Arranon (Page 2 of 6)
5.6 Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines
Patients treated with ARRANON may experience somnolence during and for several days after treatment [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Advise patients to refrain from driving or engaging in hazardous occupations or activities until somnolence has resolved.
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS
The following clinically-significant adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the label:
- Neurologic [see Boxed Warning , Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Hematologic [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
- Tumor Lysis Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]
- Effects on Ability to Drive and Use Machines [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
Relapsed or Refractory T-ALL and T-LBL
ARRANON was studied in 459 patients in Phase I and Phase II clinical trials.
Adult Patient: The safety profile of ARRANON is based on data from 103 adult patients treated with the recommended dose and schedule in 2 studies: an adult T-ALL/T-cell T-LBL trial and an adult chronic lymphocytic leukemia trial.
The most common adverse reactions in adults were fatigue; gastrointestinal disorders (nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, and constipation); hematologic disorders (anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia); respiratory disorders (cough and dyspnea); nervous system disorders (somnolence and dizziness); and pyrexia.
The most common adverse reactions in adults by Body System, including severe or life-threatening adverse reactions (NCI CTCAE Grade 3 or Grade 4) and fatal adverse reactions (Grade 5) are shown in Table 1.
Abbreviation: AST, aspartate transaminase.a Five (5) patients had a fatal adverse reaction. Fatal adverse reactions included hypotension (n = 1), respiratory arrest (n = 1), pleural effusion/pneumothorax (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 1), and cerebral hemorrhage/coma/leukoencephalopathy (n = 1). | |||
Percentage of Patients (N = 103) | |||
Toxicity Grade | |||
Body System | Grade 3 | Grades 4 and 5 a | All Grades |
Adverse Reaction | % | % | % |
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders | |||
Anemia | 20 | 14 | 99 |
Thrombocytopenia | 37 | 22 | 86 |
Neutropenia | 14 | 49 | 81 |
Febrile neutropenia | 9 | 1 | 12 |
Cardiac Disorders | |||
Sinus tachycardia | 1 | 0 | 8 |
Gastrointestinal Disorders | |||
Nausea | 0 | 0 | 41 |
Diarrhea | 1 | 0 | 22 |
Vomiting | 1 | 0 | 22 |
Constipation | 1 | 0 | 21 |
Abdominal pain | 1 | 0 | 9 |
Stomatitis | 1 | 0 | 8 |
Abdominal distension | 0 | 0 | 6 |
General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions | |||
Fatigue | 10 | 2 | 50 |
Pyrexia | 5 | 0 | 23 |
Asthenia | 0 | 1 | 17 |
Edema, peripheral | 0 | 0 | 15 |
Edema | 0 | 0 | 11 |
Pain | 3 | 0 | 11 |
Rigors | 0 | 0 | 8 |
Gait, abnormal | 0 | 0 | 6 |
Chest pain | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Noncardiac chest pain | 0 | 1 | 5 |
Infections | |||
Infection | 2 | 1 | 9 |
Pneumonia | 4 | 1 | 8 |
Sinusitis | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Hepatobiliary Disorders | |||
AST increased | 1 | 1 | 6 |
Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders | |||
Anorexia | 0 | 0 | 9 |
Dehydration | 3 | 1 | 7 |
Hyperglycemia | 1 | 0 | 6 |
Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders | |||
Myalgia | 1 | 0 | 13 |
Arthralgia | 1 | 0 | 9 |
Back pain | 0 | 0 | 8 |
Muscular weakness | 5 | 0 | 8 |
Pain in extremity | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Nervous System Disorders (see Table 2) | |||
Psychiatric Disorders | |||
Confusional state | 2 | 0 | 8 |
Insomnia | 0 | 0 | 7 |
Depression | 1 | 0 | 6 |
Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders | |||
Cough | 0 | 0 | 25 |
Dyspnea | 4 | 2 | 20 |
Pleural effusion | 5 | 1 | 10 |
Epistaxis | 0 | 0 | 8 |
Dyspnea, exertional | 0 | 0 | 7 |
Wheezing | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Vascular Disorders | |||
Petechiae | 2 | 0 | 12 |
Hypotension | 1 | 1 | 8 |
Other Adverse Reactions: Blurred vision was also reported in 4% of adult patients.
There was a single report of biopsy-confirmed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the adult patient population.
Neurologic Adverse Reactions: Nervous system adverse reactions, were reported for 76% of adult patients across the Phase I and Phase II trials. The most common neurologic adverse reactions (≥ 2%) in adult patients including all grades (NCI CTCAE) are shown in Table 2.
Percentage of Patients (N =103) | |||||
Nervous System Disorders | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 | All Grades |
Adverse Reaction | % | % | % | % | % |
Somnolence | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 23 |
Dizziness | 14 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 21 |
Peripheral neurologic disorders, any adverse reaction | 8 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 21 |
Neuropathy | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Peripheral neuropathy | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
Peripheral motor neuropathy | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 7 |
Peripheral sensory neuropathy | 7 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
Hypoesthesia | 5 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 17 |
Headache | 11 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 15 |
Paresthesia | 11 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 15 |
Ataxia | 1 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 9 |
Depressed level of consciousness | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
Tremor | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
Amnesia | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Dysgeusia | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Balance disorder | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Sensory loss | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
One patient had a fatal neurologic adverse reaction, cerebral hemorrhage/coma/leukoencephalopathy.
Most nervous system adverse reactions in the adult patients were evaluated as Grade 1 or 2. The additional Grade 3 adverse reactions in adult patients, were aphasia, convulsion, hemiparesis, and loss of consciousness, each reported in 1 patient (1%). The additional Grade 4 adverse reactions were cerebral hemorrhage, coma, intracranial hemorrhage, leukoencephalopathy, and metabolic encephalopathy, each reported in one patient (1%).
