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| Walter H. Schottky | |
.jpg) Walter Hermann Schottky (1886-1976)
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| Born | 23 July 1886 Zürich, Switzerland |
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| Died | 4 March 1976 Pretzfeld, West Germany |
| Residence | Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Fields | Physicist |
| Institutions | University of Jena University of Würzburg University of Rostock Siemens Research Laboratories |
| Alma mater | University of Berlin |
| Doctoral advisor | Max Planck Heinrich Rubens |
| Notable students | Werner Hartmann |
| Known for | Schottky effect Schottky barrier Schottky contact Schottky anomaly Screen-grid vacuum tube Tetrode Ribbon microphone Ribbon loudspeaker Theory of Field emission Shot noise |
| Notable awards | Hughes medal (1936) Werner-von-Siemens-Ring (1964) |
Walter Hermann Schottky (23 July 1886, Zürich, Switzerland – 4 March 1976, Pretzfeld, West Germany) was a German physicist who invented the screen-grid vacuum tube in 1915 and the tetrode in 1919 while working at Siemens. In 1938, Schottky formulated a theory predicting the Schottky effect, now used in Schottky diodes.
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Education
He graduated from the Steglitz Gymnasium, Berlin, Germany in 1904. He obtained his BS in Physics, at the University of Berlin in 1908. He obtained his in PhD Physics at the University of Berlin in 1912 under Max Planck and Heinrich Rubens, with a thesis entitled: Zur relativtheoretischen Energetik und Dynamik.
Career
His postdoctaral period was spent at University of Jena (1912-14). He then lectured at the University of Würzburg (1919-23). He became Professor of Theoretical Physics, University of Rostock (1923-27). For two periods he worked at the Siemens Research laboratories (1914-19, 1927-58).
Awards
He was awarded the Royal Society's Hughes medal in 1936 for his discovery of the Schrot effect (spontaneous current variations in high-vacuum discharge tubes, called by him the "Schrot effect": literally, the "small shot effect") in thermionic emission and his invention of the screen-grid tetrode and a superheterodyne method of receiving wireless signals.
In 1964 he received the Werner-von-Siemens-Ring honoring his ground-breaking work on the physical understanding of many phenomena that led to many important technical appliances, among them tube amplifiers and semiconductors.
Controversy
The invention of superheterodyne is usually attributed to Edwin Armstrong. However, Schottky published an article in Proc. IRE that he had also invented something similar.
- 1939: first p-n junction
Personal life
His father was mathematician Friedrich Hermann Schottky (1851–1935). His wife was Elizabeth and they had one daughter and two sons. His father was appointed professor of mathematics at the University of Zurich in 1882, and he was born 4 years later. The family then moved back to Germany in 1892, where his father took up an appointment at the University of Marburg.
Legacy
Walter Schottky Institute (Germany) was named after him. The Walter H. Schottky prize is named after him.
Books written by Schottky
- Thermodynamik, Julius Springer, Berlin, Germany, 1929.
- Physik der Glühelektroden, Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig, 1928.
See also
External links
- Biography of Walter H. Schottky
- Walter H. Schottky in the German National Library catalogue
- Reinhard W. Serchinger: Walter Schottky – Atomtheoretiker und Elektrotechniker. Sein Leben und Werk bis ins Jahr 1941. Diepholz; Stuttgart; Berlin: GNT-Verlag, 2008.
- Schottky's nndb profile
- Schottky's math genealogy
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 26 November 2008, at 18:51.
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