Our library of drug research abstracts drawn from the medical literature is updated on a regular schedule, and you can be assured that new tapazole research articles will be listed here shortly after becoming available to us.
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Medical research on tapazole
A novel use of methimazole to ameliorate reperfusion injury.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2008 Jun 28;
Namazi H
Neurobiol Dis. 2008 Jun 4;
Vallortigara J, Alfos S, Micheau J, Higueret P, Enderlin V
Adult-onset hypothyroidism is associated with neurological changes such as cognitive dysfunction and impaired learning, which may be related to alterations of synaptic plasticity. We investigate the consequence of adult-onset hypothyroidism on thyroid-mediated transcription events in striatal synaptic plasticity, and the effect of triiodothyronine (T3) replacement. We used hypothyroid mice, treated with propylthiouracil (PTU) and methimazole (MMI), with or without subsequent administration of T3. We evaluated the amount of T3 nuclear receptors (TRalpha1, TRbeta) and striatal plasticity indicators: neurogranin (RC3), Ras homolog enriched in striatum (Rhes), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII), and dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32). In addition, we assessed hypothyroid mice motor behavior as related to striatum synaptic functions. Hypothyroid mice exhibited significantly reduced TRbeta, RC3 and Rhes expression. T3 administration reversed the expression of TRbeta, RC3, and up-regulated CaMKII levels as well as motor behavior, and decreased DARPP-32 protein phosphorylation. We suggest that thyroid hormone modulation had a major impact on striatal synaptic plasticity of adult mice which produced in turn motor behavior modifications.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Jun 26;
Hamerschlak N, Maluf E, Biasi Cavalcanti A, Avezum Júnior A, Eluf-Neto J, Passeto Falcão R, Lorand-Metze IG, Goldenberg D, Leite Santana C, de Oliveira Werneck Rodrigues D, Nascimento da Motta Passos L, Oliveira de Miranda Coelho E, Tostes Pintão MC, Moraes de Souza H, Borbolla JR, Pasquini R
PURPOSE: LATIN is a multinational case-control study designed to identify risk factors for agranulocytosis and to estimate the incidence rate of the disease in some Latin American countries. METHODS: Each study site in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico conducted an active search of agranulocytosis patients in hematology clinics and looked for possible associations with drug use. RESULTS: The overall incidence rate was 0.38 cases per 1 million inhabitant-years. Agranulocytosis patients more often took medications already associated with agranulocytosis than controls (p = 0.01), mainly methimazole (OR 44.2, 95% CI 6.8 to infinity). The population attributable risk percentage (etiologic fraction) was 56%. The use of nutrient supplements was more frequent among patients than controls (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Agranulocytosis seems to be very rare in Latin America. The lower than expected number of cases identified during the study period precluded estimation of the risk associated to individual drugs, with the exception of methimazol. However, this is the longest series of agranulocytosis cases ever gathered in Latin America, and information on drug exposures was collected prospectively. The conclusion is that drug-induced agranulocytosis does not seem to be a major public health problem in the study regions.
[Novel treatment of Graves' disease using the B-lymphocyte depleting agent rituximab]
Ugeskr Laeger. 2008 Jun 9; 170(24): 2131-4
Nielsen CH, El Fassi D, Hegedüs L
Graves' disease (GD) is caused by autoantibodies to the thyrotropin receptor (TRAb). In a controlled study using the B-lymphocyte depleting agent rituximab (RTX), an RTX-specific effect was found on long-term remission following methimazole (MMI) therapy. However, benefits were limited to patients with low baseline TRAb levels, and the decrease in TRAb levels observed after treatment with RTX in combination with MMI was no greater than that observed after treatment with MMI alone. Considering its price and adverse effect profile, RTX therapy does not seem to be a relevant treatment option in uncomplicated GD. The potential use of other immunomodulatory agents in GD is discussed.
Maximum acute exercise tolerance in hyperthyroid and hypothyroid rats subjected to forced swimming.
