 15, 1939 Zollikon, Switzerland |
| Residence | Zurich |
| Citizenship | Swiss |
| Nationality | Swiss |
| Ethnicity | German |
| Fields | Psychiatry |
| Institutions | Rheinau-Zurich clinic Burghölzli clinic Univ. of Zurich |
| Alma mater | Univ. of Zurich |
| Doctoral advisor | Jean-Martin Charcot Bernhard von Gudden |
| Doctoral students | Manfred Bleuler |
| Known for | Schizophrenia Autism |
| Influences | August Forel Sigmund Freud |
| Influenced | Carl Jung |
Paul Eugen Bleuler (April 30, 1857 – July 15, 1939[1]) was a Swiss psychiatrist most notable for his contributions to the understanding of mental illness and coining the term schizophrenia.
Bleuler was born in Zollikon, a small town near Zurich in Switzerland, to Johann Rudolf Bleuler, a wealthy farmer, and Pauline Bleuler-Bleuler. He studied medicine in Zurich, and later studied in Paris, London and Munich after which he returned to Zurich to take a post as an intern at the Burghölzli, a university hospital.
In 1886 Bleuler became the director of a psychiatric clinic at Rheinau, a hospital located in an old monastery on an island in the Rhine. Rheinau was noted at the time for being backward, and Bleuler set about improving conditions for the patients resident there.
Bleuler returned to the Burghölzli in 1898 where he was appointed director.
In the 1890s Bleuler became interested in Sigmund Freud's work, favorably reviewing Josef Breuer and Sigmund Freud's Studies on Hysteria. Like Freud, Bleuler believed that complex mental processes could be unconscious. He encouraged his staff at the Burghölzli to study unconscious and psychotic mental phenomena. Influenced by Bleuler, Carl Jung and Franz Riklin used word association tests to integrate Freud's theory of repression with empirical psychological findings. For a time Bleuler even consulted Freud about his own self-analysis. As the leader of a major teaching and research hospital, Bleuler's support for Freud was very important to the early growth of psychoanalysis. By 1911, however, Bleuler withdrew his support for psychoanalysis.
Bleuler is particularly notable for naming schizophrenia, a disorder which was previously known as dementia praecox. Bleuler realized the condition was neither a dementia, nor did it always occur in young people (praecox meaning early) and so gave the condition the purportedly less stigmatising but still controversial name from the Greek roots schizein (σχίζειν, "to split") and phrēn, phren- (φρήν, φρεν-, "mind"). Bleuler treated celebrated Russian ballet dancer Vaslav Nijinsky after his breakdown in 1919.
Bleuler coined the New Latin word autismus (English translation autism) in 1910 as he was defining symptoms of schizophrenia, deriving it from the Greek word autos (αὐτός, meaning self).[2] According to the Critical Dictionary of Psychoanalysis by Charles Rycroft, it was Bleuler who introduced the term ambivalence (in 1911).
Bleuler is also recognized today for having a different neurological disorder called Synesthesia, in which information from the sensory systems crosses over with the result that an individual experiences one sensation as another -- tasting colours, hearing numbers or seeing music, for example.
References
- ^ Eugen Bleuler. www.whonamedit.com. URL: http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1294.html. Accessed on: May 2, 2007.
- ^ Kuhn R; tr. Cahn CH (2004). "Eugen Bleuler's concepts of psychopathology". Hist Psychiatry 15 (3): 361–66. doi:. PMID 15386868. The quote is a translation of Bleuler's 1910 original.
