Emtriva

EMTRIVA- emtricitabine capsule
Excella GmbH

WARNINGS: LACTIC ACIDOSIS/SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY WITH STEATOSIS and POST TREATMENT EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS B

Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs alone or in combination with other antiretrovirals [See Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

EMTRIVA is not approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the safety and efficacy of EMTRIVA have not been established in patients coinfected with HBV and HIV-1. Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who have discontinued EMTRIVA. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV and discontinue EMTRIVA. If appropriate, initiation of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted [See Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

EMTRIVA® is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.

Additional important information regarding the use of EMTRIVA for the treatment of HIV-1 Infection:

  • EMTRIVA should not be coadministered with ATRIPLA® , TRUVADA® , or lamivudine-containing products [See Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].
  • In treatment-experienced patients, the use of EMTRIVA should be guided by laboratory testing and treatment history [See Clinical Pharmacology (12.4)].

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 Recommended Dose

EMTRIVA may be taken without regard to food.

2.2 Adult Patients (18 years of age and older)

  • EMTRIVA capsules: one 200 mg capsule administered once daily orally.
  • EMTRIVA oral solution: 240 mg (24 mL) administered once daily orally.

2.3 Pediatric Patients (0–3 months of age)

  • EMTRIVA oral solution: 3 mg/kg administered once daily orally.

2.4 Pediatric Patients (3 months through 17 years)

  • EMTRIVA oral solution: 6 mg/kg up to a maximum of 240 mg (24 mL) administered once daily orally.
  • EMTRIVA capsules: for children weighing more than 33 kg who can swallow an intact capsule, one 200 mg capsule administered once daily orally.

2.5 Dose Adjustment in Adult Patients with Renal Impairment

Significantly increased drug exposures were seen when EMTRIVA was administered to patients with renal impairment [See Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Therefore, the dosing interval or dose of EMTRIVA should be adjusted in patients with baseline creatinine clearance <50 mL/min using the following guidelines (see Table 1). The safety and effectiveness of these dose adjustment guidelines have not been clinically evaluated. Therefore, clinical response to treatment and renal function should be closely monitored in these patients.

Table 1 Dose Adjustment in Adult Patients with Renal Impairment
Creatinine Clearance (mL/min)
Formulation ≥50 mL/min 30–49 mL/min 15–29 mL/min <15 mL/min or on hemodialysis *
*
Hemodialysis Patients: If dosing on day of dialysis, give dose after dialysis
Capsule (200 mg) 200 mg every 24 hours 200 mg every 48 hours 200 mg every 72 hours 200 mg every 96 hours
Oral Solution (10 mg/mL) 240 mg every 24 hours (24 mL) 120 mg every 24 hours (12 mL) 80 mg every 24 hours (8 mL) 60 mg every 24 hours (6 mL)

Although there are insufficient data to recommend a specific dose adjustment of EMTRIVA in pediatric patients with renal impairment, a reduction in the dose and/or an increase in the dosing interval similar to adjustments for adults should be considered.

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

EMTRIVA is available as capsules and oral solution.

EMTRIVA capsules, containing 200 mg of emtricitabine, are size 1 hard gelatin capsules with a blue cap and white body, printed with “200 mg” in black on the cap and “GILEAD” and the corporate logo in black on the body.

EMTRIVA oral solution is a clear, orange to dark orange liquid containing 10 mg of emtricitabine per mL.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

EMTRIVA is contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to any of the components of the products.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Lactic Acidosis/Severe Hepatomegaly with Steatosis

Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs alone or in combination, including emtricitabine and other antiretrovirals. A majority of these cases have been in women. Obesity and prolonged nucleoside exposure may be risk factors. Particular caution should be exercised when administering nucleoside analogs to any patient with known risk factors for liver diseases; however, cases have also been reported in patients with no known risk factors. Treatment with EMTRIVA should be suspended in any patient who develops clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity (which may include hepatomegaly and steatosis even in the absence of marked transaminase elevations).

5.2 Patients Coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV

It is recommended that all patients with HIV-1 be tested for the presence of chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) before initiating antiretroviral therapy. EMTRIVA is not approved for the treatment of chronic HBV infection and the safety and efficacy of EMTRIVA have not been established in patients coinfected with HBV and HIV-1. Severe acute exacerbations of Hepatitis B have been reported in patients after the discontinuation of EMTRIVA. In some patients infected with HBV and treated with EMTRIVA, the exacerbations of hepatitis B were associated with liver decompensation and liver failure. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who are coinfected with HIV-1 and HBV and discontinue EMTRIVA. If appropriate, initiation of anti-Hepatitis B therapy may be warranted.

5.3 Coadministration with Related Products

EMTRIVA is a component of TRUVADA (a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) and ATRIPLA (a fixed-dose combination of efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate). EMTRIVA should not be coadministered with TRUVADA or ATRIPLA. Due to similarities between emtricitabine and lamivudine, EMTRIVA should not be coadministered with other drugs containing lamivudine, including Combivir (lamivudine/zidovudine), Epivir or Epivir-HBV (lamivudine), Epzicom (abacavir sulfate/lamivudine), or Trizivir (abacavir sulfate/lamivudine/zidovudine).

5.4 New Onset or Worsening Renal Impairment

Emtricitabine is principally eliminated by the kidney. Reduction of the dosage of EMTRIVA is recommended for patients with impaired renal function [See Dosage and Administration (2.5) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

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