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2003 state leaders - Events of 2004 - 2005 state leaders - State leaders by year

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Contents 1 Africa 2 Asia 3 Australia and Oceania 4 Europe 5 Middle East 6 North America and the Caribbean 7 South America

Africa

• Algeria
  • President - Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2003–2006)
• Angola
  • President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister - Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos, Prime Minister of Angola (2002–present)
• Benin - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1996–2006)
• Botswana - Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
• Burkina Faso
  • President - Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–present)
  • Prime Minister - Paramanga Ernest Yonli, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2000–2007)
• Burundi - Domitien Ndayizeye, President of Burundi (2003–2005)
• Cameroon
  • President - Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Peter Mafany Musonge, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1996–2004)
    2. Ephraïm Inoni (2004–present)
• Cape Verde
  • President - Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–present)
• Central African Republic
  • President - François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Célestin Gaombalet, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2003–2005)
• Chad
  • President - Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Moussa Faki, Prime Minister of Chad (2003–2005)
• Comoros -
  • President - Azali Assoumani, President of Comoros (2002–2006)
  • Anjouan - Mohamed Bacar, President of Anjouan (2002–2007)
  • Grande Comore - Abdou Soulé Elbak, President of Grande Comore (2002–2007)
  • Mohéli - Mohamed Said Fazul, President of Mohéli (2002–2007)
• Democratic Republic of the Congo - Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–present)
• Republic of the Congo - Denis Sassou-Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
• Côte d'Ivoire
  • President - Laurent Gbagbo, President of Côte d'Ivoire (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Seydou Diarra, Prime Minister of Côte d'Ivoire (2003–2005)
• Djibouti
  • President - Ismail Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–present)
• Equatorial Guinea
  • President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Cándido Muatetema Rivas, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2001–2004)
    2. Miguel Abia Biteo Boricó (2004–2006)
• Eritrea - Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1993–present)
• Ethiopia
  • President - Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–present)
• Gabon
  • President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999–2006)
• The Gambia - Yahya Jammeh, President of The Gambia (1994–present)
• Ghana - John Kufuor, President of Ghana (2001–present)
• Guinea
  • President - Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Lamine Sidimé, Prime Minister of Guinea (1999-2004)
    2. François Lonseny Fall, Prime Minister of Guinea (2004)
    3. Cellou Dalein Diallo, Prime Minister of Guinea (2004–2006)
• Guinea-Bissau
  • President - Henrique Rosa, interim President of Guinea-Bissau (2003–2005)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Artur Sanhá, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2003–2004)
    2. Carlos Gomes Júnior, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2004–2005)
• Kenya - Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–present)
• Lesotho
  • Monarch - Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister - Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–present)
• Liberia - Gyude Bryant, Chairman of the Transitional Government of Liberia (2003–2006)
• Libya
  • General Secretary - Zentani Muhammad az-Zentani, General Secretary of the General People's Congress (1992–present)
  • De facto ruler - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution (1969/1979–present)
• Madagascar
  • President - Marc Ravalomanana, President of Madagascar (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jacques Sylla, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2002–2007)
• Malawi
  • President -
    1. Bakili Muluzi, President of Malawi (1994–2004)
