Our library of drug research abstracts drawn from the medical literature is updated on a regular schedule, and you can be assured that new ovral research articles will be listed here shortly after becoming available to us.
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Medical research on ovral
Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Weight and Body Composition in Young Female Runners.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008 Jul; 40(7): 1205-1212
Procter-Gray E, Cobb KL, Crawford SL, Bachrach LK, Chirra A, Sowers M, Greendale GA, Nieves JW, Kent K, Kelsey JL
PURPOSE:: To examine the effect of oral contraceptives (OC) on body weight, fat mass, percent body fat, and lean mass in young female distance runners. METHODS:: The study population consisted of 150 female competitive distance runners aged 18-26 yr who had participated in a 2-yr randomized trial of the effect of the OC Lo/Ovral (30 mug of ethinyl estradiol and 0.3 mg of norgestrel) on bone health. Weight and body composition were measured approximately yearly by balance beam scales and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. RESULTS:: Women randomized to the OC group tended to gain slightly less weight (adjusted mean difference (AMD) = -0.54 +/- 0.31 kg.yr, P = 0.09) and less fat (AMD = -0.35 +/- 0.25 kg.yr, P = 0.16) than those randomized to the control group. OC assignment was associated with a significant gain in lean mass relative to controls among eumenorrheic women (those who had 10 or more menstrual cycles in the year before baseline; AMD = 0.77 +/- 0.17 kg.yr, P < 0.0001) but not among women with fewer than 10 menstrual cycles in that year (AMD = 0.02 +/- 0.35 kg.yr, P = 0.96). Treatment-received analyses yielded similar results. CONCLUSION:: This randomized trial confirms previous findings that OC use does not cause weight or fat mass gain, at least among young female runners. Our finding that this OC is associated with lean mass gain in eumenorrheic runners, but not in those with irregular menses, warrants examination in other studies.
A clinical study of transdermal contraceptive patch in Thai adolescence women.
J Med Assoc Thai. 2008 Feb; 91(2): 137-41
Piyasirisilp R, Taneepanichskul S
OBJECTIVE: To study cycle control, compliance and safety of a transdermal contraceptive patch in adolescent Thai women. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Fifty-eight healthy women were assigned to receive 3 cycles of contraceptive patch (ethinyl estradiol 20 microg and norelgestromin 150 microg/day). All participants aged 16-20 years were invited to participate from the family planning clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital. Data were collected on adverse effects, perceived advantages and disadvantages, body weight, blood pressure, patch detachments and compliance. Data were analyzed using mean, percentage and student's t-test. RESULTS: The participants' average age was 19.4 years, height 158.8 cm, weight 51.8 kg, BMI 20.8 Kg/m2. The most location of patch application was the abdomen and the most adverse event was breast tenderness (31.0%) followed by application site reaction, nausea vomiting and headache respectively. The breast symptom was mild in severity. The participants reported decrease in dysmenorrhea and shorter duration of bleeding. There were no significant changes in body weight and blood pressure. The improvement of their facial acne was reported. There were no pregnancies during use and the adhesion of the contraceptive patch is excellent. Partial patch detachment was reported in only 6.9%. No completed patch detachment was found. CONCLUSION: The present study found an overall positive impression of a new transdermal contraceptive patch. The good compliance and few side effects were demonstrated. The adhesive patch contraceptive was excellent.
J Thromb Haemost. 2008 Feb; 6(2): 346-51
van Vliet HA, Bertina RM, Dahm AE, Rosendaal FR, Rosing J, Sandset PM, Helmerhorst FM
BACKGROUND: Oral contraceptives (OC) containing different types of progestogens induce different sensitivities to activated protein C (APC) measured with the thrombin generation-based APC-resistance test. These differences in APC resistance may be the biological explanation for the differences in thrombotic risk of the various pills. The mechanistic basis of APC resistance observed in OC users is unknown. Our objective was to study the effect of OC on the two main determinants of the APC-resistance test, free protein S and free tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). PATIENTS/METHODS: We measured free protein S and free TFPI in 156 users of various types of OC. RESULTS: Users of desogestrel-containing OC, known to double the risk of thrombosis compared with levonorgestrel-containing OC, had lower free protein S (24 vs. 33 U dL(-1)) and TFPI free antigen (2.9 vs. 3.6 ng mL(-1)) levels than users of OC containing levonorgestrel. Women using cyproterone acetate-containing OC, known to confer a high thrombotic risk, had the lowest free protein S (19 U dL(-1)) and free TPFI antigen (2.5 ng mL(-1)) levels. Users of OC containing drospirenone had lower free protein S (23 U dL(-1)) and TFPI antigen levels (3.2 ng mL(-1)) than users of levonorgestrel-containing OC. Low free protein S and low free TFPI antigen levels were associated with an increased resistance to APC, an established risk factor for thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS: This study observed that the differences in APC resistance induced by OC containing different progestogens can at least in part be explained by different effects of OC on free protein S and TFPI.
