Fluoxetine (Page 2 of 10)

FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS*

WARNING: SUICIDAL THOUGHTS AND BEHAVIORS
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Major Depressive Disorder
2.2 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
2.3 Bulimia Nervosa
2.4 Panic Disorder
2.5 Fluoxetine and Olanzapine in Combination: Depressive Episodes Associated with Bipolar I Disorder
2.7 Dosing in Specific Populations
2.8 Discontinuation of Treatment
2.9 Switching a Patient To or From a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Intended to Treat Psychiatric Disorders
2.10 Use of Fluoxetine with Other MAOIs such as Linezolid or Methylene Blue
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS
4.1 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
4.2 Other Contraindications
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
5.1 Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
5.2 Serotonin Syndrome
5.3 Allergic Reactions and Rash
5.4 Screening Patients for Bipolar Disorder and Monitoring for Mania/Hypomania
5.5 Seizures
5.6 Altered Appetite and Weight
5.7 Abnormal Bleeding
5.8 Angle-Closure Glaucoma
5.9 Hyponatremia
5.10 Anxiety and Insomnia
5.11 QT Prolongation
5.12 Use in Patients with Concomitant Illness
5.13 Potential for Cognitive and Motor Impairment
5.14 Long Elimination Half-Life
5.15 Discontinuation Adverse Reactions
5.16 Fluoxetine and Olanzapine in Combination
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS
6.1 Clinical Trials Experience
6.2 Other Reactions
6.3 Postmarketing Experience
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS
7.1 Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)
7.2 CNS Acting Drugs
7.3 Serotonergic Drugs
7.4 Drugs that Interfere with Hemostasis (e.g., NSAIDs, Aspirin, Warfarin)
7.5 Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
7.6 Potential for Other Drugs to affect Fluoxetine
7.7 Potential for Fluoxetine to affect Other Drugs
7.8 Drugs that Prolong the QT Interval
8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
8.1 Pregnancy
8.2 Labor and Delivery
8.3 Nursing Mothers
8.4 Pediatric Use
8.5 Geriatric Use
8.6 Hepatic Impairment
9 DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE
9.3 Dependence
10 OVERDOSAGE
10.1 Human Experience
10.2 Animal Experience
10.3 Management of Overdose
11 DESCRIPTION
12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
12.1 Mechanism of Action
12.2 Pharmacodynamics
12.3 Pharmacokinetics
12.4 Specific Populations
13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility
13.2 Animal Toxicology and/or Pharmacology
14 CLINICAL STUDIES
14.1 Major Depressive Disorder
14.2 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
14.3 Bulimia Nervosa
14.4 Panic Disorder
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING
16.1 How Supplied
16.2 Storage and Handling
17 PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION
17.1 General Information
17.2 Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults
17.3 Serotonin Syndrome
17.4 Allergic Reactions and Rash
17.5 Abnormal Bleeding
17.6 Angle-Closure Glaucoma
17.7 Hyponatremia
17.8 QT Prolongation
17.9 Potential for Cognitive and Motor Impairment
17.10 Use of Concomitant Medications
17.11 Discontinuation of Treatment
17.12 Use in Specific Populations

*
Sections or subsections omitted from the full prescribing information are not listed.

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Fluoxetine is indicated for the treatment of:

Acute and maintenance treatment of Major Depressive Disorder [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1)].
Acute and maintenance treatment of obsessions and compulsions in patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.2)].
Acute and maintenance treatment of binge-eating and vomiting behaviors in patients with moderate to severe Bulimia Nervosa [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.3)].
Acute treatment of Panic Disorder, with or without agoraphobia [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.4)].

Fluoxetine and Olanzapine in Combination is indicated for the treatment of:

Acute treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder.

Fluoxetine monotherapy is not indicated for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder.
When using Fluoxetine and olanzapine in combination, also refer to the Clinical Studies section of the package insert for Symbyax®.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 Major Depressive Disorder

Initial Treatment
Adult — Initiate fluoxetine 20 mg/day orally in the morning. Consider a dose increase after several weeks if insufficient clinical improvement is observed. Administer doses above 20 mg/day once daily in the morning or twice daily (i.e., morning and noon). The maximum fluoxetine dose should not exceed 80 mg/day.
In controlled trials used to support the efficacy of fluoxetine, patients were administered morning doses ranging from 20 to 80 mg/day. Studies comparing fluoxetine 20, 40, and 60 mg/day to placebo indicate that 20 mg/day is sufficient to obtain a satisfactory response in Major Depressive Disorder in most cases [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1)].
Pediatric (children and adolescents) — Initiate Fluoxetine 10 or 20 mg/day. After 1 week at 10 mg/day, increase the dose to 20 mg/day. However, due to higher plasma levels in lower weight children, the starting and target dose in this group may be 10 mg/day. Consider a dose increase to 20 mg/day after several weeks if insufficient clinical improvement is observed. In the short-term (8 to 9 week) controlled clinical trials of fluoxetine supporting its effectiveness in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, patients were administered fluoxetine doses of 10 to 20 mg/day [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.1)].
All patients — As with other drugs effective in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, the full effect may be delayed until 4 weeks of treatment or longer.
Periodically reassess to determine the need for maintenance treatment.
Switching Patients to a Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) — Dosage of a TCA may need to be reduced, and plasma TCA concentrations may need to be monitored temporarily when fluoxetine is coadministered or has been recently discontinued [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.2) and DRUG INTERACTIONS (7.7)].