    2. Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (2004–present)
• Mali
  • President - Amadou Toumani Touré, President of Mali (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ahmed Mohamed Ag Hamani, Prime Minister of Mali (2002–2004)
    2. Ousmane Issoufi Maïga, Prime Minister of Mali (2004–2007)
• Mauritania
  • President - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President of Mauritania (1984–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Sghaïr Ould M'Bareck, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2003–2005)
• Mauritius
  • President - Sir Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Paul Bérenger, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2003–2005)
• Morocco
  • Monarch - Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Driss Jettou, Prime Minister of Morocco (2002–2007)
• Mozambique -
  • President - Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986–2005)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pascoal Mocumbi, Prime Minister of Mozambique (1994–2004)
    2. Luisa Diogo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–present)
• Namibia -
  • President - Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia (1990–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Theo-Ben Gurirab, Prime Minister of Namibia (2002–2005)
• Niger
  • President - Tandja Mamadou, President of Niger (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister - Hama Amadou, Prime Minister of Niger (2000–2007)
• Nigeria - Olusegun Obasanjo, President of Nigeria (1999–2007)
• Rwanda
  • President - Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–present)
• São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President - Fradique de Menezes, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Maria das Neves, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Principe (2002–2004)
    2. Damião Vaz d'Almeida, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Principe (2004–2005)
  • Principe - Zeferino dos Prazeres, President of the Regional Government of Principe (2002–2006)
• Senegal
  • President - Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Idrissa Seck, Prime Minister of Senegal (2002–2004)
    2. Macky Sall, Prime Minister of Senegal (2004–2007)
• Seychelles
  • President
    1. France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977–2004)
    2. James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–present)
• Sierra Leone - Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone (1998–2007)
• Somalia
  • Mogadishu Government -
    • President -
      1. Abdiqasim Salad Hassan, President of Somalia (2000–2004)
      2. Abdullahi Yusuf, President of Somalia (2004–present)
    • Prime Minister - Muhammad Abdi Yusuf, Prime Minister of Somalia (2003–2007)
  • Republic of Somaliland - Dahir Riyale Kahin, President of Somaliland (2002–present)
• South Africa - Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–present)
• Sudan - Omar Hasan Ahmad al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1993–present)
• Swaziland -
  • Monarch - Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister - Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2003–present)
• Tanzania
  • President - Benjamin Mkapa, President of Tanzania (1995–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Frederick Sumaye, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1995–2005)
• Togo
  • President - Gnassingbe Eyadema, President of Togo (1967–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Koffi Sama, Prime Minister of Togo (2002–2005)
• Tunisia
  • President - Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–present)
  • Prime Minister - Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–present)
• Uganda
  • President - Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister - Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–present)
• Western Sahara (Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)
  • President - Mohammed Abdel Aziz, President of Western Sahara (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister - Abdelkader Taleb Oumar, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (2003–present)
• Zambia - Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (2002–2008)
• Zimbabwe - Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–present)

