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| Oral candidiasis Classification and external resources |
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| Oral thrush | |
| ICD-10 | B37.0 |
| ICD-9 | 112.0 |
| DiseasesDB | 29743 |
| MedlinePlus | 000966 |
| eMedicine | derm/68 ped/2245 |
| MeSH | D002180 |
Oral candidiasis is an infection of yeast fungi of the genus Candida on the mucous membranes of the mouth. It is frequently caused by Candida albicans, or less commonly by Candida glabrata or Candida tropicalis. Oral thrush may refers to candidiasis in the mouths of babies, while if occurring in the mouth or throat of adults it may also be termed candidosis or moniliasis.
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Symptoms
Oral infections by Candida species usually appear as thick white or cream-coloured deposits on mucosal membranes. The infected mucosa of the mouth may appear inflamed (red and possibly slightly raised). In babies the condition is termed thrush and is usually painless and causes no discomfort. Adults may experience discomfort or burning.citation needed
Special risk groups
- Newborn babies.
- Diabetics with poorly controlled diabetes.
- As a side effect of medication, most commonly having taken antibiotics. Inhaled corticosteroids for treatment of lung conditions (e.g, Asthma or COPD) may also result in oral candidiasis which may be reduced by regularly rinsing the mouth with water after taking the medication.
- People with an immune deficiency (e.g. as a result of AIDS/HIV or chemotherapy treatment).
- Women undergoing hormonal changes, like pregnancy or those on birth control pills.
- People with fresh oral piercings coming into regular contact with yeast.citation needed
- Denture users.
- Smokers.
Thrush and breastfeeding
Because of the increased use of antibiotics in laboring women to reduce the transmission of Group B streptococcal infection to the infant, thrush has become more prevalent.citation needed Symptoms include an oral rash in the infant's mouth, a diaper rash that does not heal with conventional diaper rash treatments and ointments, or burning, painful nipples of the breastfeeding mother.
The rash and pain experienced by the mother can range from severe to mild and may complicate breastfeeding. Treatments include good hygiene of the nipples; oral probiotics containing L. acidophilus;citation needed and over-the-counter antifungal cream containing nystatin, clotrimazole, or miconazole on the nipples. Some clinicians recommend washing the cream off before breastfeeding.[1]
Treatment
Oral candidiasis can be treated with topical anti-fungal drugs, such as nystatin, miconazole or amphotericin B. Patients who are immunocompromised, either with HIV/AIDS or as a result of chemotherapy, may require systemic treatment with oral or intravenous administered anti-fungals.
See also
References
- John Pillinger, Flemming Andersen and Ulla Søderberg (6 July 2005). "Oral thrush (fungal infection in the mouth)". NetDoctor. Retrieved on 2007-03-30.
External links
- Oral Thrush symptoms, risk groups and details
- Links to pictures of Oral Thrush (Hardin MD/Univ of Iowa)
- Karen Zeretzke (October-November 1998). "Yeast Infections and the Breastfeeding Family: Helping mothers find relief for symptoms and treatment for the infection preserves the breastfeeding relationship". LEAVEN (La Leche League International) 34 (5): 91–96.
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 13 October 2008, at 02:59.
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