Nateglinide

NATEGLINIDE- nateglinide tablet
American Health Packaging

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Nateglinide is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Limitations of Use: Nateglinide should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

The recommended dose of nateglinide is 120 mg orally three times daily before meals.

The recommended dose of nateglinide is 60 mg orally three times daily before meals in patients who are near glycemic goal when treatment is initiated.

Instruct patients to take nateglinide 1 to 30 minutes before meals.

In patients who skip meals, instruct patients to skip the scheduled dose of nateglinide to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

• 60 mg tablets: Pink color coated, round biconvex, beveled edge tablet debossed with “P 984” on one side and plain on the other side
• 120 mg tablets: Orange color coated, oval shaped biconvex, tablet debossed with “P 985” on one side and plain on the other side

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Nateglinide tablets are contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to nateglinide or its inactive ingredients.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Hypoglycemia

All glinides, including nateglinide, can cause hypoglycemia [see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]. Severe hypoglycemia can cause seizures, may be life-threatening, or cause death. Hypoglycemia can impair concentration ability and reaction time; this may place an individual and others at risk in situations where these abilities are important (e.g., driving or operating other machinery).

Hypoglycemia can happen suddenly and symptoms may differ in each individual and change over time in the same individual. Symptomatic awareness of hypoglycemia may be less pronounced in patients with longstanding diabetes, in patients with diabetic neuropathy (nerve disease), in patients using medications that block the sympathetic nervous system (e.g., beta-blockers) [see Drug Interactions (7)], or in patients who experience recurrent hypoglycemia.

Factors which may increase the risk of hypoglycemia include changes in meal pattern (e.g., macronutrient content), changes in level of physical activity, changes to coadministered medication [see Drug Interactions (7)], and concomitant use with other antidiabetic agents. Patients with renal or hepatic impairment may be at higher risk of hypoglycemia [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6, 8.7), Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

Patients should take nateglinide before meals and be instructed to skip the dose of nateglinide if a meal is skipped [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. Patients and caregivers must be educated to recognize and manage hypoglycemia. Self-monitoring of blood glucose plays an essential role in the prevention and management of hypoglycemia. In patients at higher risk for hypoglycemia and patients who have reduced symptomatic awareness of hypoglycemia, increased frequency of blood glucose monitoring is recommended.

5.2 Macrovascular Outcomes

There have been no clinical studies establishing conclusive evidence of macrovascular risk reduction with nateglinide.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following serious adverse reaction is also described elsewhere in the labeling:

• Hypoglycemia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

In clinical trials, approximately 2,600 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were treated with nateglinide. Of these, approximately 1,335 patients were treated for 6 months or longer and approximately 190 patients for one year or longer. Table 1 shows the most common adverse reactions associated with nateglinide.

Table 1: Adverse Reactions other than Hypoglycemia (%) occurring Greater than or Equal to 2% in Nateglinide-Treated Patients from Pool of 12 to 64 week Placebo Controlled Trials

	Placebo N = 458	Nateglinide N = 1441
Preferred Term
Upper Respiratory Infection	8.1	10.5
Back Pain	3.7	4.0
Flu Symptoms	2.6	3.6
Dizziness	2.2	3.6
Arthropathy	2.2	3.3
Diarrhea	3.1	3.2
Accidental Trauma	1.7	2.9
Bronchitis	2.6	2.7
Coughing	2.2	2.4

Hypoglycemia
Episodes of severe hypoglycemia (plasma glucose less than 36 mg/dL) were reported in two patients treated with nateglinide. Non-severe hypoglycemia occurred in 2.4 % of nateglinide treated patients and 0.4 % of placebo-treated patients [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

Weight Gain
Patients treated with nateglinide had statistically significant mean increases in weight compared to placebo. In clinical trials, the mean weight increases with nateglinide 60 mg (3 times daily) and nateglinide 120 mg (3 times daily) compared to placebo were 1.0 kg and 1.6 kg, respectively.

Laboratory TestIncreases in Uric Acid: There were increases in mean uric acid levels for patients treated with nateglinide alone, nateglinide in combination with metformin, metformin alone, and glyburide alone. The respective differences from placebo were 0.29 mg/dL, 0.45 mg/dL, 0.28 mg/dL, and 0.19 mg/dL.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of nateglinide. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

• Hypersensitivity Reactions: Rash, itching, and urticaria
• Hepatobiliary Disorders: Jaundice, cholestatic hepatitis, and elevated liver enzymes