Kaletra (Page 2 of 11)

2.5 Dosage Recommendations in Pregnancy

Administer 400/100 mg of KALETRA twice daily in pregnant patients with no documented lopinavir-associated resistance substitutions.

• Once daily KALETRA dosing is not recommended in pregnancy [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] .
• There are insufficient data to recommend dosing in pregnant women with any documented lopinavir-associated resistance substitutions.
• No dosage adjustment of KALETRA is required for patients during the postpartum period.
• Avoid use of KALETRA oral solution in pregnant women [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1)] .

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

• Tablets:
  • 200 mg lopinavir, 50 mg ritonavir: Yellow, film-coated, ovaloid, debossed with the “a” logo and the code KA containing 200 mg lopinavir and 50 mg ritonavir.
  • 100 mg lopinavir, 25 mg ritonavir: Pale yellow, film-coated, ovaloid, debossed with the “a” logo and the code KC containing 100 mg lopinavir and 25 mg ritonavir.
  • 200 mg lopinavir, 50 mg ritonavir: Red, film-coated, ovaloid, debossed with the “a” logo and the code AL containing 200 mg lopinavir and 50 mg ritonavir.
  • 100 mg lopinavir, 25 mg ritonavir: Pink, film-coated, ovaloid, debossed with the “a” logo and the code AC containing 100 mg lopinavir and 25 mg ritonavir.
• Oral Solution:
  • Light yellow to orange colored liquid containing 400 mg lopinavir and 100 mg ritonavir per 5 mL (80 mg lopinavir and 20 mg ritonavir per mL).

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

• KALETRA is contraindicated in patients with previously demonstrated clinically significant hypersensitivity (e.g., toxic epidermal necrolysis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema multiforme, urticaria, angioedema) to any of its ingredients, including ritonavir.

• KALETRA is contraindicated with drugs that are highly dependent on CYP3A for clearance and for which elevated plasma concentrations are associated with serious and/or life-threatening reactions [see Drug Interactions ( 7.1) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] .
  • Alpha 1- Adrenoreceptor Antagonist: alfuzosin
  • Antianginal: ranolazine
  • Antiarrhythmic: dronedarone
  • Anti-gout: colchicine
  • Antipsychotics: lurasidone, pimozide
  • Ergot Derivatives: dihydroergotamine, ergotamine, methylergonovine
  • GI Motility Agent: cisapride
  • Hepatitis C direct acting antiviral: elbasvir/grazoprevir
  • HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors: lovastatin, simvastatin
  • ​Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) Inhibitor: lomitapideMicrosomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTTP) Inhibitor: lomitapide
  • PDE5 Inhibitor: sildenafil (Revatio ^®) when used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension
  • Sedative/Hypnotics: triazolam, orally administered midazolam
• KALETRA is contraindicated with drugs that are potent CYP3A inducers where significantly reduced lopinavir plasma concentrations may be associated with the potential for loss of virologic response and possible resistance and cross-resistance [see Drug Interactions ( 7.2) and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3)] .
  • Anticancer Agents: apalutamide
  • Antimycobacterial: rifampin
  • Herbal Products: St. John’s Wort (hypericum perforatum)

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Risk of Serious Adverse Reactions Due to Drug Interactions

Initiation of KALETRA, a CYP3A inhibitor, in patients receiving medications metabolized by CYP3A or initiation of medications metabolized by CYP3A in patients already receiving KALETRA, may increase plasma concentrations of medications metabolized by CYP3A. Initiation of medications that inhibit or induce CYP3A may increase or decrease concentrations of KALETRA, respectively. These interactions may lead to:

• Clinically significant adverse reactions, potentially leading to severe, life-threatening, or fatal events from greater exposures of concomitant medications.
• Clinically significant adverse reactions from greater exposures of KALETRA.
• Loss of therapeutic effect of KALETRA and possible development of resistance.

See Table 12 for steps to prevent or manage these possible and known significant drug interactions, including dosing recommendations [see Drug Interactions ( 7)] . Consider the potential for drug interactions prior to and during KALETRA therapy; review concomitant medications during KALETRA therapy, and monitor for the adverse reactions associated with the concomitant medications [see Contraindications ( 4) and Drug Interactions ( 7)] .

5.2 Toxicity in Preterm Neonates

KALETRA oral solution contains the excipients ethanol, approximately 42% (v/v) and propylene glycol, approximately 15% (w/v). When administered concomitantly with propylene glycol, ethanol competitively inhibits the metabolism of propylene glycol, which may lead to elevated concentrations. Preterm neonates may be at increased risk of propylene glycol-associated adverse events due to diminished ability to metabolize propylene glycol, thereby leading to accumulation and potential adverse events. Postmarketing life-threatening cases of cardiac toxicity (including complete AV block, bradycardia, and cardiomyopathy), lactic acidosis, acute renal failure, CNS depression and respiratory complications leading to death have been reported, predominantly in preterm neonates receiving KALETRA oral solution.

KALETRA oral solution should not be used in preterm neonates in the immediate postnatal period because of possible toxicities. A safe and effective dose of KALETRA oral solution in this patient population has not been established. However, if the benefit of using KALETRA oral solution to treat HIV infection in infants immediately after birth outweighs the potential risks, infants should be monitored closely for increases in serum osmolality and serum creatinine, and for toxicity related to KALETRA oral solution including: hyperosmolality, with or without lactic acidosis, renal toxicity, CNS depression (including stupor, coma, and apnea), seizures, hypotonia, cardiac arrhythmias and ECG changes, and hemolysis. Total amounts of ethanol and propylene glycol from all medicines that are to be given to infants should be taken into account in order to avoid toxicity from these excipients [see Dosage and Administration ( 2.4) and Overdosage ( 10)] .

5.3 Pancreatitis

Pancreatitis has been observed in patients receiving KALETRA therapy, including those who developed marked triglyceride elevations. In some cases, fatalities have been observed. Although a causal relationship to KALETRA has not been established, marked triglyceride elevations are a risk factor for development of pancreatitis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9)] . Patients with advanced HIV-1 disease may be at increased risk of elevated triglycerides and pancreatitis, and patients with a history of pancreatitis may be at increased risk for recurrence during KALETRA therapy.

Pancreatitis should be considered if clinical symptoms (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) or abnormalities in laboratory values (such as increased serum lipase or amylase values) suggestive of pancreatitis occur. Patients who exhibit these signs or symptoms should be evaluated and KALETRA and/or other antiretroviral therapy should be suspended as clinically appropriate.

5.4 Hepatotoxicity

Patients with underlying hepatitis B or C or marked elevations in transaminase prior to treatment may be at increased risk for developing or worsening of transaminase elevations or hepatic decompensation with use of KALETRA.

There have been postmarketing reports of hepatic dysfunction, including some fatalities. These have generally occurred in patients with advanced HIV-1 disease taking multiple concomitant medications in the setting of underlying chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. A causal relationship with KALETRA therapy has not been established.

Elevated transaminases with or without elevated bilirubin levels have been reported in HIV-1 mono-infected and uninfected patients as early as 7 days after the initiation of KALETRA in conjunction with other antiretroviral agents. In some cases, the hepatic dysfunction was serious; however, a definitive causal relationship with KALETRA therapy has not been established.

Appropriate laboratory testing should be conducted prior to initiating therapy with KALETRA and patients should be monitored closely during treatment. Increased AST/ALT monitoring should be considered in the patients with underlying chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, especially during the first several months of KALETRA treatment [see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.6)].