Amlodipine Besylate (Page 4 of 5)

14.2 Effects in Chronic Stable Angina

The effectiveness of 5 to 10 mg/day of amlodipine besylate tablets in exercise-induced angina has been evaluated in 8 placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trials of up to 6 weeks duration involving 1038 patients (684 amlodipine besylate tablets, 354 placebo) with chronic stable angina. In 5 of the 8 studies, significant increases in exercise time (bicycle or treadmill) were seen with the 10 mg dose. Increases in symptom-limited exercise time averaged 12.8% (63 sec) for amlodipine besylate tablets 10 mg, and averaged 7.9% (38 sec) for amlodipine besylate tablets 5 mg. amlodipine besylate tablets 10 mg also increased time to 1 mm ST segment deviation in several studies and decreased angina attack rate. The sustained efficacy of amlodipine besylate tablets in angina patients has been demonstrated over long-term dosing. In patients with angina, there were no clinically significant reductions in blood pressures (4/1 mmHg) or changes in heart rate (+0.3 bpm).

14.3 Effects in Vasospastic Angina

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 4 weeks duration in 50 patients, amlodipine besylate tablet therapy decreased attacks by approximately 4/week compared with a placebo decrease of approximately 1/week (p<0.01). Two of 23 amlodipine besylate tablets and 7 of 27 placebo patients discontinued from the study due to lack of clinical improvement.

14.4 Effects in Documented Coronary Artery Disease

In PREVENT, 825 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease were randomized to amlodipine besylate tablets (5 to 10 mg once daily) or placebo and followed for 3 years. Although the study did not show significance on the primary objective of change in coronary luminal diameter as assessed by quantitative coronary angiography, the data suggested a favorable outcome with respect to fewer hospitalizations for angina and revascularization procedures in patients with CAD.

CAMELOT enrolled 1318 patients with CAD recently documented by angiography, without left main coronary disease and without heart failure or an ejection fraction <40%. Patients (76% males, 89% Caucasian, 93% enrolled at US sites, 89% with a history of angina, 52% without PCI, 4% with PCI and no stent, and 44% with a stent) were randomized to double-blind treatment with either amlodipine besylate tablets (5 to 10 mg once daily) or placebo in addition to standard care that included aspirin (89%), statins (83%), beta-blockers (74%), nitroglycerin (50%), anti-coagulants (40%), and diuretics (32%), but excluded other calcium channel blockers. The mean duration of follow-up was 19 months. The primary endpoint was the time to first occurrence of one of the following events: hospitalization for angina pectoris, coronary revascularization, myocardial infarction, cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, hospitalization for heart failure, stroke/TIA, or peripheral vascular disease. A total of 110 (16.6%) and 151 (23.1%) first events occurred in the amlodipine besylate tablets and placebo groups, respectively, for a hazard ratio of 0.691 (95% CI: 0.540 to 0.884, p = 0.003). The primary endpoint is summarized in Figure 1 below. The outcome of this study was largely derived from the prevention of hospitalizations for angina and the prevention of revascularization procedures (see Table 1). Effects in various subgroups are shown in Figure 2.

In an angiographic substudy (n= 274) conducted within CAMELOT, there was no significant difference between amlodipine and placebo on the change of atheroma volume in the coronary artery as assessed by intravascular ultrasound.
Figure 1 — Kaplan-Meier Analysis of Composite Clinical Outcomes for amlodipine versus Placebo

fig1
(click image for full-size original)

Figure 2 – Effects on Primary Endpoint of amlodipine versus Placebo across Sub-Groups
fig2
(click image for full-size original)

Table 1 below summarizes the significant composite endpoint and clinical outcomes from the composites of the primary endpoint. The other components of the primary endpoint including cardiovascular death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, hospitalization for heart failure, stroke/TIA, or peripheral vascular disease did not demonstrate a significant difference between amlodipine and placebo.

Table 1 Incidence of Significant Clinical Outcomes for CAMELOT
Clinical OutcomesN (%)Amlodipine (N=663)Placebo(N=655)Risk Reduction(p-value)
* Total patients with these events
Composite CV Endpoint 110 (16.6) 151 (23.1) 31% (0.003)
Hospitalization for Angina*51(7.7)84(12.8)42%(0.002)
Coronary Revascularization*78(11.8)103(15.7)27%(0.033)

14.5 Studies in Patients with Heart Failure

Amlodipine besylate tablets have been compared to placebo in four 8 to 12 week studies of patients with NYHA Class II/III heart failure, involving a total of 697 patients. In these studies, there was no evidence of worsened heart failure based on measures of exercise tolerance, NYHA classification, symptoms, or left ventricular ejection fraction. In a long-term (follow-up at least 6 months, mean 13.8 months) placebo-controlled mortality/morbidity study of amlodipine besylate tablets 5-10 mg in 1153 patients with NYHA Classes III (n=931) or IV (n=222) heart failure on stable doses of diuretics, digoxin, and ACE inhibitors, amlodipine had no effect on the primary endpoint of the study which was the combined endpoint of all-cause mortality and cardiac morbidity (as defined by life-threatening arrhythmia, acute myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for worsened heart failure), or on NYHA classification, or symptoms of heart failure. Total combined all-cause mortality and cardiac morbidity events were 222/571 (39%) for patients on amlodipine besylate tablets and 246/583 (42%) for patients on placebo; the cardiac morbid events represented about 25% of the endpoints in the study.

Another study (PRAISE-2) randomized patients with NYHA Class III (80%) or IV (20%) heart failure without clinical symptoms or objective evidence of underlying ischemic disease, on stable doses of ACE inhibitors (99%), digitalis (99%), and diuretics (99%), to placebo (n= 827) or amlodipine besylate tablets (n= 827) and followed them for a mean of 33 months. There was no statistically significant difference between amlodipine besylate tablets and placebo in the primary endpoint of all-cause mortality (95% confidence limits from 8% reduction to 29% increase on amlodipine). With amlodipine besylate tablets there were more reports of pulmonary edema.

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

2.5 mg Tablets

Amlodipine besylate-2.5 mg Tablets (amlodipine besylate, USP equivalent to 2.5 mg of amlodipine per tablet) are supplied as white, round, flat faced beveled edged tablets debossed with IG on one side and 237 on the other and supplied as follows:

NDC 76282-237-90 Bottle of 90
NDC 76282-237-05 Bottle of 500
NDC 76282-237-10 Bottle of 1000

5 mg Tablets

Amlodipine besylate-5 mg Tablets (amlodipine besylate, USP equivalent to 5 mg of amlodipine per tablet) are supplied as white, round, flat faced beveled edged tablets debossed with IG on one side and 238 on the other and supplied as follows:

NDC 76282-238-90 Bottle of 90
NDC 76282-238-05 Bottle of 500
NDC 76282-238-10 Bottle of 1000

10 mg Tablets

Amlodipine besylate-10 mg Tablets (amlodipine besylate, USP equivalent to 10 mg of amlodipine per tablet) are supplied as white, round, flat faced beveled edged tablets debossed with IG on one side and 239 on the other and supplied as follows:

NDC 76282-239-90 Bottle of 90
NDC 76282-239-05 Bottle of 500
NDC 76282-239-10 Bottle of 1000

Storage

Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Dispense in tight, light-resistant containers (USP).

Revised: 06/2020

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