DOCETAXEL (Page 18 of 20)
14.5 Gastric Adenocarcinoma
A multicenter, open-label, randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of docetaxel for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, including adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction, who had not received prior chemotherapy for advanced disease. A total of 445 patients with KPS >70 were treated with either docetaxel (T) (75 mg/m 2 on day 1) in combination with cisplatin (C) (75 mg/m 2 on day 1) and fluorouracil (F) (750 mg/m 2 per day for 5 days) or cisplatin (100 mg/m 2 on day 1) and fluorouracil (1000 mg/m 2 per day for 5 days). The length of a treatment cycle was 3 weeks for the TCF arm and 4 weeks for the CF arm. The demographic characteristics were balanced between the two treatment arms. The median age was 55 years, 71% were male, 71% were Caucasian, 24% were 65 years of age or older, 19% had a prior curative surgery and 12% had palliative surgery. The median number of cycles administered per patient was 6 (with a range of 1-16) for the TCF arm compared to 4 (with a range of 1-12) for the CF arm. Time to progression (TTP) was the primary endpoint and was defined as time from randomization to disease progression or death from any cause within 12 weeks of the last evaluable tumor assessment or within 12 weeks of the first infusion of study drugs for patients with no evaluable tumor assessment after randomization. The hazard ratio (HR) for TTP was 1.47 (CF/TCF, 95% CI: 1.19-1.83) with a significantly longer TTP (p=0.0004) in the TCF arm. Approximately 75% of patients had died at the time of this analysis. Overall survival was significantly longer (p=0.0201) in the TCF arm with a HR of 1.29 (95% CI: 1.04-1.61). Efficacy results are summarized in Table 19 and Figures 6 and 7.
| Endpoint | TCF n=221 | CF n=224 |
|---|---|---|
| Median TTP (months) | 5.6 | 3.7 |
| (95%CI) | (4.86-5.91) | (3.45-4.47) |
| Hazard ratio * | 0.68 | |
| (95%CI) | (0.55-0.84) | |
| †p-value | 0.0004 | |
| Median survival (months) | 9.2 | 8.6 |
| (95%CI) | (8.38-10.58) | (7.16-9.46) |
| Hazard ratio * | 0.77 | |
| (95%CI) | (0.62-0.96) | |
| †p-value | 0.0201 | |
| Overall Response Rate (CR+PR) (%) | 36.7 | 25.4 |
| p-value | 0.0106 | |
Subgroup analyses were consistent with the overall results across age, gender and race.
Figure 6: Gastric Cancer Study (TAX325) Time to Progression K-M Curve
Figure 7: Gastric Cancer Study (TAX325) Survival K-M Curve
14.6 Head and Neck Cancer
Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Radiotherapy (TAX323)
The safety and efficacy of docetaxel in the induction treatment of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) was evaluated in a multicenter, open-label, randomized trial (TAX323). In this study, 358 patients with inoperable locally advanced SCCHN, and WHO performance status 0 or 1, were randomized to one of two treatment arms. Patients on the docetaxel arm received docetaxel (T) 75 mg/m 2 followed by cisplatin (P) 75 mg/m 2 on Day 1, followed by fluorouracil (F) 750 mg/m 2 per day as a continuous infusion on Days 1-5. The cycles were repeated every three weeks for 4 cycles. Patients whose disease did not progress received radiotherapy (RT) according to institutional guidelines (TPF/RT). Patients on the comparator arm received cisplatin (P) 100 mg/m 2 on Day 1, followed by fluorouracil (F) 1000 mg/m 2 /day as a continuous infusion on Days 1-5. The cycles were repeated every three weeks for 4 cycles. Patients whose disease did not progress received RT according to institutional guidelines (PF/RT). At the end of chemotherapy, with a minimal interval of 4 weeks and a maximal interval of 7 weeks, patients whose disease did not progress received radiotherapy (RT) according to institutional guidelines. Locoregional therapy with radiation was delivered either with a conventional fraction regimen (1.8 Gy-2.0 Gy once a day, 5 days per week for a total dose of 66 to 70 Gy) or with an accelerated/hyperfractionated regimen (twice a day, with a minimum interfraction interval of 6 hours, 5 days per week, for a total dose of 70 to 74 Gy, respectively). Surgical resection was allowed following chemotherapy, before or after radiotherapy.
The primary endpoint in this study, progression-free survival (PFS), was significantly longer in the TPF arm compared to the PF arm, p=0.0077 (median PFS: 11.4 vs 8.3 months respectively) with an overall median follow-up time of 33.7 months. Median overall survival with a median follow-up of 51.2 months was also significantly longer in favor of the TPF arm compared to the PF arm (median OS: 18.6 vs 14.2 months respectively). Efficacy results are presented in Table 20 and Figures 8 and 9.
| Endpoint | Docetaxel+ Cisplatin+ Fluorouracil n=177 | Cisplatin+ Fluorouracil n=181 |
|---|---|---|
| A Hazard ratio of less than 1 favors docetaxel+cisplatin+fluorouracil | ||
| Median progression free survival (months) (95%CI) | 11.4 (10.1-14.0) | 8.3 (7.4-9.1) |
| Adjusted Hazard ratio (95%CI) *p-value | 0.71 (0.56-0.91) 0.0077 | |
| Median survival (months) (95%CI) | 18.6 (15.7-24.0) | 14.2 (11.5-18.7) |
| Hazard ratio (95%CI) †p-value | 0.71 (0.56-0.90) 0.0055 | |
| Best overall response (CR + PR) to chemotherapy (%) (95%CI) | 67.8 (60.4-74.6) | 53.6 (46.0-61.0) |
| ‡p-value | 0.006 | |
| Best overall response (CR + PR) to study treatment [chemotherapy +/- radiotherapy] (%) (95%CI) | 72.3 (65.1-78.8) | 58.6 (51.0-65.8) |
| ‡p-value | 0.006 | |
Figure 8: TAX323 Progression-Free Survival K-M Curve
Figure 9: TAX323 Overall Survival K-M Curve
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