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A technical report (also: scientific report) is a document that describes the process, progress, or results of technical or scientific research, or the state of a technical or scientific research problem. Unlike other scientific literature, such as scientific journals and the proceedings of some academic conferences, technical reports rarely undergo comprehensive independent peer review before publication. Where there is a review process, it is often limited to within the originating organization. Similarly, there are no formal publishing procedures for such reports, except where established locally.
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Description
Technical reports are today a major source of scientific and technical information. They are prepared for internal or wider distribution by many organizations, most of which lack the extensive editing and printing facilities of commercial publishers.
Technical reports are often prepared for sponsors of research projects. Another case where a technical report may be produced is when more information is produced for an academic paper than is acceptable or feasible to publish in a peer-reviewed publication; examples of this include in-depth experimental details, additional results, or the architecture of a computer model.
Publication
Technical reports are now commonly published electronically, whether on the internet or on the originating organization's intranet.
Many organizations collect their technical reports into a formal series. Reports are then assigned an identifier (report number, volume number) and share a common cover-page layout. The entire series might be uniquely identified by an ISSN.
A registration scheme for a globally unique International Standard Technical Report Number (ISRN) was standardized in 1994 (ISO 10444), but was never implemented in practice. It aimed to be an international extension of a report identifier scheme used by U.S. government agencies (ANSI/NISO Z39.23).
References
- International standard ISO 5966, Documentation — Presentation of scientific and technical reports (Withdrawn)
- International standard ISO 10444:1994, Information and documentation — International standard technical report number (ISRN)
- American standard ANSI/NISO Z.39.18-2005, Scientific and technical reports – Preparation, presentation and preservation
- American standard ANSI/NISO Z39.23, Standard technical report number format and creation
External links
- National Information Standards Organization
- American National Standards Institute
- Department of Defense technical reports at Defense Technical Information Center
- NASA technical reports
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 25 August 2008, at 13:58.
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