Clobazam

CLOBAZAM- clobazam suspension
VistaPharm, LLC

WARNING: RISKS FROM CONCOMITANT USE WITH OPIOIDS; ABUSE, MISUSE AND ADDICTION; and DEPENDENCE AND WITHDRAWAL REACTIONS

See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning.

  • Concomitant use of benzodiazepines and opioids may result in profound sedation, respiratory depression, coma, and death. Reserve concomitant prescribing of these drugs for patients for whom alternative treatment options are inadequate. Limit dosages and durations to the minimum required. Follow patients for signs and symptoms of respiratory depression and sedation [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 ), Drug Interactions ( 7.1 )] .

  • The use of benzodiazepines, including clobazam, exposes users to risks of abuse, misuse, and addiction, which can lead to overdose or death. Abuse and misuse of benzodiazepines commonly involve concomitant use of other medications, alcohol, and/or illicit substances, which is associated with an increased frequency of serious adverse outcomes. Before prescribing clobazam and throughout treatment, assess each patient’s risk for abuse, misuse, and addiction [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] .

  • The continued use of benzodiazepines, including clobazam, may lead to clinically significant physical dependence. The risks of dependence and withdrawal increase with longer treatment duration and higher daily dose. Abrupt discontinuation or rapid dosage reduction of clobazam after continued use may precipitate acute withdrawal reactions, which can be life-threatening. To reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, use a gradual taper to discontinue clobazam or reduce the dosage [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.2 ) and Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )].

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Clobazam is indicated for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) in patients 2 years of age or older.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 Dosing Information

A daily dose of clobazam greater than 5 mg should be administered in divided doses twice daily; a 5 mg daily dose can be administered as a single dose. Dose patients according to body weight. Individualize dosing within each body weight group, based on clinical efficacy and tolerability. Each dose in Table 1 (e.g. 5 to 20 mg in ≤30 kg weight group) has been shown to be effective, although effectiveness increases with increasing dose [see Clinical Studies ( 14)]. Do not proceed with dose escalation more rapidly than weekly, because serum concentrations of clobazam and its active metabolite require 5 and 9 days, respectively, to reach steady-state.

Table 1. Recommended Total Daily Dosing by Weight Group

≤30 kg Body Weight

>30 kg Body Weight

Starting Dose

5 mg

10 mg

Starting Day 7

10 mg

20 mg

Starting Day 14

20 mg

40 mg

2.2 Discontinuation or Dosage Reduction of Clobazam Oral Suspension

To reduce the risk of withdrawal reactions, increased seizure frequency, and status epilepticus, use a gradual taper to discontinue clobazam oral suspension or reduce the dosage. Taper by decreasing the total daily dose by 5-10 mg/day on a weekly basis until discontinued. If a patient develops withdrawal reactions, consider pausing the taper or increasing the dosage to the previous tapered dosage level. Subsequently decrease the dosage more slowly [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3) and Drug Abuse and Dependence ( 9.3)].

2.3 Important Administration Instructions

Instruct patients to read the “Instructions for Use” carefully for complete directions on how to properly dose and administer clobazam oral suspension.

Clobazam Oral Suspension Oral Administration

Clobazam oral suspension can be taken with or without food [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)].

Shake Clobazam Oral Suspension well before every administration. When administering the oral suspension, use only the oral dosing syringe provided with the product. Each carton includes two oral syringes, but only one oral syringe should be used for dosing. The second oral syringe is reserved as a replacement in case the first oral syringe is damaged or lost. Insert the provided adapter firmly into the neck of the bottle before first use and keep the adapter in place for the duration of the usage of the bottle. To withdraw the dose, insert the oral dosing syringe into the adapter and invert the bottle then slowly pull back the plunger to prescribed dose. After removing the oral syringe from the bottle adapter, slowly squirt Clobazam Oral Suspension into the corner of the patient’s mouth. Replace the cap after each use. The cap fits over the adapter when the adapter is properly placed. See Clobazam Oral Suspension “Instructions for Use” for complete instruction on how to properly dose and administer the Clobazam Oral Suspension.

2.4 Dosage Adjustments in Geriatric Patients

Plasma concentrations at any given dose are generally higher in the elderly: proceed slowly with dose escalation. The starting dose should be 5 mg/day for all elderly patients. Then titrate elderly patients according to weight, but to half the dose presented in Table 1, as tolerated. If necessary and based upon clinical response, an additional titration to the maximum dose (20 mg/day or 40 mg/day, depending on weight) may be started on day 21 [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.5)].

2.5 Dosage Adjustments in CYP2C19 Poor Metabolizers

In CYP2C19 poor metabolizers, levels of N-desmethylclobazam, clobazam’s active metabolite, will be increased. Therefore, in patients known to be CYP2C19 poor metabolizers, the starting dose should be 5 mg/day and dose titration should proceed slowly according to weight, but to half the dose presented in Table 1, as tolerated. If necessary and based upon clinical response, an additional titration to the maximum dose (20 mg/day or 40 mg/day, depending on the weight group) may be started on day 21 [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6), Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.5)].

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