Tetrahydrozoline

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Tetrahydrozoline
IUPAC name 2-(1-tetralinyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole
Identifiers
CAS number
PubChem 5419
SMILES
 
Properties
Molecular formula C13H16N2
Molar mass 200.27954
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Tetrahydrozoline is a derivative of imidazoline, which is found in over-the-counter eye drops and nasal sprays. Other derivatives include naphazoline, oxymetazoline, and xylometazoline. Poisoning can result from an overdose.

Tetrahydrozoline is widely believed to cause violent diarrhea if administered orally, as in a few drops of Visine in an unsuspecting person's beverage. However, this is an urban legend, and the actual results may vary from severe nausea and vomiting to seizures or a coma. See Visine Prank.[1] Diarrhea is not a side effect.

Tetrahydrozoline is an alpha agonist[2] and its main mechanism of action is the constriction of conjunctival blood vessels. This serves to relieve the redness of the eye caused by minor ocular irritants.

See also

References

  1. ^ Urban Legends Reference Pages: Visine Prank
  2. ^ Dahlström M, Lindgren F, Berntsson K, et al (July 2005). "Evidence for different pharmacological targets for imidazoline compounds inhibiting settlement of the barnacle Balanus improvisus". J. Exp. Zoolog. Part A Comp. Exp. Biol. 303 (7): 551–62. doi:10.1002/jez.a.163. PMID 15945078. 


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Adrenergic agonists (models/most important in CAPS)
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Nonselective β
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Epinephrine (α1+2, β1+2) · Norepinephrine (α1+2, β1) · Cirazoline · Etilefrine
Indirect/
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Indirect (presynaptic norepinephrine release): Amphetamine · Tyramine

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