Contraceptive, cerebral vein thrombosis and choked discs.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul-Aug; 17(4): 669-70
Reddy AR, Backhouse OC
PURPOSE: To raise awareness of the importance of prompt and appropriate imaging in patients presenting with signs and symptoms suggestive of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. METHODS: Case report with diagnostic tests and discussion of management options. RESULTS: A 15-year-old girl presenting with bilateral optic disc swelling was noted to have extensive thrombosis of intracerebral venous sinuses with the clot extending along the internal jugular vein as inferior as the root of the neck demonstrable on magnetic resonance venography. CONCLUSIONS: Ophthalmologists should be vigilant in obtaining appropriate imaging in cases of optic disc swelling.
Lybrel--a continuous oral contraceptive.
Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Jul 30; 49(1266): 61-2
[Hormonal contraception and cervix of the uterus pathology]
Georgian Med News. 2007 Apr; 21-5
Dzhangidze A, Dznugeli MG, Museridze NG, Zakaraia LK
The effect of hormonal contraception on cervix of the uterus of young nullipara women with ectopia was investigated. Cohort study was carried out by using simple blind method. By means of statistical data manipulation correlation between the application of hormonal contraceptives and changes of colposcopy pictures in the zone of pathology was displayed. Excluton showed low percent anomalous colpscopy picture in pathology zone. Excluton was declared as medicine of choice for nullipara women with ectopia. Still it is necessary to conduct a strong dynamic control of cervix of the uterus (colposcopy and pap-smear test) in order to avoid complications.
Pseudocyesis in a teenager using long-term contraception.
J Obstet Gynaecol. 2007 Apr; 27(3): 322-3
Ayakannu T, Wordsworth S, Smith R, Raghunandan R, Vine S
[Ectopia of cervix of the uterus and hormonal contraception]
Georgian Med News. 2006 Dec; 21-6
Jangidze M, Museridze N, Zakaraia L
The aim of the study was the investigation of impact of different hormonal contraceptive drugs on cervix of uterus of young nullipara women with ectopia. Cytologic smears were examined using Pappanikolau method. Cohort study was carried out by using simple blind method. The data were treated by statistics packet (SPSS). The results displayed correlation between taking the hormonal contraceptives Rigevidon and Marvelon and in transformation of ectopia into micro glandular hyperplasia, which did not occur in taking medicine Exluton. Drug Exluton is recommended for young nullipara women with ectopia to exclude micro glandular hyperplasia. In case of prescribing monophase contraceptives for young nullipara women with ectopia cytological control of endo- and exo-cervix is recommended.
J Adolesc Health. 2006 Dec; 39(6): 819-27
Strokosch GR, Friedman AJ, Wu SC, Kamin M
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of an oral contraceptive (OC) on bone mineral density (BMD) in adolescent females with anorexia nervosa (AN) or eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). METHODS: Females 11-17 years of age with AN or EDNOS entered the study. Subjects were randomized equally to treatment with a triphasic OC containing norgestimate (NGM) 180-250 microg and ethinyl estradiol (EE) 35 microg or placebo for 13 28-day cycles. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry scans (DXA) of the lumbosacral spine (LS) and hip were obtained at baseline and after 6 and 13 cycles. RESULTS: Demographic characteristics of the 112 subjects (NGM/EE 53; Placebo 59) who received study drug and had at least one on-treatment DXA were similar between groups for age (mean: 15 years in each group) and body mass index (mean: NGM/EE 17.9 kg/m2; Placebo 17.6 kg/m2). At the end of Cycle 6, there was a significant increase in the mean LS BMD in the NGM/EE group compared with placebo (.020 g/cm2 vs. .008 g/cm2; p = .021); however, at the end of Cycle 13 the mean increase in LS BMD in the NGM/EE group compared with placebo was no longer significant (.026 g/cm2 vs. .019 g/cm2, p = .244). There was no significant difference in change in hip BMD between groups. The incidence of adverse events was similar between groups. CONCLUSIONS: In a group of adolescent females with AN or EDNOS, treatment with a triphasic OC for 13 cycles did not have a statistically significant effect on LS or hip BMD.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Jul; 195(1): 92-6
Anderson FD, Gibbons W, Portman D
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the long-term safety of Seasonale, 91-day extended-cycle oral contraceptive (OC). STUDY DESIGN: Following completion of a 1-year Phase 3 multicenter trial, patients from selected centers were invited to participate in this 2-year extension trial. In this open-label study all participants received the 91-day extended-regimen OC, Seasonale. RESULTS: There were 189 study participants enrolled from 27 sites. Patient exposure included 1130 completed 91-day cycles. Overall rates of study discontinuation and the incidence of adverse events were similar to the earlier Phase 3 clinical trial. Seasonale was well tolerated and the number of reported bleeding and/or spotting days reported diminished during the course of the study. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the findings from the previous clinical trial and demonstrates that Seasonale is a safe and effective therapy for long-term use.