Asia

• Afghanistan - Hamid Karzai, President and Chairman of the Afghan Transitional Administration (2002–present)
• Bangladesh
  • President - Iajuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Khaleda Zia, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2001–2006)
• Bhutan
  • King - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972–2006)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Lyonpo Jigme Thinley, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2003–2004)
    2. Lyonpo Yeshey Zimba (2004–2005)
• Brunei - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
• Cambodia
  • King -
    1. Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia (1993–2004)
    2. Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
  • Acting Head of State -
    1. Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004)
    2. Samdech Chea Sim, King of Cambodia (2004)
    3. Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004)
  • Prime Minister - Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1998–present)
• People's Republic of China -
  • Communist Party Leader - Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (2002–present)
  • President - Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
  • Premier - Wen Jiabao, Premier of the People's Republic of China (2003–present)
  • Hong Kong - Tung Chee Hwa, Chief Executive of Hong Kong (1997–2005)
  • Macau - Edmund Ho, Chief Executive of Macau (1999–present)
• East Timor -
  • President - Xanana Gusmão, President of East Timor (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Mari Alkatiri, Prime Minister of East Timor (2002–2006)
• India
  • President - Abdul Kalam, President of India (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Atal Behari Vajpayee, Prime Minister of India (1998–2004)
    2. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India (2004–present)
• Indonesia -
  1. Megawati Sukarnoputri, President of Indonesia (2001–2004)
  2. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–present)
• Iran
  • Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President - Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran (1997–2005)
• Japan
  • Emperor - Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–present)
  • Prime Minister - Junichiro Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan (2001–2006)
• Kazakhstan -
  • President - Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Daniyal Akhmetov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2003–2007)
• North Korea
  • Dear Leader - Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defense Commission (1993–present)
  • Head of State (de facto) - Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly (1998–present)
  • Premier - Pak Pong-ju, Premier of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (2003–2007)
• South Korea
  • President - Roh Moo-hyun, President of the Republic of Korea (2003–2008)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Goh Kun, Prime Minister of the Republic of Korea (1998–2004)
    2. Lee Hun Jai (acting) (2004)
    3. Lee Hai Chan (2004–2006)
• Kyrgyzstan
  • President - Askar Akayev, President of Kyrgyzstan (1990–2005)
  • Prime minister - Nikolay Tanayev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2002–2005)
• Laos
  • President - Khamtai Siphandon, President of Laos (1998–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Boungnang Vorachith, Prime Minister of Laos (2001–2006)
• Malaysia
  • King - Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, King of Malaysia (2001–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2003–present)
• Maldives - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of Maldives (1978–present)
• Mongolia
  • President - Natsagiin Bagabandi, President of Mongolia (1997–2005)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Nambaryn Enkhbayar, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2000–2004)
    2. Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2004–2006)
• Myanmar
  • Head of State - Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council (1992–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. General Khin Nyunt, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2003–2004)
    2. Lieutenant-General Soe Win, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2004–2007)
• Nepal
  • Monarch - Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, Raja of Nepal (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime Minister of Nepal (2003–2004)
    2. Sher Bahadur Deuba (2004–2005)
• Pakistan -
  • President - Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan (2001–2008)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2002–2004)
    2. Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain (2004)
    3. Shaukat Aziz (2004–2007)
• Philippines - Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, President of the Philippines (2001–present)
• Singapore
  • President - S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Goh Chok Tong, Prime Minister of Singapore (1990–2004)
    2. Lee Hsien Loong (2004–present)
• Sri Lanka
  • President - Chandrika Kumaratunga, President of Sri Lanka (1994–2005)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Ranil Wickremesinghe, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2001–2004)
    2. Mahinda Rajapakse, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2004–2005)
• Taiwan (Republic of China)
  • President - Chen Shui-bian, President of the Republic of China (2000–2008)
  • Premier - Yu Shyi-kun, President of the Executive Yuan (2002–present)
• Tajikistan
  • President - Emomali Rahmonov, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
  • Prime Minister - Akil Akilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–present)
• Thailand
  • King - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–present)
  • Prime Minister - Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2001–2006)
• Turkmenistan - Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan (1991–2006)
• Uzbekistan -
  • President - Islom Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1991–present)
  • Prime Minister - Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–present)
• Vietnam
  • President - Tran Duc Luong, President of Vietnam (1997–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Phan Van Khai, Prime Minister of Vietnam (1997–2006)

