InnoPran XL

INNOPRAN XL- propranolol hydrochloride capsule, extended release
ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

INNOPRAN XL is indicated for the treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions. These benefits have been seen in controlled trials of antihypertensive drugs from a wide variety of pharmacologic classes, including beta-blockers.

Control of high blood pressure should be part of comprehensive cardiovascular risk management, including, as appropriate, lipid control, diabetes management, antithrombotic therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, and limited sodium intake. Many patients will require more than one drug to achieve blood pressure goals. For specific advice on goals and management, see published guidelines, such as those of the National High Blood Pressure Education Program’s Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC).

Numerous antihypertensive drugs, from a variety of pharmacologic classes and with different mechanisms of action, have been shown in randomized controlled trials to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and it can be concluded that it is blood pressure reduction, and not some other pharmacologic property of the drugs, that is largely responsible for those benefits. The largest and most consistent cardiovascular outcome benefit has been a reduction in the risk of stroke, but reductions in myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality also have been seen regularly.

Elevated systolic or diastolic pressure causes increased cardiovascular risk, and the absolute risk increase per mm Hg is greater at higher blood pressures, so that even modest reductions of severe hypertension can provide substantial benefit. Relative risk reduction from blood pressure reduction is similar across populations with varying absolute risk, so the absolute benefit is greater in patients who are at higher risk independent of their hypertension (for example, patients with diabetes or hyperlipidemia), and such patients would be expected to benefit from more aggressive treatment to a lower blood pressure goal.

Some antihypertensive drugs have smaller blood pressure effects (as monotherapy) in black patients, and many antihypertensive drugs have additional approved indications and effects (e.g., on angina, heart failure, or diabetic kidney disease). These considerations may guide selection of therapy.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

INNOPRAN XL should be administered once daily at bedtime and should be taken consistently either on an empty stomach or with food. Initiate dosing at 80 mg and titrate to 120 mg daily as needed for blood pressure control. Doses above 120 mg have no additional effects on blood pressure [see Clinical Studies (14.1)]. Full antihypertensive response is usually achieved within 2 to 3 weeks.

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

INNOPRAN XL Extended Release Capsules are supplied as capsules containing either 80 mg (equivalent to 70.14 mg of propranolol) or 120 mg (equivalent to 105.21 mg of propranolol) of propranolol hydrochloride imprinted with “InnoPran XL”. In addition, the 80 mg strength is a gray/white capsule imprinted with “80” and 2 segmented bands, while the 120 mg strength is a gray/off-white capsule imprinted with “120” and 3 segmented bands.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

INNOPRAN XL is contraindicated in patients with:

Cardiogenic shock or decompensated heart failure
Sinus bradycardia, sick sinus syndrome, and greater than first-degree block unless a permanent pacemaker is in place
Bronchial asthma
Known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic reaction) to propranolol hydrochloride or any of the components of INNOPRAN XL

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Cardiac Ischemia after Abrupt Discontinuation

Following abrupt discontinuation of therapy with beta-blockers, exacerbations of angina pectoris and myocardial infarction have occurred.

When discontinuing chronically administered INNOPRAN XL, particularly in patients with ischemic heart disease, gradually reduce the dose over a period of 1-2 weeks and monitor the patients. If angina markedly worsens or acute coronary insufficiency develops, promptly resume therapy, at least temporarily and take other measures appropriate for the management of unstable angina. Warn patients against interruption or discontinuation of therapy without physician’s advice.

Because coronary artery disease is common and may be unrecognized, avoid abrupt discontinuation of INNOPRAN XL therapy even in patients treated only for hypertension.

5.2 Cardiac Failure

Beta-blockers, like INNOPRAN XL, can cause depression of myocardial contractility and may precipitate heart failure and cardiogenic shock. If signs or symptoms of heart failure develop, treat the patient according to recommended guidelines. It may be necessary to lower the dose of INNOPRAN XL or to discontinue it.

5.3 Maintain During Major Surgery

Chronically administered beta-blocking therapy, including INNOPRAN XL, should not be routinely withdrawn prior to major surgery; however, the impaired ability of the heart to respond to reflex adrenergic stimuli may augment the risks of general anesthesia and surgical procedures.

5.4 Hypoglycemia

Beta-blockers may prevent early warning signs of hypoglycemia, such as tachycardia, and increase the risk for severe or prolonged hypoglycemia at any time during treatment, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus or children and patients who are fasting (i.e., surgery, not eating regularly, or are vomiting). If severe hypoglycemia occurs, patients should be instructed to seek emergency treatment.

5.5 Thyrotoxicosis

INNOPRAN XL may mask clinical signs of hyperthyroidism, such as tachycardia. Avoid abrupt withdrawal of beta-blockade, which may precipitate a thyroid storm.

5.6 Bradycardia

Bradycardia, including sinus pause, heart block, and cardiac arrest have occurred with the use of INNOPRAN XL. Patients with first-degree atrioventricular block, sinus node dysfunction, or conduction disorders (including Wolff-Parkinson-White) may be at increased risk. The concomitant use of beta-adrenergic blockers and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil and diltiazem), digoxin or clonidine increases the risk of significant bradycardia. Monitor heart rate and rhythm in patients receiving INNOPRAN XL. If severe bradycardia develops, reduce or stop INNOPRAN XL.

5.7 Reduced Effectiveness of Epinephrine in Treating Anaphylaxis

Beta adrenergic blocker-treated patients treated with epinephrine for a severe anaphylactic reaction may be less responsive to the typical doses of epinephrine. In these patients, consider other medications (e.g., intravenous fluids, glucagon).

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Adverse reactions occurring at a rate of ≥3%, excluding those reported more commonly in placebo, encountered in the INNOPRAN XL placebo-controlled hypertension trials and plausibly related to treatment are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Treatment-Emergent Adverse Reactions Reported In ≥3% of Subjects

Body System

Placebo (N=88)

INNOPRAN XL

80 mg (N=89)

120mg (N=85)

Fatigue

3 (3%)

4 (5%)

6 (7%)

Dizziness (except vertigo)

2 (2%)

6 (7%)

3 (4%)

Constipation

0

3 (3%)

1 (1%)

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