Acetazolamide (Page 2 of 2)
OVERDOSAGE
No data are available regarding acetazolamide overdosage in humans as no cases of acute poisoning with this drug have been reported. Animal data suggest that acetazolamide is remarkably nontoxic. No specific antidote is known. Treatment should be symptomatic and supportive
Electrolyte imbalance, development of an acidotic state, and central nervous effects might be expected to occur. Serum electrolyte levels (particularly potassium) and blood pH levels should be monitored
Supportive measures are required to restore electrolyte and pH balance. The acidotic state can usually be corrected by the administration of bicarbonate
Despite its high intraerythrocytic distribution and plasma protein binding properties, acetazolamide may be dialyzable. This may be particularly important in the management of acetazolamide overdosage when complicated by the presence of renal failure.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Acetazolamide should be used as an adjunct to theusual therapy. The dosage employed in the treatment of chronic simple(open-angle) glaucoma ranges from 250 mg to 1 g of acetazolamide per 24hours, usually in divided doses for amounts over 250 mg. It has usually beenfound that a dosage in excess of 1 g per 24 hours does not produce an increased effect. In all cases, the dosage should be adjusted with careful individual attention both to symptomatology and ocular tension. Continuous supervision by a physician is advisable.
In treatment of secondary glaucoma and in the preoperative treatment of some cases of acute congestive (closed-angle) glaucoma , the preferred dosage is 250 mg every four hours, although some cases have responded to 250 mg twice daily on short-term therapy. In some acute cases, it may be more satisfactory to administer an intial dose of 500 mg followed by 125 mg or 250 mg every four hours depending on the individual case. A complementary effect has been noted when acetazolamide has been used in conjuction with miotics or mydriatics as the case demanded
Epilepsy
It is not clearly known whether the beneficial effects observed in epilepsy are due to direct inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the central nervous system or whether they are due to the slight degree of acidosis produced by the divided dosage. The best results to date have been seen in petit mal in children.Good results, however, have been seen in patients, both children and adult, in other types of seizures such as grand mal, mixed seizure patterns, myoclonic jerk patterns, etc. The suggested total daily dose is 8 to 30 mg per kg in divided doses. Although some patients respond to a low dose, the optimum range appears to be from 375 to 1000 mg daily. However, some investigators feel that daily doses in excess of 1 g do not produce any better results than a 1 g dose.When acetazolamide tablets are given in combination with other anticonvulsants, it is suggested that the starting dose should be 250 mg once daily in addition to the existing medications. This can be increased to levels as indicated above
The change from other medications to acetazolamide should be gradual and in accordance with usual practice in epilepsy therapy
Congestive Heart Failure
For diuresis in congestive heart failure, the starting dose is usually 250 to 375 mg once daily in the morning (5 mg/kg). If, after an initial response, the patient fails to continue to lose edema fluid, do not increase the dose but allow for kidney recovery by skipping medication for a day
Acetazolamide tablets yield best diuretic results when given on alternate days, or for two days alternating with a day of rest
Failures in therapy may be due to overdosage or too frequent dosage. The use of acetazolamide does not eliminate the need for other therapy such as digitalis, bed rest, and salt restriction
Drug-Induced Edema
Recommended dosage is 250 to 375 mg of acetazolamide once a day for one or two days, alternating with a day of rest
Acute Mountain Sickness
Dosage is 500 mg to 1000 mg daily, in divided doses. In circumstances of rapid ascent, such as in rescue or military operations, the higher dose level of 1000 mg is recommended. It is preferable to initiate dosing 24 to 48 hours before ascent and to continue for 48 hours while at high altitude, or longer as necessary to control symptoms
Note: The dosage recommendations for glaucoma and epilepsy differ considerably from those for congestive heart failure, since the first two conditions are not dependent upon carbonic anhydrase inhibition in the kidney which requires intermittent dosage if it is to recover from the inhibitory effect of the therapeutic agent.
HOW SUPPLIED
Acetazolamide Tablets USP are supplied as follows:
125 mg – White to off white, round, flat, uncoated tablet, debossed as “S;571” on one side and scored in half on other side
NDC 72789-045-06 — Bottle of 6
NDC 72789-045-12 — Bottle of 12
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]
PACKAGE LABEL.PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
AcetaZOLAMIDE
Tablets, USP
125 mg
Rx only
| ACETAZOLAMIDE acetazolamide tablet | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Labeler — PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (156893695) |
| Registrant — PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (156893695) |
| Establishment | |||
| Name | Address | ID/FEI | Operations |
| PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | 156893695 | repack (72789-045) | |
Revised: 03/2022 PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
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