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| Zinc cyanide | |
|---|---|
| Image:Zinc cyanide.jpg | |
| Other names | potassium sulfocyanate potassium isothiocyanate potassium thiocyanide |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 557-21-1 |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | Zn(CN)2 |
| Molar mass | 117.41 g/mol |
| Appearance | off-white powder |
| Density | 1.852 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point |
800 °C (decomposes) |
| Solubility in water | insoluble |
| Hazards | |
| EU classification | not listed |
| NFPA 704 |
 0
4
2
|
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references |
|
Zinc cyanide is the inorganic chemical compound with the formula Zn(CN)2. It adopts a polymeric structure consisting of tetrahedral zinc centers linked by bridging cyanide ligands. The structure can also be described as being two interpenetrating adamantain structures. The cyanide group shows head to tail disorder with any zinc atom having between 1 and 4 carbon neighbours and the remaining being nitrogen atoms. It shows one of the largest negative coefficents of thermal expansion, beating the previous largest zerconium tungstate.
Zn(CN)2 is employed as a catalyst for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes and ketones.1
It is also used to introduce the formyl group in organic synthesis. 2-Hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde has been prepared from 2-naphthol, zinc cyanide, and anhydrous hydrogen chloride.23
Zinc cyanide is also a byproduct of gold extraction were zinc metal is added to the gold cyanide solution to precipitate the gold.
References
- ^ Rasmussen J. K., Heilmann S. M. (1990). "In situ Cyanosilylation of Carbonyl Compounds: O-Trimethylsilyl-4-Methoxymandelonitrile". Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 7: 521, http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/prep.asp?prep=cv7p0521.
- ^ Adams R., Levine I. (1923). "Simplification of the Gattermann Synthesis of Hydroxy Aldehydes". Journal of the American Chemical Society 45: 2373–77. doi:.
- ^ Fuson R. C., Horning E. C., Rowland S. P., Ward M. L. (1955). "Mesitaldehyde". Organic Syntheses, Collected Volume 3: 549, http://www.orgsyn.org/orgsyn/prep.asp?prep=cv3p0549.
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