Brompheniramine Maleate, Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride and Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide
BROMPHENIRAMINE MALEATE, PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE- brompheniramine maleate, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and dextromethorphan hydrobromide solution
Pharmaceutical Associates, Inc.
Rx only
DESCRIPTION
Brompheniramine maleate, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide syrup is a clear, sweet, unflavored, pink syrup.
Each 5 mL (1 teaspoonful) contains :
| Brompheniramine Maleate, USP | 2 mg | |
| Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, USP | 30 mg | |
| Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, USP | 10 mg |
Inactive Ingredients: citric acid anhydrous, FD&C Red #40, glycerin, methylparaben, purified water, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate dihydrate, and sucrose.
| C 16 H 19 BrN 2 ∙C 4 H 4 O 4 M.W. 435.31 |
| Brompheniramine Maleate, USP (±)-2- p -Bromo-α-2-(dimethylamino)ethylbenzylpyridine maleate (1:1) |
| C 10 H 15 NO∙HCl M.W. 201.69 |
| Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride, USP (+)-Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride |
| C 18 H 25 NO∙HBr∙H 2 O M.W. 370.32 |
| Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide, USP 3-Methoxy-17-methyl-9α, 13α, 14α -morphinan hydrobromide monohydrate |
Antihistamine/Nasal Decongestant/Antitussive syrup for oral administration.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Brompheniramine maleate is a histamine antagonist, specifically an H1-receptor-blocking agent belonging to the alkylamine class of antihistamines. Antihistamines appear to compete with histamine for receptor sites on effector cells. Brompheniramine also has anticholinergic (drying) and sedative effects. Among the antihistaminic effects, it antagonizes the allergic response (vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, increased mucus secretion) of nasal tissue. Brompheniramine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentration after single, oral dose of 4 mg reached in 5 hours; urinary excretion is the major route of elimination, mostly as products of biodegradation; the liver is assumed to be the main site of metabolic transformation.
Pseudoephedrine acts on sympathetic nerve endings and also on smooth muscle, making it useful as a nasal decongestant. The nasal decongestant effect is mediated by the action of pseudoephedrine on α-sympathetic receptors, producing vasoconstriction of the dilated nasal arterioles. Following oral administration, effects are noted within 30 minutes with peak activity occurring at approximately one hour.
Dextromethorphan acts centrally to elevate the threshold for coughing. It has no analgesic or addictive properties. The onset of antitussive action occurs in 15 to 30 minutes after administration and is of long duration.
INDICATIONS AND USAGE
For relief of coughs and upper respiratory symptoms, including nasal congestion, associated with allergy or the common cold.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Hypersensitivity to any of the ingredients. Do not use in the newborn, in premature infants, in nursing mothers, or in patients with severe hypertension or severe coronary artery disease. Do not use dextromethorphan in patients receiving monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) (see PRECAUTIONS — Drug Interactions).
Antihistamines should not be used to treat lower respiratory tract conditions including asthma.
WARNINGS
Especially in infants and small children, antihistamines in overdosage may cause hallucinations, convulsions, and death.
Antihistamines may diminish mental alertness. In the young child, they may produce excitation.
PRECAUTIONS
General
Because of its antihistamine component, brompheniramine maleate, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide syrup should be used with caution in patients with a history of bronchial asthma, narrow angle glaucoma, gastrointestinal obstruction, or urinary bladder neck obstruction. Because of its sympathomimetic component, brompheniramine maleate, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide syrup should be used with caution in patients with diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, or thyroid disease.
Information for Patients
Patients should be warned about engaging in activities requiring mental alertness, such as driving a car or operating dangerous machinery.
Drug Interactions
Monoamine oxidase (MAOI) inhibitors
Hyperpyrexia, hypotension, and death have been reported coincident with the coadministration of MAOI and products containing dextromethorphan. In addition, MAOI prolong and intensify the anticholinergic (drying) effects of antihistamines and may enhance the effect of pseudoephedrine. Concomitant administration of brompheniramine maleate, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide syrup and MAOI should be avoided (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).
Central nervous system (CNS) depressants
Antihistamines have additive effects with alcohol and other CNS depressants (hypnotics, sedatives, tranquilizers, antianxiety agents, etc.).
Antihypertensive drugs
Sympathomimetic may reduce the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
Carcinogenesis , Mutagenesis , Impairment of Fertility
Animal studies of brompheniramine maleate, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, and dextromethorphan hydrobromide syrup to assess the carcinogenic and mutagenic potential or the effect on fertility have not been performed.
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