2.2 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Initial Treatment
Adult — Initiate fluoxetine 20 mg/day, orally in the morning. Consider a dose increase after several weeks if insufficient clinical improvement is observed. The full therapeutic effect may be delayed until 5 weeks of treatment or longer. Administer doses above 20 mg/day once daily in the morning or twice daily (i.e., morning and noon). A dose range of 20 to 60 mg/day is recommended; however, doses of up to 80 mg/day have been well tolerated in open studies of OCD. The maximum fluoxetine dose should not exceed 80 mg/day.
In the controlled clinical trials of fluoxetine supporting its effectiveness in the treatment of OCD, patients were administered fixed daily doses of 20, 40, or 60 mg of fluoxetine or placebo [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.2)]. In one of these studies, no dose-response relationship for effectiveness was demonstrated.
Pediatric (children and adolescents) — In adolescents and higher weight children, initiate treatment with a dose of 10 mg/day. After 2 weeks, increase the dose to 20 mg/day. Consider additional dose increases after several more weeks if insufficient clinical improvement is observed. A dose range of 20 to 60 mg/day is recommended.
In lower weight children, initiate treatment with a dose of 10 mg/day. Consider additional dose increases after several more weeks if insufficient clinical improvement is observed. A dose range of 20 to 30 mg/day is recommended. Experience with daily doses greater than 20 mg is very minimal, and there is no experience with doses greater than 60 mg.
In the controlled clinical trial of fluoxetine supporting its effectiveness in the treatment of OCD, patients were administered fluoxetine doses in the range of 10 to 60 mg/day [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.2)].
Periodically reassess to determine the need for treatment.

2.3 Bulimia Nervosa

Initial Treatment — Administer fluoxetine 60 mg/day in the morning. For some patients it may be advisable to titrate up to this target dose over several days. Fluoxetine doses above 60 mg/day have not been systematically studied in patients with bulimia. In the controlled clinical trials of fluoxetine supporting its effectiveness in the treatment of Bulimia Nervosa, patients were administered fixed daily fluoxetine doses of 20 or 60 mg, or placebo [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.3)]. Only the 60 mg dose was statistically significantly superior to placebo in reducing the frequency of binge-eating and vomiting.
Periodically reassess to determine the need for maintenance treatment.

2.4 Panic Disorder

Initial Treatment — Initiate treatment with fluoxetine 10 mg/day. After one week, increase the dose to 20 mg/day. Consider a dose increase after several weeks if no clinical improvement is observed. Fluoxetine doses above 60 mg/day have not been systematically evaluated in patients with Panic Disorder. In the controlled clinical trials of fluoxetine supporting its effectiveness in the treatment of Panic Disorder, patients were administered fluoxetine doses in the range of 10 to 60 mg/day [see CLINICAL STUDIES (14.4)]. The most frequently administered dose in the 2 flexible-dose clinical trials was 20 mg/day.
Periodically reassess to determine the need for continued treatment.

2.5 Fluoxetine and Olanzapine in Combination: Depressive Episodes Associated with Bipolar I Disorder

When using fluoxetine and olanzapine in combination, also refer to the Clinical Studies section of the package insert for Symbyax.

Adult — Administer fluoxetine in combination with oral olanzapine once daily in the evening, without regard to meals, generally beginning with 5 mg of oral olanzapine and 20 mg of fluoxetine. Make dosage adjustments, if indicated, according to efficacy and tolerability within dose ranges of fluoxetine 20 to 50 mg and oral olanzapine 5 to 12.5 mg. Antidepressant efficacy was demonstrated with olanzapine and fluoxetine in combination with a dose range of olanzapine 6 to 12 mg and fluoxetine 25 to 50 mg. Safety of co-administration of doses above 18 mg olanzapine with 75 mg fluoxetine has not been evaluated in clinical studies. Periodically re-examine the need for continued pharmacotherapy.

