This MedLibrary.org supplementary page on William Burnside is provided directly from the open source Wikipedia as a service to our readers. Please see the note below on authorship of this content, as well as the Wikipedia usage guidelines. To search for other content from our encyclopedia supplement, please use the form below:
Related Sponsors
William Burnside (July 2, 1852 - August 21, 1927) was an English mathematician. He is known mostly as an early contributor to the theory of finite groups.
Burnside was born in London, and attended St. John's and Pembroke Colleges at the University of Cambridge, where he was Second Wrangler in 1875. He lectured at Cambridge for the following 10 years, before being appointed professor of mathematics at the Royal Naval College in Greenwich. While this was a little outside the main centers of British mathematical research, Burnside remained a very active researcher, publishing more than 150 papers in his career.
Burnside's early work was in applied mathematics. This work was of sufficient distinction to merit his election as a fellow of the Royal Society in 1893, though it is little remembered today. Around the same time as his election his interests turned to the study of finite groups. This was not a widely studied subject in late 19th century Britain, and it took some years for his work in this area to gain widespread recognition.
The central part of Burnside's group theory work was in the area of group representations, where he helped to develop some of the foundational theory, complementing and sometimes competing with the work of Frobenius, who began the subject in the 1890s. One of his best known contributions to group theory is his paqb theorem (which shows that every finite group whose order is divisible by fewer than three distinct primes is solvable).
In 1897 Burnside's classic work Theory of Groups of Finite Order was published. The second edition (published in 1911) was for many decades the standard work in the field. A major difference between the editions was the inclusion of character theory in the second.
Burnside is also remembered for the formulation of Burnside's problem (which concerns the question of bounding the size of a group if there are fixed bounds both on the order of all of its elements and the number of elements needed to generate it) and for Burnside's lemma (a formula relating the number of orbits of a permutation group acting on a set with the number of fixed points of each of its elements) though the latter had been discovered earlier and independently by Frobenius and Cauchy.
In addition to his mathematical work, Burnside was a noted rower; while he was a lecturer at Cambridge he also coached the crew team. In fact, his obituary in The Times took more interest in his athletic career, calling him "one of the best known Cambridge athletes of his day".
See also
External links
- O'Connor, John J. & Robertson, Edmund F., "William Burnside", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
- William Burnside at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
Wikipedia content modification information:
- This page was last modified on 25 August 2008, at 23:32.
Wikipedia Authorship and Review
Wikipedia content provided here is not reviewed directly by MedLibrary.org. Wikipedia content is authored by an open community of volunteers and is not produced by or in any way affiliated with MedLibrary.org.
Wikipedia Usage Guidelines
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article on "William Burnside".
The URL for this specific entry is:
All Wikipedia text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. (See Copyrights for details). Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.