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The X band is part of the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Its frequency range is from 7 to 12.5 GHz. The 10.7-12.5 GHz portion overlaps the Ku band.
The term is also used informally to refer to the extended AM broadcast band.
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Satellite communications
For communications satellites, the standard downlink band (for receiving signals) is from 7.25 to 7.75 GHz, and the uplink band (for sending signals) is from 7.9 to 8.4 GHz. The typical local oscillator frequency of an X band LNB is 6300 MHz.
Radar
The 3-cm radar spot-band ranges roughly from 5.2 to 10.9 GHz.
X band radar has a variety of types. Some of these types are continuous-wave, pulsed, single-pole, dual-pole, SAR, or phased array. X band radar has various uses in civil, military and government institutions; in roles such as weather monitoring, air traffic control, maritime vessel traffic control, defense tracking, and vehicle speed detection for law enforcement.1
X band radar systems have been of great interest in the last few decades. The relative short wavelength at X-band frequencies makes possible high-resolution imaging radars for target identification and target discrimination.
Terrestrial communications and networking
In Ireland, Libya, Saudi Arabia and Canada, the X-band 10.15 to 10.7 segment is used for terrestrial broadband. Alvarian, Cambridge, and Ogier make systems for this, though these are all incompatible. The Ogier system is a full duplex Transverter used for DOCSIS over microwave. The home / Business CPE has a single coax with a power adapter connecting to an ordinary cable modem. The local oscillator is usually 9750 MHz, the same as for Ku-band satellite TV LNB. Two way applications such as broadband typically use a 350 MHz TX offset.
Amateur radio
Many countries allow 10.000 to 10.500 GHz (with often a gap 10.27 to 10.3) for radio amateurs.
Motion detection
Motion detectors often use 10.525 GHz.2 10.4 GHz is proposed for traffic light crossing detectors.
See also
- Cassegrain reflector
- Directional antenna
- XTAR
- Sea-based X-band Radar
- New Horizons#Telecommunications
- Voyager program#Spacecraft design
References
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding reliable references. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2008) |
External links
- http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf
- http://www.g3pho.free-online.co.uk/microwaves/wideband.htm
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