Children and adolescents (10-17 years of age) — Administer olanzapine and fluoxetine combination once daily in the evening, generally beginning with 2.5 mg of olanzapine and 20 mg of fluoxetine. Make dosage adjustments, if indicated, according to efficacy and tolerability. Safety of co-administration of doses above 12 mg of olanzapine with 50 mg of fluoxetine has not been evaluated in pediatric clinical studies. Periodically re-examine the need for continued pharmacotherapy.

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine in combination with olanzapine was determined in clinical trials supporting approval of Symbyax (fixed-dose combination of olanzapine and fluoxetine). Symbyax is dosed between 3 mg/25 mg (olanzapine/fluoxetine) per day and 12 mg/50 mg (olanzapine/fluoxetine) per day. The following table demonstrates the appropriate individual component doses of fluoxetine and olanzapine versus Symbyax. Adjust dosage, if indicated, with the individual components according to efficacy and tolerability.

Table 1: Approximate Dose Correspondence Between Symbyax1 and the Combination of Fluoxetine and Olanzapine
For Symbyax (mg/day)
Use in Combination
Olanzapine
(mg/day)
Fluoxetine
(mg/day)
1Symbyax (olanzapine/fluoxetine HCL) is a fixed-dose combination of fluoxetine and olanzapine.
3 mg olanzapine/25 mg fluoxetine
2.5
20
6 mg olanzapine/25 mg fluoxetine
5
20
12 mg olanzapine/25 mg fluoxetine
10+2.5
20
6 mg olanzapine/50 mg fluoxetine
5
40+10
12 mg olanzapine/50 mg fluoxetine
10+2.5
40+10

Fluoxetine capsules monotherapy is not indicated for the treatment of depressive episodes associated with Bipolar I Disorder.

2.7 Dosing in Specific Populations

Treatment of Pregnant Women — When treating pregnant women with fluoxetine, the physician should carefully consider the potential risks and potential benefits of treatment. Neonates exposed to SSRIs or SNRIs late in the third trimester have developed complications requiring prolonged hospitalization, respiratory support, and tube feeding [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.1)].
Geriatric — Consider a lower or less frequent dosage for the elderly [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.5)].
Hepatic Impairment — As with many other medications, use a lower or less frequent dosage in patients with hepatic impairment [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.4) and USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.6)].
Concomitant Illness — Patients with concurrent disease or on multiple concomitant medications may require dosage adjustments [see Clinical PHARMACOLOGY (12.4) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.12)].
Fluoxetine capsules and Olanzapine in Combination — Use a starting dose of oral olanzapine 2.5 to 5 mg with fluoxetine 20 mg for patients with a predisposition to hypotensive reactions, patients with hepatic impairment, or patients who exhibit a combination of factors that may slow the metabolism of olanzapine or fluoxetine in combination (female gender, geriatric age, non-smoking status), or those patients who may be pharmacodynamically sensitive to olanzapine. Titrate slowly and adjust dosage as needed in patients who exhibit a combination of factors that may slow metabolism. Fluoxetine and olanzapine in combination have not been systematically studied in patients over 65 years of age or in patients less than 10 years of age [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.16) and DRUG INTERACTIONS (7.7)].

2.8 Discontinuation of Treatment

Symptoms associated with discontinuation of fluoxetine, SNRIs, and SSRIs, have been reported [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.15)].

2.9 Switching a Patient To or From a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) Intended to Treat Psychiatric Disorders

At least 14 days should elapse between discontinuation of an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders and initiation of therapy with fluoxetine. Conversely, at least 5 weeks should be allowed after stopping fluoxetine before starting an MAOI intended to treat psychiatric disorders [see CONTRAINDICATIONS (4.1)].

2.10 Use of Fluoxetine with Other MAOIs such as Linezolid or Methylene Blue

Do not start fluoxetine in a patient who is being treated with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue because there is an increased risk of serotonin syndrome. In a patient who requires more urgent treatment of a psychiatric condition, other interventions, including hospitalization, should be considered [see CONTRAINDICATIONS (4.1)].
In some cases, a patient already receiving fluoxetine therapy may require urgent treatment with linezolid or intravenous methylene blue. If acceptable alternatives to linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are not available and the potential benefits of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue treatment are judged to outweigh the risks of serotonin syndrome in a particular patient, fluoxetine should be stopped promptly, and linezolid or intravenous methylene blue can be administered. The patient should be monitored for symptoms of serotonin syndrome for five weeks or until 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue, whichever comes first. Therapy with fluoxetine may be resumed 24 hours after the last dose of linezolid or intravenous methylene blue [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.2)].
The risk of administering methylene blue by non-intravenous routes (such as oral tablets or by local injection) or in intravenous doses much lower than 1 mg/kg with fluoxetine is unclear. The clinician should, nevertheless, be aware of the possibility of emergent symptoms of serotonin syndrome with such use [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.2)].

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