Gadavist (Page 3 of 11)

5.4 Acute Kidney Injury

In patients with chronic renal impairment, acute kidney injury sometimes requiring dialysis has been observed with the use of some GBCAs. Do not exceed the recommended dose; the risk of acute kidney injury may increase with higher than recommended doses.

5.5 Extravasation and Injection Site Reactions

Ensure catheter and venous patency before the injection of Gadavist. Extravasation into tissues during Gadavist administration may result in moderate irritation [see Nonclinical Toxicology (13.2)].

5.6 Overestimation of Extent of Malignant Disease in MRI of the Breast

Gadavist MRI of the breast overestimated the histologically confirmed extent of malignancy in the diseased breast in up to 50% of the patients [see Clinical Studies (14.2)].

5.7 Low Sensitivity for Significant Arterial Stenosis

The performance of Gadavist MRA for detecting arterial segments with significant stenosis (>50% renal, >70% supra-aortic) has not been shown to exceed 55%. Therefore, a negative MRA study alone should not be used to rule out significant stenosis [see Clinical Studies (14.3)].

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following serious adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in labeling:

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Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

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Hypersensitivity reactions [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice.

The adverse reactions described in this section reflect Gadavist exposure in 7,713 subjects (including 184 pediatric patients, ages 0 to 17 years) with the majority receiving the recommended dose. Approximately 52% of the subjects were male and the ethnic distribution was 62% Caucasian, 28% Asian, 5% Hispanic, 2.5% Black, and 2.5% patients of other ethnic groups. The average age was 55 years (range from 1 week to 93 years).

Overall, approximately 4% of subjects reported one or more adverse reactions during a follow-up period that ranged from 24 hours to 7 days after Gadavist administration.

Adverse reactions associated with the use of Gadavist were usually mild to moderate in severity and transient in nature.

Table 2 lists adverse reactions that occurred in ≥ 0.1% subjects who received Gadavist.

Table 2: Adverse Reactions

Reaction	Rate (%) n=6809
Headache	1.5
Nausea	1.1
Dizziness	0.5
Dysgeusia	0.4
Feeling Hot	0.4
Injection site reactions	0.4
Vomiting	0.4
Rash (includes generalized, macular, papular, pruritic)	0.3
Erythema	0.2
Paresthesia	0.2
Pruritus (includes generalized)	0.2
Dyspnea	0.1
Urticaria	0.1

Adverse reactions that occurred with a frequency of < 0.1% in subjects who received Gadavist include: hypersensitivity/anaphylactic reaction, loss of consciousness, convulsion, parosmia, tachycardia, palpitation, dry mouth, malaise and feeling cold.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

The following additional adverse reactions have been reported during postmarketing use of Gadavist. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

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Cardiac arrest

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Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF)

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Hypersensitivity reactions (anaphylactic shock, circulatory collapse, respiratory arrest, pulmonary edema, bronchospasm, cyanosis, oropharyngeal swelling, laryngeal edema, blood pressure increased, chest pain, angioedema, conjunctivitis, hyperhidrosis, cough, sneezing, burning sensation, and pallor) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]

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General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions: Adverse events with variable onset and duration have been reported after GBCA administration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. These include fatigue, asthenia, pain syndromes, and heterogeneous clusters of symptoms in the neurological, cutaneous, and musculoskeletal systems.

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Skin: Gadolinium associated plaques

8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

8.1 Pregnancy

Risk Summary

GBCAs cross the placenta and result in fetal exposure and gadolinium retention. The human data on the association between GBCAs and adverse fetal outcomes are limited and inconclusive (see Data). In animal reproduction studies, although teratogenicity was not observed, embryolethality was observed in monkeys, rabbits and rats receiving intravenous gadobutrol during organogenesis at doses 8 times and above the recommended human dose. Retardation of embryonal development was observed in rabbits and rats receiving intravenous gadobutrol during organogenesis at doses 8 and 12 times, respectively, the recommended human dose (see Data). Because of the potential risks of gadolinium to the fetus, use Gadavist only if imaging is essential during pregnancy and cannot be delayed.

The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and is 15 to 20%, respectively.

Data

Human Data.

Contrast enhancement is visualized in the placenta and fetal tissues after maternal GBCA administration.

Cohort studies and case reports on exposure to GBCAs during pregnancy have not reported a clear association between GBCAs and adverse effects in the exposed neonates. However, a retrospective cohort study, comparing pregnant women who had a GBCA MRI to pregnant women who did not have an MRI, reported a higher occurrence of stillbirths and neonatal deaths in the group receiving GBCA MRI. Limitations of this study include a lack of comparison with non-contrast MRI and lack of information about the maternal indication for MRI. Overall, these data preclude a reliable evaluation of the potential risk of adverse fetal outcomes with the use of GBCAs in pregnancy.