DULOXETINE HYDROCHLORIDE (Page 9 of 17)

6.6 Effects on Male and Female Sexual Function in Adults

Changes in sexual desire, sexual performance and sexual satisfaction often occur as manifestations of psychiatric disorders or diabetes, but they may also be a consequence of pharmacologic treatment. Because adverse sexual reactions are presumed to be voluntarily underreported, the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), a validated measure designed to identify sexual side effects, was used prospectively in 4 MDD placebo-controlled trials. In these trials, as shown in Table 5 below, patients treated with duloxetine delayed-release capsules experienced significantly more sexual dysfunction, as measured by the total score on the ASEX, than did patients treated with placebo. Gender analysis showed that this difference occurred only in males. Males treated with duloxetine delayed-release capsules experienced more difficulty with ability to reach orgasm (ASEX Item 4) than males treated with placebo. Females did not experience more sexual dysfunction on duloxetine delayed-release capsules than on placebo as measured by ASEX total score. Negative numbers signify an improvement from a baseline level of dysfunction, which is commonly seen in depressed patients. Physicians should routinely inquire about possible sexual side effects.

Table 5: Mean Change in ASEX Scores by Gender in MDD Placebo-Controlled Trials
Male Patients a Female Patients a

Duloxetine Delayed-Release Capsules

(n=175)

Placebo

(n=83)

Duloxetine Delayed-Release Capsules

(n=241)

Placebo

(n=126)

ASEX Total (Items 1-5)

Item 1 — Sex drive

Item 2 — Arousal

Item 3 — Ability to achieve erection (men); Lubrication (women)

Item 4 — Ease of reaching orgasm

0.56 b

-0.07

0.01

0.03

0.40 c

-1.07

-0.12

-0.26

-0.25

-0.24

-1.15

-0.32

-0.21

-0.17

-0.09

-1.07

-0.24

-0.18

-0.18

-0.13

a n=Number of patients with non-missing change score for ASEX total

b p=0.013 versus placebo

c p<0.001 versus placebo

6.7 Vital Sign Changes in Adults

In placebo-controlled clinical trials across approved indications for change from baseline to endpoint, duloxetine treatment was associated with mean increases of 0.23 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and 0.73 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure compared to mean decreases of 1.09 mm Hg systolic and 0.55 mm Hg diastolic in placebo-treated patients. There was no significant difference in the frequency of sustained (3 consecutive visits) elevated blood pressure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3, 5.11)].

Duloxetine treatment, for up to 26 weeks in placebo-controlled trials across approved indications, typically caused a small increase in heart rate for change from baseline to endpoint compared to placebo of up to 1.37 beats per minute (increase of 1.20 beats per minute in duloxetine-treated patients, decrease of 0.17 beats per minute in placebo-treated patients).

6.8 Laboratory Changes in Adults

Duloxetine treatment in placebo-controlled clinical trials across approved indications, was associated with small mean increases from baseline to endpoint in ALT, AST, CPK, and alkaline phosphatase; infrequent, modest, transient, abnormal values were observed for these analytes in duloxetine delayed-release capsules-treated patients when compared with placebo-treated patients [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2)] . High bicarbonate, cholesterol, and abnormal (high or low) potassium, were observed more frequently in duloxetine delayed-release capsules-treated patients compared to placebo.

6.9 Electrocardiogram Changes in Adults

The effect of duloxetine 160 mg and 200 mg administered twice daily to steady state was evaluated in a randomized, double-blinded, two-way crossover study in 117 healthy female subjects. No QT interval prolongation was detected. Duloxetine appears to be associated with concentration-dependent but not clinically meaningful QT shortening.

6.10 Other Adverse Reactions Observed During the Premarketing and Postmarketing Clinical Trial Evaluation of Duloxetine in Adults

Following is a list of treatment-emergent adverse reactions reported by patients treated with duloxetine in clinical trials. In clinical trials of all indications, 34,756 patients were treated with duloxetine. Of these, 26.9% (9337) took duloxetine for at least 6 months, and 12.4% (4317) for at least one year. The following listing is not intended to include reactions (1) already listed in previous tables or elsewhere in labeling, (2) for which a drug cause was remote, (3) which were so general as to be uninformative, (4) which were not considered to have significant clinical implications, or (5) which occurred at a rate equal to or less than placebo.

Reactions are categorized by body system according to the following definitions: frequent adverse reactions are those occurring in at least 1/100 patients; infrequent adverse reactions are those occurring in 1/100 to 1/1000 patients; rare reactions are those occurring in fewer than 1/1000 patients.

Cardiac DisordersFrequent: palpitations; Infrequent: myocardial infarction, tachycardia, and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy.

Ear and Labyrinth DisordersFrequent: vertigo; Infrequent: ear pain and tinnitus.

Endocrine DisordersInfrequent: hypothyroidism.

Eye Disorders Frequent: vision blurred; Infrequent: diplopia, dry eye, and visual impairment.

Gastrointestinal DisordersFrequent: flatulence; Infrequent: dysphagia, eructation, gastritis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, halitosis, and stomatitis; Rare: gastric ulcer.

General Disorders and Administration Site ConditionsFrequent: chills/rigors; Infrequent: falls, feeling abnormal, feeling hot and/or cold, malaise, and thirst; Rare: gait disturbance.

Infections and Infestations Infrequent: gastroenteritis and laryngitis.