Horm Metab Res. 2008 Apr; 40(4): 276-80
Casimiro-Lopes G, Alves SB, Salerno VP, Passos MC, Lisboa PC, Moura EG
Thyroid dysfunction can compromise physical capacity. Here, we analyze the effects of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism on maximum swim time in rats subjected to acute forced swimming, as an indicator of anaerobic capacity. Animals were forced to swim against a load (5% of body weight) attached to the tail and were killed 48 hours after the last test. Hyperthyroid rats were treated with thyroxine (50 mug/100 g body weight, i. p. for 7 days). The hypothyroid group received 0.03% methimazole in the drinking water for 4 weeks. Thyroid state was confirmed by alterations in serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and liver mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (mGPD) activity. Hyperthyroid rats presented significantly lower visceral fat mass (VFM) and higher food intake (p
J Med Chem. 2008 Jul 10; 51(13): 4050-3
Isaia F, Aragoni MC, Arca M, Demartin F, Devillanova FA, Floris G, Garau A, Hursthouse MB, Lippolis V, Medda R, Oppo F, Pira M, Verani G
The antithyroid drug methimazole (MMI) reacts with molecular iodine to form, in a multistep process, 1-methylimidazole as final product. In this process, the charge transfer complex MMI-I 2 and the ionic disulfide [(C 4H 6N 2S-) 2] (2+) ( 1, dication MMI disulfide) have been isolated and their X-ray crystal structures solved. Dication MMI disulfide perchlorate acts effectively both in reducing I 2 to I (-) ions and in showing antioxidant properties in inactivating the enzyme lactoperoxidase compound I.
South Med J. 2008 Jun; 101(6): 665
Jabr FI
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2008 Jun 15; 869(1-2): 67-74
Zakrzewski R
The iodine-azide detection system to determine methimazole following its separation by RP-HPLC is described in this paper. The reaction between iodine and azide ions induced by methimazole was applied as a post-column reaction detection system. Neither extraction nor preconcentration of the sample was necessary. The methimazole standards added to normal urine show that the response of the detector, set at 350nm (corresponding to unreacted iodine in the post-column iodine-azide reaction), was linear within the concentration range 2-10nmol/mL of urine. The relative standard deviation values for precision and recovery within the calibration range were from 0.3 to 3.2% and from 97 to 102%, respectively. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) were 1 and 2nmol/mL of urine, respectively. The method was applied to the separation and determination of patient urine samples and the analytical results were satisfactory.
Methimazole-triggered lymphadenomegaly in a hyperthyroid cat?
J Small Anim Pract. 2008 Jun; 49(6): 319
Giannoulopoulos G
Arq Bras Endocrinol Metabol. 2008 Apr; 52(3): 556-61
Sallum AC, Leonhardt FD, Cervantes O, Abrahão M, Yazaki RK
INTRODUCTION: McCune-Albright syndrome is a sporadic disease clinicaly characterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, "café-au-lait" cutaneous spots and hyperfunctional endocrinopathies, such as precocious puberty, hyperthyroidism, acromegaly and others. The biologic physiopathology of the disease is based on an activating mutation of the gene for the Gs protein which mediates the activation of adenyl cyclase and subsequent gland autonomous secretion. The thyroid gland is usually involved in this disease, being hyperthyroidism the second most common endocrinopathy seen after precocious puberty. OBJECTIVE: Revision of the literature since 1937 to 1997, adding our casuistic and discussing the adequate treatment for the hyperthyroidism in the syndrome. RESULTS: Among 85 cases identified with the syndrome, hyperthyroidism treatment was described in 26 of them. Fifteen were submitted to surgery (total thyroidectomy), 6 were submitted to iodotherapy and 5 were treated with antithyroid drugs (ATD - propylthiouracil, carbimazole or methimazole). In some cases, treatment association was done. CONCLUSION: McCune-Albright syndrome is a rare disease, combining polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, "café-au-lait" cutaneous spots and hyperfunctional endocrinopathies. Cases with hyperthyroidism are treated initially clinically, but definitive ablation with surgery or radioiodine treatment is the most indicated option.