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Paul Jozef Crutzen
Born	December 3, 1933 (1933-12-03) (age 74) Amsterdam, Netherlands
Fields	Chemistry, Physics
Notable awards	Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1995)

Paul Jozef Crutzen (born December 3, 1933, Amsterdam) is a Dutch Nobel prize winning atmospheric chemist.

Crutzen is best known for his research on ozone depletion. He lists his main research interests as Stratospheric and tropospheric chemistry, and their role in the biogeochemical cycles and climate.¹ He currently works at the Department of Atmospheric Chemistry at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry,² in Mainz, Germany the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, and at Seoul National University,³ South Korea. He was also a long-time adjunct professor at Georgia Institute of Technology and Research Professor at the department of Meteorology of the Stockholm University, Sweden.⁴

Contents 1 Awards 2 Anthropocene 3 Global Warming 4 Nuclear Winter 5 See also 6 Selected Publications 7 References 8 External links

Awards

This is a partial list. See⁵ for more.

• 1976: Outstanding Publication Award, Environmental Research Laboratories, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A.
• 1984: Rolex-Discover Scientist of the Year.
• 1985: Recipient of the Leo Szilard Award for "Physics in the Publics Interest" of the American Physical Society.
• 1986: Elected to Fellow of the American Geophysical Union
• 1989: Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement.
• 1991: Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences;
• 1995: Nobel Prize in Chemistry (with Dr. M. Molina and Dr. F. S. Rowland, U.S.A.)
• 1995: Recipient of the Global Ozone Award for "Outstanding Contribution for the Protection of the Ozone Layer" by United Nations Environment Programme.
• 1996: Honorary Member of the International Ozone Commission
• 1999: Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences
• 2002: Worldwide most cited author in the Geosciences with 2911 citations from 110 publications during the decade 1991-2001, Institute for Scientific Information

Anthropocene

In 2000, in IGBP Newsletter 41, Crutzen and Eugene F. Stoermer, to emphasize the central role of mankind in geology and ecology, proposed using the term anthropocene for the current geological epoch. In regard to its start, they said:

To assign a more specific date to the onset of the 'anthropocene" seems somewhat arbitrary, but we propose the latter part of the 18th century, although we are aware that alternative proposals can be made (some may even want to include the entire holocene). However, we choose this date because, during the past two centuries, the global effects of human activities have become clearly noticeable. This is the period when data retrieved from glacial ice cores show the beginning of a growth in the atmospheric concentrations of several 'greenhouse gases", in particular CO₂ and CH₄. Such a starting date also coincides with James Watt's invention of the steam engine in 1784.⁶

Global Warming

Steve Connor, Science Editor of the Independent, wrote:

• Professor Paul Crutzen, who won a Nobel Prize in 1995 for his work on the hole in the ozone layer, believes that political attempts to limit man-made greenhouse gases are so pitiful that a radical contingency plan is needed.
• In a polemical scientific essay that was published in the August 2006 issue of the journal Climatic Change, he says that an "escape route" is needed if global warming begins to run out of control.⁷
• Professor Crutzen has proposed a method of artificially cooling the global climate by releasing particles of sulphur in the upper atmosphere, which would reflect sunlight and heat back into space. The controversial proposal is being taken seriously by scientists because Professor Crutzen has a proven track record in atmospheric research.⁸
• In January 2008, Crutzen published findings that the release of Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) emissions in the production of biofuels mean that they contribute more to global warming than fossil fuels.⁹

Nuclear Winter

Crutzen was also a leader in promoting the theory of Nuclear winter.

See also

• Nuclear winter
• Global dimming
• Global warming
• Albedo
• 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo
• Planetary engineering

Selected Publications

Link to Google Scholar search for author:P-Crutzen

V Ramanathan, PJ Crutzen, JT Kiehl, D Rosenfeld 2001. "Aerosols, Climate, and the Hydrological Cycle" Science 7 December 2001: Vol. 294. no. 5549, pp. 2119 - 2124. DOI: 10.1126/science.1064034

V. Ramanathan, PJ Crutzen, J. Lelieveld, AP Mitra, D. Althausen, et al. 2001. "Indian Ocean Experiment: An integrated analysis of the climate forcing and effects of the great Indo-Asian haze" Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres Vol. 106, No. D22, pp. 28,371 – 28,398, November 27, 2001 full text PDF

LA Barrie, JW Bottenheim, RC Schnell, PJ Crutzen & RA Rasmussen 1998. "Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere" Nature 334, 138 - 141 (14 July 1988); DOI:10.1038/334138a0

MO Andreae, PJ Crutzen 1997. "Atmospheric Aerosols: Biogeochemical Sources and Role in Atmospheric Chemistry" Science 16 May 1997: Vol. 276. no. 5315, pp. 1052 - 1058. DOI: 10.1126/science.276.5315.1052

Dentener, Frank J.; Carmichael, Gregory R.; Zhang, Yang; Lelieveld, Jos; Crutzen, Paul J. 1996. "Role of mineral aerosol as a reactive surface in the global troposphere" Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 101; No. D//17, pages 22,869 - 22,889.

PJ Crutzen, MO Andreae, 1990. "Biomass Burning in the Tropics: Impact on Atmospheric Chemistry and Biogeochemical Cycles" Science 21 December 1990:Vol. 250. no. 4988, pp. 1669 - 1678. DOI: 10.1126/science.250.4988.1669

References

External links

• His home page
• Autobiography from nobelprize.org
• CV from nobelprize.org
• Entry on the ISI "highly cited" database
• An Interview - Paul Crutzen talks to Harry Kroto Freeview video by the Vega Science Trust.

v • d • e Nobel Laureates in Chemistry William Lipscomb (1976) · Ilya Prigogine (1977) · Peter D. Mitchell (1978) · Herbert C. Brown / Georg Wittig (1979) · Paul Berg / Walter Gilbert / Frederick Sanger (1980) · Kenichi Fukui / Roald Hoffmann (1981) · Aaron Klug (1982) · Henry Taube (1983) · Robert Merrifield (1984) · Herbert A. Hauptman / Jerome Karle (1985) · Dudley R. Herschbach / Yuan T. Lee / John Polanyi (1986) · Donald J. Cram / Jean-Marie Lehn / Charles J. Pedersen (1987) · Johann Deisenhofer / Robert Huber / Hartmut Michel (1988) · Sidney Altman / Thomas Cech (1989) · Elias Corey (1990) · Richard R. Ernst (1991) · Rudolph A. Marcus (1992) · Kary Mullis / Michael Smith (1993) · George Olah (1994) · Paul J. Crutzen / Mario J. Molina / Frank Rowland (1995) · Robert Curl / Harold Kroto / Richard Smalley (1996) · Paul D. Boyer / John E. Walker / Jens Christian Skou (1997) · Walter Kohn / John Pople (1998) · Ahmed Zewail (1999) · Alan J. Heeger / Alan MacDiarmid / Hideki Shirakawa (2000) Complete roster · 1901–1925 · 1926–1950 · 1951–1975 · 1976–2000 · 2001–present

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