Clarithromycin (Page 6 of 10)
Changes in Laboratory Values
Changes in laboratory values with possible clinical significance were as follows:
Hepatic
Elevated SGPT (ALT) < 1%; SGOT (AST) < 1%; GGT < 1%; alkaline phosphatase <1%; LDH < 1%; total bilirubin < 1%
Hematologic
Decreased WBC < 1%; elevated prothrombin time 1%
Renal
Elevated BUN 4%; elevated serum creatinine < 1%
GGT, alkaline phosphatase, and prothrombin time data are from adult studies only.
OVERDOSAGE
Overdosage of clarithromycin can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea.
Adverse reactions accompanying overdosage should be treated by the prompt elimination of unabsorbed drug and supportive measures. As with other macrolides, clarithromycin serum concentrations are not expected to be appreciably affected by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Clarithromycin tablet may be given with or without food.
Clarithromycin may be administered without dosage adjustment in the presence of hepatic impairment if there is normal renal function. In patients with severe renal impairment (CLCR < 30 mL/min), the dose of clarithromycin should be reduced by 50%. However, when patients with moderate or severe renal impairment are taking clarithromycin concomitantly with atazanavir or ritonavir, the dose of clarithromycin should be reduced by 50% or 75% for patients with CLCR of 30 to 60 mL/min or < 30 mL/min, respectively.
Clarithromycin tablet | ||
Infection | Dosage (q12h) | Duration (days) |
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis due to | ||
S . pyogenes | 250 mg | 10 |
Acute maxillary sinusitis due to | 500 mg | 14 |
H . influenzae | ||
M . catarrhalis | ||
S . pneumoniae | ||
Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis due to | ||
H . influenzae | 500 mg | 7-14 |
H . parainfluenzae | 500 mg | 7 |
M . catarrhalis | 250 mg | 7-14 |
S . pneumoniae | 250 mg | 7-14 |
Community-Acquired Pneumonia due to | ||
H . influenzae | 250 mg | 7 |
H . parainfluenzae | – | – |
M . catarrhalis | – | – |
S . pneumoniae | 250 mg | 7-14 |
C . pneumoniae | 250 mg | 7-14 |
M . pneumoniae | 250 mg | 7-14 |
Uncomplicated skin and skin structure | 250 mg | 7-14 |
S . aureus | ||
S . pyogenes |
H. pylori Eradication to Reduce the Risk of Duodenal Ulcer Recurrence
Triple therapy: clarithromycin/lansoprazole/amoxicillin
The recommended adult dose is 500 mg clarithromycin, 30 mg lansoprazole, and 1 gram amoxicillin, all given twice daily (q12h) for 10 or 14 days. (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE and CLINICAL STUDIESsections.)
Triple therapy: clarithromycin/omeprazole/amoxicillin
The recommended adult dose is 500 mg clarithromycin, 20 mg omeprazole, and 1 gram amoxicillin, all given twice daily (q12h) for 10 days. (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE and CLINICAL STUDIESsections.) In patients with an ulcer present at the time of initiation of therapy, an additional 18 days of omeprazole 20 mg once daily is recommended for ulcer healing and symptom relief.
Dual therapy: clarithromycin/omeprazole
The recommended adult dose is 500 mg clarithromycin given three times daily (q8h) and 40 mg omeprazole given once daily (qAM) for 14 days. (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE and CLINICAL STUDIESsections.) An additional 14 days of omeprazole 20 mg once daily is recommended for ulcer healing and symptom relief.
Dual therapy: clarithromycin/ranitidine bismuth citrate
The recommended adult dose is 500 mg clarithromycin given twice daily (q12h) or three times daily (q8h) and 400 mg ranitidine bismuth citrate given twice daily (q12h) for 14 days. An additional 14 days of 400 mg twice daily is recommended for ulcer healing and symptom relief. Clarithromycin and ranitidine bismuth citrate combination therapy is not recommended in patients with creatinine clearance less than 25 mL/min. (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE and CLINICAL STUDIESsections.)
Children
The usual recommended daily dosage is 15 mg/kg/day divided q12h for 10 days.
Based on Body Weight | ||||
Dosing Calculated on 7 . 5 mg / kg q12h | ||||
Weight | Dose | |||
Kg | lbs | ( q12h ) | 125 mg / 5 mL | 250 mg / 5 mL |
9 | 20 | 62.5 mg | 2.5 mL q12h | 1.25 mL q12h |
17 | 37 | 125 mg | 5 mL q12h | 2.5 mL q12h |
25 | 55 | 187.5 mg | 7.5 mL q12h | 3.75 mL q12h |
33 | 73 | 250 mg | 10 mL q12h | 5 mL q12h |
Prophylaxis
The recommended dose of clarithromycin tablet for the prevention of disseminated Mycobacterium avium disease is 500 mg b.i.d. In children, the recommended dose is 7.5 mg/kg b.i.d. up to 500 mg b.i.d. No studies of clarithromycin for MAC prophylaxis have been performed in pediatric populations and the doses recommended for prophylaxis are derived from MAC treatment studies in children. Dosing recommendations for children are in the table above.
Treatment
Clarithromycin is recommended as the primary agent for the treatment of disseminated infection due to Mycobacterium avium complex. Clarithromycin should be used in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs that have shown in vitro activity against MAC or clinical benefit in MAC treatment. (See CLINICAL STUDIES.) The recommended dose for mycobacterial infections in adults is 500 mg b.i.d. In children, the recommended dose is 7.5 mg/kg b.i.d. up to 500 mg b.i.d. Dosing recommendations for children are in the table above.
Clarithromycin therapy should continue for life if clinical and mycobacterial improvements are observed.
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