- Tölle, R (2008), "Eugen Bleuler (1857-1939) and German psychiatry", Der Nervenarzt 79(1): 90–6, 98, 2008 Jan, doi:, PMID:18058081, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18058081>
- Falzeder, Ernst (2007), "The story of an ambivalent relationship: Sigmund Freud and Eugen Bleuler", Der Nervenarzt 52(3): 343–68, 2007 Jun, doi:, PMID:17537145, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17537145>
- Bernet, Brigitta (2006), "Associative disorder. On the relationship between the interpretation of disorder and society in the early writings of Eugen Bleuler", Medizin, Gesellschaft, und Geschichte : Jahrbuch des Instituts für Geschichte der Medizin der Robert Bosch Stiftung 26: 169–93, PMID:17144374, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17144374>
- Möller, A & Hell, D (2003), "The social understanding of Eugen Bleuler - his viewpoint outside of the psychiatric clinic", Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie 71(12): 661–6, 2003 Dec, doi:, PMID:14661160, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14661160>
- Möller, A; Scharfetter, C & Hell, D (2002), "Development and termination of the working relationship of C. G. Jung and Eugen Bleuler 1900-1909", History of psychiatry 13(52 Pt 4): 445–53, 2002 Dec, PMID:12645573, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12645573>
- Möller, Arnulf & Hell, Daniel, "Eugen Bleuler and forensic psychiatry", International journal of law and psychiatry 25(4): 351–60, PMID:12613049, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12613049>
- Möller, A; Scharfetter, C & Hell, D (2003), "The "Psychopathologic laboratory" at Burghölzli. Development and termination of the working relationship of C.G. Jung and Eugen Bleuler", Der Nervenarzt 74(1): 85–90, 2003 Jan, doi:, PMID:12596032, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12596032>
- Möller, A & Hell, D (2000), "Fundamentals of scientifically based ethics in the works of Eugen Bleuler", Der Nervenarzt 71(9): 751–7, 2000 Sep, PMID:11042871, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11042871>
- Möller, A & Hell, D (1999), "Scientific psychology in the works of Eugen Bleuler", Psychiatrische Praxis 26(4): 157–62, 1999 Jul, PMID:10457965, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10457965>
- Scharfetter, C (1999), "Orthodoxy against heretics. Correspondence of Gaupp and Kretschmer to Eugen Bleuler", Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie 67(4): 143–6, 1999 Apr, PMID:10327309, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10327309>
- Möller, A & Hell, D (1997), "The development of criminal psychology in the work of Eugen Bleuler", Fortschritte der Neurologie-Psychiatrie 65(11): 504–8, 1997 Nov, PMID:9480292, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9480292>
- Kruse, G (1996), "Autistic-undisciplined thinking in medicine and overcoming it by Eugen Bleuler", Psychiatrische Praxis 23(5): 255–6, 1996 Sep, PMID:8992526, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8992526>
- Wilhelm, H R (1996), "Eugen Bleuler and Carl Gustav Jung's habilitation", Sudhoffs Archiv 80(1): 99–108, PMID:8928214, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8928214>
- De Ridder, H & Corveleyn, J (1992), "[Eugen Bleuler (1857-1939) and psychoanalysis", Zeitschrift für klinische Psychologie, Psychopathologie und Psychotherapie / im Auftrag der Görres-Gesellschaft 40(3): 246–62, PMID:1519383, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1519383>
- Bleuler, M & Bleuler, R (1986), "Dementia praecox oder die Gruppe der Schizophrenien: Eugen Bleuler", The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science 149: 661–2, 1986 Nov, PMID:3545358, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3545358>
- Bleuler, M (1984), "Eugen Bleuler and schizophrenia", The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science 144: 327–8, 1984 Mar, PMID:6367878, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6367878>
- Menuck, M (1979), "What did Eugen Bleuler really say?", Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie 24(2): 161–6, 1979 Mar, PMID:371780, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/371780>
- Gärtner, J K (1965), "Significance of Eugen Bleuler in the development of general medical practice", Der Landarzt 41(5): 187–91, 1965 Feb 20, PMID:5320265, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5320265>
- Klaesi, J (1957), "On the hundredth birthday of Eugen Bleuler", Psychiatria et neurologia 134(6): 353–61, 1957 Dec, PMID:13505951, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13505951>
- Krapf, E E (1957), "Response to fellowship lecture on Eugen Bleuler", The American journal of psychiatry 114(4): 299–302, 1957 Oct, PMID:13458491, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13458491>
- Zilboorg, G (1957), "Eugen Bleuler and present-day psychiatry", The American journal of psychiatry 114(4): 289–98, 1957 Oct, PMID:13458490, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13458490>
- Binswanger, L (1957), "Recollections regarding Eugen Bleuler", Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift 87(35-36): 1112–3, 1957 Aug 31, PMID:13467185, <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13467185>
- George Makari, Revolution in Mind:The Creation of Psychoanalysis, (Harper Collins, 2008)
External links
- Eugen Bleuler - Encyclopædia Britannica.
- Response to fellowship lecture on Eugen Bleuler - Comments by E.E. Krapf in the American Journal of Psychiatry (PMID 13458491).
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 19 September 2008, at 16:03.
Wikipedia Authorship and Review
Wikipedia content provided here is not reviewed directly by MedLibrary.org. Wikipedia content is authored by an open community of volunteers and is not produced by or in any way affiliated with MedLibrary.org.
Wikipedia Usage Guidelines
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article on "Eugen Bleuler".
The URL for this specific entry is:
All Wikipedia text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details). Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.