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Pemoline
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-4-one | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | N06 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C9H8N2O2 |
| Mol. mass | 176.172 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 50% bound to plasma proteins |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Half life | 12 hours |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B U.S. |
| Legal status |
Schedule IV (United States) |
| Routes | Oral |
Pemoline (sold as Cylert) is a medication used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. Under the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, it is a Schedule IV drug.[1]
Pemoline has some advantages over other stimulants in that it does not reduce the appetite or cause dry mouth.
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Hepatotoxicity and discontinuation
In some patients Pemoline is suspected of causing hepatotoxicity, so regular liver tests are performed on those treated with it. Since receiving FDA approval in 1975, it has been linked with 21 cases of liver failure, of which 13 resulted in liver replacement or death. In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew approval for pemoline due to pressure from certain public advocacy groups, including Public Citizen. The medication was used by an estimated 10,000 Americans afflicted with narcolepsy. A more potent analogue of pemoline, 4-methylaminorex has appeared as a black market drug with abuse potential similar to methamphetamine.
In March 2005, Abbott Laboratories (Cylert marketer) had discontinued the production of Cylert arguing economic reasons.
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References
- ^ Annual Estimates Of Requirements Of Narcotic Drugs, Manufacture Of Synthetic Drugs, Opium Production And Cultivation Of The
See also
External links
- Pemoline monograph at HealthyPlace.com
- AScribe Newswire press release about the withdrawal.
- Pemoline (patient information)
- Cylert Discontinued Press Release
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Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 20 July 2008, at 22:21.
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