Australia and Oceania

• American Samoa (U.S. territory)
  • Togiola Tulafono, Governor of American Samoa (2003–present)
• Australia
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Michael Jeffery, Governor-General of Australia (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia (1996–2007)
• Cook Islands (self-governing territory of New Zealand)
  • High Commissioner - Kurt Meyer, High Commissioner of the Cook Islands (2001–present)
  • Queen's Representative - Fred Goodwin, Queen's Representative in the Cook Islands (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Robert Woonton, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2002–present)
• Fiji
  • President - Ratu Josefa Iloilo, President of Fiji (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Laisenia Qarase, Prime Minister of Fiji (2001–2006)
• French Polynesia (French Overseas Territory)
  • High Commissioner - Michel Mathieu, High Commissioner of French Polynesia (2001–present)
  • President of the Government -
    1. Gaston Flosse, President of the Government of French Polynesia (1991–2004, President of French Polynesia 2004–2004)
    2. Oscar Temaru (2004–present)
• Kiribati - Anote Tong, President of Kiribati (2003–present)
• Marshall Islands - Kessai Note, President of the Marshall Islands (2000–2008)
• Federated States of Micronesia - Joseph J. Urusemal, President of the Federated States of Micronesia (2003–2007)
• Nauru -
  1. René Harris, President of Nauru (2003–2004)
  2. Ludwig Scotty, President of Nauru (2004–2007)
• New Caledonia (French Overseas Collectivity)
  • High Commissioner - Daniel Constantin, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2002–present)
  • President of the Government - Pierre Frogier, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2001–present)
• New Zealand
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
  • Governor-General - Dame Silvia Cartwright, Governor-General of New Zealand (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–present)
• Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
  • Resident Commissioner - Sandra Lee-Vercoe, Resident Commissioner of Niue (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Young Vivian, Prime Minister of Niue (2002–present)
• Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the U.S.)
  • Governor - Juan Babauta, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2002–present)
• Palau - Tommy Remengesau, President of Palau (2001–present)
• Papua New Guinea
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. Bill Skate, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (acting) (2003-2004)
    2. Jeffrey Nape (acting) (May-June)(2004)
    3. Sir Paulias Matane (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2002–present)
• Pitcairn Islands (overseas territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Pitcairn Islands (1952–present)
  • Governor - Richard Fell, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2001–present)
  • Commissioner - Leslie Jacques, Commissioner of the Pitcairn Islands (2003–present)
  • Mayor -
    1. Steve Christian, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (1999–2004)
    2. Brenda Christian, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2004–present)
• Samoa
  • Monarch - Malietoa Tanumafili II, Head of State of Samoa (1963–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Tuila'epa Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa (1998–present)
• Solomon Islands -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
  • Governor-General -
    1. John Lapli, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (1999–2004)
    2. Nathaniel Waena, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Allan Kemakeza, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2001–2006)
• Tokelau (territory of New Zealand)
  • Administrator - Neil Walter, Administrator of Tokelau (2003–present)
  • Head of Government - Kolouei O'Brien, Head of Government of Tokelau (2003–2004)
• Tonga
  • Monarch - Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Lavaka Ata 'Ulukalala, Prime Minister of Tonga (2000–2006)
• Tuvalu
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
  • Governor-General - Faimalaga Luka, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2003–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Saufatu Sopoanga, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2002–2004)
• Vanuatu -
  • President -
    1. John Bani, President of Vanuatu (1999–2004)
    2. Roger Abiut, acting President of Vanuatu (2004)
    3. Alfred Maseng, President of Vanuatu (2004)
    4. Josias Moli, acting President of Vanuatu (2004)
    5. Kalkot Mataskelekele, President of Vanuatu (2004-present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Edward Natapei, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2001–2004)
    2. Serge Vohor, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2004)
    3. Ham Lini, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2004–present)
• Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory to 28 March]], then French overseas collectivity)
  • Administrator-Superior - Christian Job, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2002–present)

