Lamivudine
LAMIVUDINE- lamivudine tablet
ECI Pharmaceuticals LLC
WARNING: LACTIC ACIDOSIS AND SEVERE HEPATOMEGALY, EXACERBATIONS OF HEPATITIS B, and DIFFERENT FORMULATIONS OF LAMIVUDINE TABLETS.
Lactic Acidosis and Severe Hepatomegaly with Steatosis :
Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues and other antiretrovirals. Discontinue lamivudine if clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity occur [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Exacerbations of Hepatitis B:
Severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B have been reported in patients who are co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and have discontinued lamivudine. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who discontinue lamivudine and are co-infected with HIV-1 and HBV. If appropriate, initiation of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
Important Differences Among Lamivudine – Containing Products:
Lamivudine tablets and oral solution (used to treat HIV-1 infection) contain a higher dose of the active ingredient (lamivudine) than EPIVIR-HBV® Tablets and oral solution (used to treat chronic HBV infection). Patients with HIV-1 infection should receive only dosage forms appropriate for treatment of HIV-1[see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE
Lamivudine tablets are a nucleoside analogue indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection.
Limitations of use:
- The dosage of this product is for HIV-1 and not for HBV.
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
2.1 Recommended Dosage for Adult Patients
The recommended dosage of lamivudine in HIV-1-infected adults is 300 mg daily, administered as either 150 mg taken orally twice daily or 300 mg taken orally once daily with or without food. If lamivudine is administered to a patient infected with HIV-1 and HBV, the dosage indicated for HIV-1 therapy should be used as part of an appropriate combination regimen [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].
2.2 Recommended Dosage for Pediatric Patients
The recommended dosage of lamivudine oral solution in HIV-1-infected pediatric patients aged 3 months and older is 4 mg per kg taken orally twice daily (up to a maximum of 300 mg daily), administered in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
Lamivudine scored tablet is the preferred formulation for HIV-1-infected pediatric patients who weigh at least 14 kg and for whom a solid dosage form is appropriate. Before prescribing Lamivudine scored tablets, pediatric patients should be assessed for the ability to swallow tablets. For patients unable to safely and reliably swallow Lamivudine tablets, the oral solution formulation should be prescribed [see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]. The recommended oral dosage of Lamivudine tablets for HIV-1-infected pediatric patients is presented in Table 1.
Weight ( kg ) | Twice – Daily Dosing Regimen Using Scored 150 – mg Tablet | ||
AM Dose | PM Dose | Total Daily dose | |
14 to <20 | ½ tablet (75 mg) | ½ tablet (75 mg) | 150 mg |
≥20 to<25 | ½ tablet (75 mg) | 1 tablet (150 mg) | 225 mg |
≥25 | 1 tablet (150 mg) | 1 tablet (150 mg) | 300 mg |
Additional pediatric use information for patients aged 3 months and above is approved for ViiV Healthcare Company’s EPIVIR® (lamivudine) tablets and oral solution. However, due to ViiV Healthcare Company’s marketing exclusivity rights, this drug product is not labeled with that pediatric information.
2.3 Patients with Renal Impairment
Dosing of lamivudine are adjusted in accordance with renal function. Dosage adjustments are listed in Table 2 [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].
Creatinine Clearance ( mL / min ) | Recommended Dosage of Lamivudine |
≥5030-4915-295-14<5 | 150 mg twice daily or 300 mg once daily150 mg once daily150 mg first dose, then 100 mg once daily150 mg first dose, then 50 mg once daily50 mg first dose, then 25 mg once daily |
No additional dosing of lamivudine is required after routine (4-hour) hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
Although there are insufficient data to recommend a specific dose adjustment of lamivudine in pediatric patients with renal impairment, a reduction in the dose and/or an increase in the dosing interval should be considered.
3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS
- Lamivudine Tablets, USP (scored)
Lamivudine Tablets, USP contain 150 mg of lamivudine. White, diamond-shaped, scored film-coated tablets debossed with “ECI” on one side of the score and “832” on other side of score.
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS
Lamivudine is contraindicated in patients with previous hypersensitivity reaction to lamivudine.
5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
5.1 Lactic Acidosis and Severe Hepatomegaly with Steatosis
Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogues and other antiretrovirals. A majority of these cases have been in women. Obesity and prolonged nucleoside exposure may be risk factors. Caution should be exercised when administering lamivudine tablets to any patient with known risk factors for liver disease; however, cases also have been reported in patients with no known risk factors. Treatment with lamivudine tablets should be suspended in any patient who develops clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity (which may include hepatomegaly and steatosis even in the absence of marked transaminase elevations)
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