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In biochemistry, a hydrolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of a chemical bond. For example, an enzyme that catalyzed the following reaction is a hydrolase:
- A–B + H2O → A–OH + B–H
Nomenclature
Systematic names of hydrolases are formed as "substrate hydrolase." However, common names are typically in the form "substratease." For example, a nuclease is a hydrolase that cleaves nucleic acids.
Classification
Hydrolases are classified as EC 3 in the EC number classification of enzymes. Hydrolases can be further classified into several subclasses, based upon the bonds they act upon:
References
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Hydrolase: esterases (EC 3.1) |
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| 3.1.1: Carboxylic ester hydrolases |
Cholinesterase ( Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase) - Pectinesterase - 6-phosphogluconolactonase - PAF acetylhydrolase
Lipase (Gastric/Lingual, Pancreatic, Lysosomal, Hormone-sensitive, Endothelial, Hepatic, Lipoprotein, Monoacylglycerol, Diacylglycerol)
Phospholipase ( A1, A2, B)
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| 3.1.2: Thioesterase |
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| 3.1.3: Phosphatase |
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| 3.1.4: Phosphodiesterase |
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| 3.1.6: Sulfatase |
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| other |
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Ether bond hydrolases (EC 3.3) |
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Hydrolase: proteases (EC 3.4) |
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| Exopeptidase 3.4.11-19 |
Angiotensin-converting enzyme - Dipeptidase - Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 - DD-transpeptidase
Metalloexopeptidases: Aminopeptidase ( Alanine, Arginyl, Aspartyl, Cystinyl, Leucyl, Glutamyl, Methionyl ( 1, 2), O) - Carboxypeptidase ( A, B, C, E, Glutamate II)
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| Endopeptidase 3.4.21-24 |
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| Cathepsin 3.4.18,21,22,23 |
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Carbon-carbon hydrolases (EC 3.7) |
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 5 October 2008, at 08:39.
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