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Land warfare, sometimes also called ground combat, is the term used to describe military operations eventuating in combat that take place predominantly on the land surface of the planet. Land warfare is categorised by the use of large numbers of combat personnel employing a diverse set of combat skills, methods and a wide variety of weapon systems and equipment, conducted in diverse terrains and weather environments. Land warfare, by the virtue of being conducted in defence of urban and rural population areas, dominates the study of war, and is a focus for most national defence policy planning and financial considerations. Land warfare in history has undergone several distinct transitions in conduct from large concentration of largely untrained and irregularly armed populace used in frontal assaults to current employment of combined arms concepts with highly trained regular troops using a wide variety of organisational, weapon and information systems, and employing a variety of strategic, operational and tactical doctrines. Although the land combat in the past was conducted by the Combat Arms of the armed forces, since the Second World War it has largely involved three distinct types of combat units: Infantry, Armour and Artillery. These arms, since the Age of Sail, have used amphibious warfare concepts and methods to project power from the seas and oceans, and since the wide introduction of military transport aircraft and helicopters have used airborne forces and vertical envelopment to the variety of doctrines used to prosecute warfare on land.

Land forces

Land forces include personnel, weapons platforms, vehicles, and support elements operating on land to accomplish assigned missions and tasks.^[1]

Infantry

Main article: infantry

Infantry are soldiers who fight primarily on foot with small arms in organized military units, though they may be transported to the battlefield by horses, ships, automobiles, skis, or other means.

Armour

Main article: Armoured forces

Armoured fighting vehicle (AFV) is a military vehicle, equipped with protection against hostile attacks and often mounted weapons. Most AFVs are equipped for driving in rugged terrain.

Examples of armoured vehicles (a common type of AFV) include: Tanks and Armoured personnel carriers (APC's).

Artillery

Main article: artillery

Historically, artillery (from French artillerie) refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. The term also describes ground-based troops with the primary function of manning such weapons. Sometimes known as "The King of Battle" or "the GOD of war" as called by Stalin. The word is derived from the Old French verb attilier, meaning "to equip". This term includes coastal artillery which traditionally defended coastal areas against seaborne attack and controlled the passage of ships using their ability to deny access through the threat of coastal fire. It also includes land-based field artillery. With the advent of powered flight at the start of the 20th Century, artillery also included ground-based anti-aircraft batteries.

Combined arms

Main article: Combined arms

Combined arms is an approach to warfare which seeks to integrate different arms of a military to achieve mutually complementary effects, such as, self-propelled artillery, mechanized infantry and so forth.

References

1. ^ Department of Defense - Definition of "Land Forces"

See also

Wikipedia content modification information:

• This page was last modified on 13 October 2008, at 19:30.

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