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| Tinea cruris Classification and external resources |
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| ICD-10 | B35.6 |
|---|---|
| ICD-9 | 110.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 29140 |
| MedlinePlus | 000876 |
| eMedicine | derm/471 |
Tinea cruris, also known as jock itch (American English), dhobi itch or scrot rot (British English), is a fungal infection of the groin region.
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Symptoms and signs
As the common name for this condition implies, it causes itching or a burning sensation in the groin area, thigh skin folds, or anus. It may involve the inner thighs and genital areas, as well as extending back to the perineum and perianal areas.
Affected areas may appear red, tan, or brown, with flaking, rippling, peeling, or cracking skin.[1][2]
The acute infection begins with an area in the groin fold about a half-inch across, usually on both sides. The area may enlarge, and other sores may develop in no particular pattern. The rash appears as raised red plaques (platelike areas) and scaly patches with sharply defined borders that may blister and ooze.[3]
If the rash advances, it usually advances down the inner thigh. The advancing edge is redder and more raised than areas that have been infected longer. The advancing edge is usually scaly, and very easily distinguished or well demarcated.
The skin within the border turns a reddish-brown and loses much of its scale. The border may exhibit tiny pimples or even pustules, with central areas that are reddish and dry with small scales.[4][5]
If infected with candidal organisms, the rash tends to be redder and wetter. The skin of the penis may be involved, whereas other organisms spare the penis.
Causes
Opportunistic infections (infections that are caused by a diminished immune system) are frequent. Fungus from other parts of the body (commonly tinea pedis or 'athlete's foot') can contribute to jock itch. A warm, damp environment allowing the fungus to cultivate greatly contributes; especially with tight, sweaty or rubbing clothing such as a jockstrap.
The type of fungus that most commonly causes tinea cruris is called Trichophyton rubrum. Some other contributing fungi are Candida albicans, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Epidermophyton floccosum.
Treatment
Tinea cruris is best treated with antifungal drugs applied topically. Traditionally creams containing tolnaftate, clotrimazole or miconazole have been used, although newer agents such as butenafine are also used. These anti-fungal agents work by stopping the fungi from producing a substance called ergosterol, which is an essential component of fungal cell membranes. If ergosterol synthesis is completely or partially inhibited, the cell is no longer able to construct an intact cell membrane. This leads to death of the fungus.
If the skin inflammation causes discomfort and itching, glucocorticoid steroids may be combined with the anti-fungal drug to help prevent further irritation due to the patient scratching the area. Apart from the quicker relief of symptoms, this also helps minimise the risk of secondary bacterial infection caused by the scratching. However, steroids may exacerbate the condition if used alone for fungal infections.
To cure the infection naturally, keep moist and warm areas of the body clean and dry. Change anything the fungus comes into contact with daily, like undergarments and towels. One can use talcum powder to help keep the area dry. Powders with menthol or zinc oxide like Gold Bond medicated powder, and creams containing 1% hydrocortisone should help soothe the itch if not treat the infection altogether. Avoid the transmission of the fungus to other parts of the body when drying. One may use anti-dandruff shampoos on the infected skin as many contain anti-fungal chemical compounds such as pyrithione zinc, selenium sulfide, and ketoconazole (Nizoral).citation needed Tea tree oil can also be used since it is a natural anti-fungal.[6] Garlic is also known to have anti-fungal properties because it contains allicin.citation needed
Famous Cases
In August of 2008 the University of Southern California Football team was struck with an outbreak of the fungus, to the point that 25% of the team was reporting discomfort.[7] Blame has been placed on a new compression tight that was being worn beneath practice clothing.
See also
References
- ^ http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/library/DS/00490.html
- ^ http://www.med.nyu.edu/patientcare/library/article.html?ChunkIID=11736
- ^ http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000876.htm#Symptoms
- ^ http://www.emedicinehealth.com/jock_itch/page3_em.htm
- ^ http://dermatology.about.com/cs/fungalinfections/a/jockitch.htm
- ^ Shemesh, A.; Mayo, W. L. (1991). "Australian tea tree oil: a natural antiseptic and fungicidal agent". Aust. J. Pharm. 72: 802–803.
- ^ Wharton, David; Klein, Gary (2008-08-14). "Trojans have a little problem", Los Angeles Times.
External links
- eMedicine Health
- MayoClinic - jock itch
- Links to jock itch pictures (Hardin MD/Univ of Iowa)
- How to Prevent Jock Itch with Rubbing Alcohol
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 7 October 2008, at 20:14.
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