Europe

• Albania
  • President - Alfred Moisiu, President of Albania (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Fatos Nano, Prime Minister of Albania (2002–2005)
• Andorra
  • Co-Princes
    • French Co-Prince - Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Bishop of Urgell (2003–present)
  • Head of the Government - Marc Forné, Head of the Government of Andorra (1994–2005)
  • General Syndic - Francesc Areny Casal, General Syndic of Andorra (1997–present)
• Armenia
  • President - Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
  • Prime Minister - Andranik Margaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–2007)
• Austria -
  • President -
    1. Thomas Klestil, Federal President of Austria (1992–2004)
    2. Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–present)
  • Chancellor - Wolfgang Schüssel, Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
• Azerbaijan
  • President - Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister - Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
  • Nagorno Karabakh
    • President - Arkadi Ghukasyan, President of Nagorno Karabakh (1997–2007)
    • Prime Minister - Anushavan Danielyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno Karabakh (2002–present)
• Belarus
  • President - Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
  • Prime Minister - Sergey Sidorsky, List of Belarusian Prime Ministers (2003–present)
• Belgium
  • King - Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister - Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Presidency
    • Borislav Paravac (2003–present)
    • Sulejman Tihić (2002–present)
    • Dragan Čović (2002–present)
  • Prime Minister - Adnan Terzić, Prime Minister of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003–present)
  • High Representative - Paddy Ashdown (2002–present)
  • Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • President - Niko Lozančić, President of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003–present)
    • Prime Minister - Ahmet Hadžipašić, Prime Minister of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2003–present)
  • Republika Srpska
    • President - Dragan Čavić, President of the Republika Srpska (2002–present)
    • Prime minister - Dragan Mikerević, Prime Minister of the Republika Srpska (2003–present)
• Bulgaria
  • President - Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–present)
  • Premier - Simeon Sakskoburggotski, Chairman of the Council of Ministers (2001–2005)
• Croatia
  • President - Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–present)
• Cyprus
  • President - Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
  • Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
    • President - Rauf Denktaş, President of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (1976–2005)
    • Prime Minister - Mehmet Ali Talat, Prime Minister of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (2004–2005)
• Czech Republic -
  • President - Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Vladimír Špidla, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2002–2004)
    2. Stanislav Gross, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2004–2005)
• Denmark
  • Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–present)
  • Faroe Islands:
    1. Anfinn Kallsberg, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (1998–2004)
    2. Jóannes Eidesgaard, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (2004–present)
  • Greenland: Hans Enoksen, Prime Minister of Greenland (2002–present)
• Estonia
  • President - Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia (2001–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Juhan Parts, Prime Minister of Estonia (2003–2005)
• Finland
  • President - Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–present)
  • Aland - Roger Nordlund, Prime Minister of Aland (1999–present)
• France
  • President - Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Prime Minister of France (2002–2005)
• Germany
  • President -
    1. Johannes Rau, President of Germany (1999–2004)
    2. Horst Köhler, President of Germany (2004–present)
  • Chancellor - Gerhard Schröder, Chancellor of Germany (1998–2005)
• Georgia
  • President -
    1. Nino Burjanadze, Acting President of Georgia (2003–2004)
    2. Mikhail Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Zurab Zhvania, Prime Minister of Georgia (2004–2005; Minister of State 2003–2004)
  • Abkhazia
    • President - Vladislav Ardzinba, President of Abkhazia (1994–2005)
    • Prime Minister -
      1. Raul Khajimba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2003–2004)
      2. Nodar Khashba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2004–present)
• Greece
  • President - Kostis Stephanopoulos, President of Greece (1995–2005)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Costas Simitis, Prime Minister of Greece (1996-2004)
    2. Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–present)
• Hungary
  • President - Ferenc Mádl, President of Hungary (2000–2005)
  • Prime Minister
    1. Péter Medgyessy, Prime Minister of Hungary (2002–2004)
    2. Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–present)
• Iceland
  • President - Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Davíð Oddsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (1991–2004)
    2. Halldór Ásgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (2004–2006)
• Ireland
  • President - Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister - Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach (1997–2008)
• Isle of Man
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann (1952–present)
  • Lieutenant-Governor - Ian McFayden, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (2000–present)
  • Chief minister - Richard Corkill, Chief Minister of Man (2001–present)
• Italy
  • President - Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of the Italian Republic (1999–2006)
  • Prime Minister - Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister of Italy (2001–2006)
• Latvia
  • President - Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–2007)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Einars Repše, Prime Minister of Latvia (2002–2004)
    2. Indulis Emsis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004–present)