InvestigationsFrequent: weight increased, weight decreased; Infrequent: blood cholesterol increased.

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders Infrequent: dehydration and hyperlipidemia; Rare: dyslipidemia.

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue DisordersFrequent: musculoskeletal pain; Infrequent: muscle tightness and muscle twitching.

Nervous System DisordersFrequent: dysgeusia, lethargy, and paraesthesia/hypoesthesia; Infrequent: disturbance in attention, dyskinesia, myoclonus, and poor quality sleep; Rare: dysarthria.

Psychiatric Disorders Frequent: abnormal dreams and sleep disorder; Infrequent: apathy, bruxism, disorientation/confusional state, irritability, mood swings, and suicide attempt; Rare: completed suicide.

Renal and Urinary DisordersFrequent: urinary frequency; Infrequent: dysuria, micturition urgency, nocturia, polyuria, and urine odor abnormal.

Reproductive System and Breast DisordersFrequent: anorgasmia/orgasm abnormal; Infrequent: menopausal symptoms, sexual dysfunction, and testicular pain; Rare: menstrual disorder.

Respiratory, Thoracic and Mediastinal DisordersFrequent: yawning, oropharyngeal pain; Infrequent: throat tightness.

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue DisordersFrequent: pruritus; Infrequent: cold sweat, dermatitis contact, erythema, increased tendency to bruise, night sweats, and photosensitivity reaction; Rare: ecchymosis.

Vascular DisordersFrequent: hot flush; Infrequent: flushing, orthostatic hypotension, and peripheral coldness.

6.11 Adverse Reactions Observed in Children and Adolescent Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials

The adverse drug reaction profile observed in pediatric clinical trials (children and adolescents) was consistent with the adverse drug reaction profile observed in adult clinical trials. The specific adverse drug reactions observed in adult patients can be expected to be observed in pediatric patients (children and adolescents) [see Adverse Reactions ( 6.5)] . The most common (≥5% and twice placebo) adverse reactions observed in pediatric clinical trials include: nausea, diarrhea, decreased weight, and dizziness.

Table 6 provides the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse reactions in MDD and GAD pediatric placebo- controlled trials that occurred in greater than 2% of patients treated with duloxetine delayed-release capsules and with an incidence greater than placebo.

Table 6: Treatment-Emergent Adverse Reactions: Incidence of 2% or More and Greater than Placebo in three 10- week Pediatric Placebo-Controlled Trials a
System Organ Class / Adverse Reaction

Percentage of Pediatric Patients

Reporting Reaction

Duloxetine Delayed-Release Capsules

(N=476)

Placebo

(N=362)
Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nausea

Abdominal pain b

Vomiting

Diarrhea

18

13

9

6

2

8

10

4

3

1

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions
Fatigue c

7

5

Investigations
Decreased weight d

14

6

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders
Decreased appetite

10

5

Nervous System Disorders

Headache

Somnolence e

18

11

8

13

6

4

Psychiatric Disorders
Insomnia f

7

4

Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders

Oropharyngeal Pain

4

3

2

1

a The inclusion of an event in the table is determined based on the percentages before rounding; however, the percentages displayed in the table are rounded to the nearest integer.

b Also includes abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain lower, abdominal tenderness, abdominal discomfort, and gastrointestinal pain.

c Also includes asthenia.

d Frequency based on weight measurement meeting potentially clinically significant threshold of ≥3.5% weight loss (N=467 Duloxetine delayed-release capsules; N=354 Placebo).

e Also includes hypersomnia and sedation.

f Also includes initial insomnia, insomnia, middle insomnia, and terminal insomnia.

Other adverse reactions that occurred at an incidence of less than 2% but were reported by more duloxetine treated patients than placebo treated patients and are associated duloxetine treatment: abnormal dreams (including nightmare), anxiety, flushing (including hot flush), hyperhidrosis, palpitations, pulse increased, and tremor.

Discontinuation-emergent symptoms have been reported when stopping duloxetine delayed-release capsules. The most commonly reported symptoms following discontinuation of duloxetine delayed-release capsules in pediatric clinical trials have included headache, dizziness, insomnia, and abdominal pain [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7) and Adverse Reactions ( 6.2)] .

Growth (Height and Weight) — Decreased appetite and weight loss have been observed in association with the use of SSRIs and SNRIs. Pediatric patients treated with duloxetine delayed-release capsules in clinical trials experienced a 0.1 kg mean decrease in weight at 10 weeks, compared with a mean weight gain of approximately 0.9 kg in placebo-treated patients. The proportion of patients who experienced a clinically significant decrease in weight (≥3.5%) was greater in the duloxetine delayed-release capsules group than in the placebo group (14% and 6%, respectively). Subsequently, over the 4- to 6-month uncontrolled extension periods, duloxetine delayed-release capsules -treated patients on average trended toward recovery to their expected baseline weight percentile based on population data from age- and sex-matched peers. In studies up to 9 months, duloxetine-treated pediatric patients experienced an increase in height of 1.7 cm on average (2.2 cm increase in children [7 to 11 years of age] and 1.3 cm increase in adolescents [12 to 17 years of age]). While height increase was observed during these studies, a mean decrease of 1% in height percentile was observed (decrease of 2% in children [7 to 11 years of age] and increase of 0.3% in adolescents [12 to 17 years of age]). Weight and height should be monitored regularly in children and adolescents treated with duloxetine.

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