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| Noggin | |
|---|---|
 Crystal Structure of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (Bmp-7) In Complex With The Secreted Antagonist Noggin |
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| Genetic data | |
| Gene code: | HUGO code:NOG |
| Protein Structure/Function | |
| Functions: | cell differentiation |
| Other | |
| Taxa expressing: | Homo sapiens ; homologs: many metazoan phyla |
| Cell types: | many |
| Subcellular localization: | Extracellular |
| Medical/Biotechnological data | |
| Diseases: | symphalangism proximal syndrome (SYM1) (Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 185800), multiple synostoses syndrome 1 (SYNS1) (Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 186500), tarsal-carpal coalition syndrome (TCC) (Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 186570), stapes ankylosis with broad thumb and toes (Online 'Mendelian Inheritance in Man' (OMIM) 184460) |
Noggin was discovered in the laboratory of Richard M. Harland at the University of California, Berkeley because of its ability to induce secondary axis formation in frog embryos. Noggin is a polypeptide that inhibits TGF-β signal transduction by binding to TGF-β family ligands and preventing them from binding to their corresponding receptors. Noggin plays a key role in neural induction by inhibiting BMP4, along with other TGF-β signaling inhibitors such as chordin and follistatin. Mouse knockout experiments have demonstrated that noggin also plays a crucial role in bone development, joint formation, and neural tube fusion.
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