• Liechtenstein
  • Prince - Hans Adam II, Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
  • Head of Government - Otmar Hasler, Head of Government (2001–present)
• Lithuania
  • President -
    1. Rolandas Paksas, President of Lithuania (2003–2004)
    2. Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Algirdas Brazauskas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2001–2006)
• Luxembourg
  • Monarch - Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–present)
• Republic of Macedonia -
  • President -
    1. Boris Trajkovski, President of the Republic of Macedonia (1999-2004)
    2. Ljupčo Jordanovski, acting President of the Republic of Macedonia (2004)
    3. Branko Crvenkovski, President of the Republic of Macedonia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Branko Crvenkovski, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia (2002–2004)
    2. Radmila Šekerinska, acting Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia (2004)
    3. Hari Kostov, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia (2004)
    4. Radmila Šekerinska, acting Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia (2004)
    5. Vlado Bučkovski, Prime Minister of the Republic of Macedonia (2004–2006)
• Malta
  • President -
    1. Guido de Marco, President of Malta (1999–2004)
    2. Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Eddie Fenech Adami, Prime Minister of Malta (1998–2004)
    2. Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–present)
• Moldova
  • President - Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–present)
  • Prime Minister - Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–present)
  • Transnistria - Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1991–present)
• Monaco
  • Prince - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
  • Minister of State - Patrick Leclercq, Minister of State of Monaco (2000–2005)
• The Netherlands
  • Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–present)
  • Prime Minister - Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–present)
• Norway
  • Monarch - Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
  • Prime Minister - Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway (2001–2005)
• Poland
  • President - Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of the Republic of Poland (1995–2005)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Leszek Miller, Prime Minister of Poland (2001–2004)
    2. Marek Belka, Prime Minister of Poland (2004–2005)
• Portugal
  • President - Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–2006)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. José Manuel Durão Barroso, Prime Minister of Portugal (2002–2004)
    2. Pedro Santana Lopes, Prime Minister of Portugal (2004–2005)
• Romania
  • President -
    1. Ion Iliescu, President of Romania (2000–2004)
    2. Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Adrian Năstase, Prime Minister of Romania (2000–2004)
    2. Eugen Bejinariu, Prime Minister of Romania (interim; 2004–present)
• Russia
  • President - Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Mikhail Kasyanov, Prime Minister of Russia (2000–2004)
    2. Mikhail Fradkov, Prime Minister of Russia (2004–2007)
• San Marino
  • Captains Regent -
    1. Giovanni Lonfernini and Valeria Ciavatta (semester ending 31 March)
    2. Paolo Bollini and Marino Riccardi (semester April-September)
    3. Giuseppe Arzilli and Roberto Raschi (1 October]] - present)
• Serbia and Montenegro
  • Serbia and Montenegro - Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–present)
    • Serbia
      • President - Boris Tadić President of Serbia (2004–present)
        • Nataša Mićić, Dragan Maršićanin, Predrag Marković-interim presidents
      • Prime Minister - Vojislav Koštunica, Prime Minister of Serbia (2004–2008)
      • Kosovo
        • President - Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (2002–present)
        • Prime Minister - Bajram Rexhepi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2002–present)
        • UN Administrator - Søren Jessen-Petersen, UN Administrator to Kosovo (2004–present)
    • Montenegro
      • President - Filip Vujanović, President of Montenegro (2002–presemt)
      • Prime Minister - Milo Đukanović, Prime Minister of Montenegro (2003–present)
• Slovakia
  • President -
    1. Rudolf Schuster, President of Slovakia (1999–2004)
    2. Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–2006)
• Slovenia
  • President - Janez Drnovšek, President of Slovenia (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Anton Rop, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2002–2004)
    2. Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–present)
• Spain
  • Monarch - Juan Carlos, King of Spain (1975–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. José María Aznar, President of the Government (1996–2004)
    2. José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government (2004–present)
  • Basque Country - Juan José Ibarretxe Markuartu, Basque President (1999–present)
  • Catalonia - Pasqual Maragall i Mira, President of Catalonia (2003–present)
• Sweden
  • Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister - Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–2006)
• Switzerland
  • Swiss Federal Council - Moritz Leuenberger, Pascal Couchepin, Joseph Deiss, Samuel Schmid, Micheline Calmy-Rey, Christoph Blocher, Hans-Rudolf Merz
• Turkey
  • President - Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003-present)
• Ukraine
  • President - Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine (1994–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2002–2005)
• United Kingdom
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister - Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
  • Scotland - Jack McConnell, First Minister of Scotland (2001–2007)
  • Wales - Rhodri Morgan, First Minister of Wales (2000–present)
  • Gibraltar
    • Governor - Sir Francis Richards, Governor of Gibraltar (2003–present)
    • Chief Minister - Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–present)
• Vatican City
  • Pope - John Paul II, Bishop of Rome (1978–2005)
  • Secretary of State - Angelo Cardinal Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–present)