The other neurologic adverse reactions reported as Grade 1, 2, or unknown in adult patients were abnormal coordination, burning sensation, disturbance in attention, dysarthria, hyporeflexia, neuropathic pain, nystagmus, peroneal nerve palsy, sciatica, sensory disturbance, sinus headache, and speech disorder, each reported in one patient (1%).
Pediatric Patient: The safety profile for children is based on data from 84 pediatric patients treated with the recommended dose and schedule in a T-ALL/T-LBL treatment trial.
The most common adverse reactions in pediatric patients were hematologic disorders (anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia). Of the non-hematologic adverse reactions in pediatric patients, the most frequent adverse reactions reported were headache, increased transaminase levels, decreased blood potassium, decreased blood albumin, increased blood bilirubin, and vomiting.
The most common adverse reactions in pediatric patients by System Organ Class including severe or life threatening adverse reactions (NCI CTCAE Grade 3 or Grade 4) and fatal adverse reactions (Grade 5) are shown in Table 3.
a Three (3) patients had a fatal adverse reaction. Fatal adverse reactions included neutropenia and pyrexia (n = 1), status epilepticus/seizure (n = 1), and fungal pneumonia (n = 1). | |||
Percentage of Patients ( N = 84 ) | |||
Toxicity Grade | |||
Body System | Grade 3 | Grade 4 and 5 a | All Grades |
Adverse Reaction | % | % | % |
Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders | |||
Anemia | 45 | 10 | 95 |
Neutropenia | 17 | 62 | 94 |
Thrombocytopenia | 27 | 32 | 88 |
Leukopenia | 14 | 7 | 38 |
Hepatobiliary Disorders | |||
Transaminases increased | 4 | 0 | 12 |
Blood albumin decreased | 5 | 1 | 10 |
Blood bilirubin increased | 7 | 2 | 10 |
Metabolic/Laboratory | |||
Blood potassium decreased | 4 | 2 | 11 |
Blood calcium decreased | 1 | 1 | 8 |
Blood creatinine increased | 0 | 0 | 6 |
Blood glucose decreased | 4 | 0 | 6 |
Blood magnesium decreased | 2 | 0 | 6 |
Nervous System Disorders (see Table 4) | |||
Gastrointestinal Disorders | |||
Vomiting | 0 | 0 | 10 |
General Disorders & Administration Site Conditions | |||
Asthenia | 1 | 0 | 6 |
Infections & Infestations | |||
Infection | 2 | 1 | 5 |
Neurologic Adverse Reactions: Nervous system adverse reactions were reported for 42% of pediatric patients across the Phase I and Phase II trials. The most common neurologic adverse reactions (≥ 2%) in pediatric patients including all grades (NCI CTCAE) are shown in Table 4.
a One (1) patient had a fatal neurologic adverse reaction, status epilepticus. | |||||
Percentage of Patients ( N = 84 ) | |||||
Nervous System Disorders | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3 | Grade 4 and 5 a | All Grades |
Adverse Reaction | % | % | % | % | % |
Headache | 8 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 17 |
Peripheral neurologic disorders, any adverse reaction | 1 | 4 | 7 | 0 | 12 |
Peripheral neuropathy | 0 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
Peripheral motor neuropathy | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 |
Peripheral sensory neuropathy | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 6 |
Somnolence | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Hypoesthesia | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
Seizures | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 6 |
Convulsions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
Grand mal convulsions | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Status epilepticus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Motor dysfunction | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
Nervous system disorder | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Paresthesia | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
Tremor | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Ataxia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
The other Grade 3 neurologic adverse reaction in pediatric patients was hypertonia reported in 1 patient (1%). The additional Grade 4 neurologic adverse reactions, were third nerve paralysis, and sixth nerve paralysis, each reported in 1 patient (1%).
The other neurologic adverse reactions reported as Grade 1, 2, or unknown in pediatric patients were dysarthria, encephalopathy, hydrocephalus, hyporeflexia, lethargy, mental impairment, paralysis, and sensory loss, each reported in 1 patient (1%).
ARRANON in Combination with Multi-Agent Chemotherapy in T-ALL and T-LBL
ARRANON was studied in combination with multi-agent chemotherapy in a randomized clinical trial [NCT00408005]. The safety population in this trial included 804 patients with newly-diagnosed T-ALL (85%) or T-LBL (15%) treated with (n = 411) or without (n =393) ARRANON in combination with the augmented Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster chemotherapy regimen (aBFM) after initial induction therapy. Patients assigned to ARRANON received 650 mg/m2 intravenously over 1 hour daily for 5 consecutive days, during consolidation Days 1 to 5 and 43 to 47, delayed intensification Days 29 to 33, and during the initial 3 courses of maintenance Days 29 to 33. The median age on enrollment was 9.5 years (range: 1-29), the majority of patients were male (73%) and white (69%). Sixty-five percent of patients assigned to the ARRANON arms received at least 85% of the planned dose through the third course of maintenance therapy compared to 79% of patients on the control arms who received 3 courses of maintenance therapy.
There was one fatal neurological adverse reaction in the ARRANON arm. The incidence of the following Grades 3 and 4 adverse reactions were higher in the ARRANON treated arms compared to the control arms: abnormal transaminases, motor and sensory neuropathy, nausea and vomiting, and dehydration. The incidence of seizures of any grade was 3% (14 of 411). Rhabdomyolysis was diagnosed in 2% (7 of 411) of ARRANON treated patients and occurred after the first course of ARRANON during the consolidation phase of therapy.
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