Middle East

• Bahrain
  • King - Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
  • Prime minister - Khalifa bin Salman Ali Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1971–present)
• Egypt
  • President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Atef Ebeid, Prime Minister of Egypt (1999–2004)
    2. Ahmed Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt (2004-present)
• Iran
  • Supreme Leader - Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President - Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran (1997-2005)
• Iraq
  • Civilian Administrator - L. Paul Bremer III, Civilian Administrator of Iraq (2003–2004)
  • President - Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer, President of Iraq (2004–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Iyad Allawi, Prime Minister of Iraq (2004-2005)
• Israel
  • President - Moshe Katsav, President of Israel (2000–2007)
  • Prime Minister - Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister of Israel (2001–2006)
• Jordan - King Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
• Kuwait - Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977–2006)
• Lebanon -
  • President - Émile Lahoud, President of Lebanon (1998–present)
  • Prime Minister - Rafiq al-Hariri, Prime Minister of Lebanon (2000–2004)
• Oman - Qaboos Bin Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
• Qatar - Ahmad ibn Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–present)
• Saudi Arabia -
  • King - Fahd, King of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Fahd, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005)
• Syria - Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
• United Arab Emirates
  • President -
    1. Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1976–2004)
    2. Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Maktoum Bin Rashid al-Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1990–2006)
• Yemen
  • President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister - Abdul Qadir Bajamal, Prime Minister of Yemen (2001–2007)

North America and the Caribbean

• Antigua and Barbuda -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
  • Governor-General - James Carlisle, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1993–2007)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Lester Bird, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (1994–2004)
    2. Baldwin Spencer, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2004–present)
• Aruba
  • Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of Aruba (1980–present)
  • Governor -
    1. Olindo Koolman, Governor of Aruba (1992–2004)
    2. Fredis Refunjol, Governor of Aruba (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister - Nelson O. Oduber, Prime Minister of Aruba (2001–present)
• Bahamas -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
  • Governor-General - Ivy Dumont, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2001–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Perry Christie, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2002–2007)
• Barbados -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
  • Governor-General - Clifford Husbands, Governor-General of Barbados (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister - Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados (1994–2008)
• Belize -
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
  • Governor-General - Colville Young, Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister - Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1998–2008)
• Canada
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
  • Governor General - Adrienne Clarkson, Governor General of Canada (1999–2005)
  • Prime Minister - Paul Martin, Prime Minister of Canada (2003–2006)
  • See also: 2004 Canadian incumbents
• Costa Rica - Abel Pacheco, President of Costa Rica (2002–2006)
• Cuba - Fidel Castro, President of Cuba (1976–2008)
• Dominica -
  • President - Nicholas Liverpool, President of Dominica (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Pierre Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (2000–2004)
    2. Osborne Riviere, acting Prime Minister of Dominica (2004)
    3. Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
• Dominican Republic -
  1. Hipólito Mejía, President of the Dominican Republic (2000–2004)
  2. Leonel Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (2004–present)
• El Salvador
  • President -
    1. Francisco Flores, President of El Salvador (1999–2004)
    2. Antonio Saca, President of El Salvador (2004–present)
• Grenada
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Daniel Williams, Governor-General of Grenada (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister - Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (1995–2008)
• Guatemala
  • President -
    1. Alfonso Portillo, President of Guatemala (2000–2004)
    2. Óscar Berger, President of Guatemala (2004–2008)
• Haiti
  • President -
    1. Jean-Bertrand Aristide, President of Haiti (2001–2004)
    2. Boniface Alexandre, President of Haiti (2004–2006)
• Honduras - Ricardo Maduro, President of Honduras (2002–2006)
• Jamaica
  • Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
  • Governor-General - Sir Howard Cooke, Governor-General of Jamaica (1991–present)
  • Prime Minis