Oxaliplatin

OXALIPLATIN- oxaliplatin injection, solution
Ingenus Pharmaceuticals, LLC

WARNING: ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS

Anaphylactic reactions to oxaliplatin have been reported , and may occur within minutes of oxaliplatin administration. Epinephrine , corticosteroids , and antihistamines have been employed to alleviate symptoms of anaphylaxis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Oxaliplatin injection, used in combination with infusional fluorouracil/leucovorin, is indicated for:

  • adjuvant treatment of Stage III colon cancer in patients who have undergone complete resection of the primary tumor.
  • treatment of advanced colorectal cancer.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

Administer oxaliplatin injection under the supervision of a qualified physician experienced in the use of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. Appropriate management of therapy and complications is possible only when adequate diagnostic and treatment facilities are readily available.

2.1 Dosage

Administer oxaliplatin injection in combination with fluorouracil/leucovorin every 2 weeks. For advanced disease, treatment is recommended until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. For adjuvant use, treatment is recommended for a total of 6 months (12 cycles):

Day 1: Oxaliplatin injection 85 mg/m2 intravenous infusion in 250 to 500 mL 5% Dextrose Injection and leucovorin 200 mg/m2 intravenous infusion in 5% Dextrose Injection both given over 120 minutes at the same time in separate bags using a Y-line, followed by fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 intravenous bolus given over 2 to 4 minutes, followed by fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 intravenous infusion in 500 mL 5% Dextrose Injection (recommended) as a 22-hour continuous infusion.

Day 2: Leucovorin 200 mg/m2 intravenous infusion over 120 minutes, followed by fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 intravenous bolus given over 2 to 4 minutes, followed by fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 intravenous infusion in 500 mL 5% Dextrose Injection (recommended) as a 22-hour continuous infusion.

Figure 1

Figure 1
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The administration of oxaliplatin injection does not require prehydration. Premedication with antiemetics, including 5-HT3 blockers with or without dexamethasone, is recommended.

For information on fluorouracil and leucovorin, see the respective package inserts.

2.2 Dose Modification Recommendations

Prior to subsequent therapy cycles, evaluate patients for clinical toxicities and recommended laboratory tests [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]. Prolongation of infusion time for oxaliplatin injection from 2 hours to 6 hours may mitigate acute toxicities. The infusion times for fluorouracil and leucovorin do not need to be changed.

Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with Stage III Colon Cancer

Neuropathy and other toxicities were graded using the NCI CTC scale version 1 [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ].

For patients who experience persistent Grade 2 neurosensory events that do not resolve, consider a dose reduction of oxaliplatin injection to 75 mg/m2. For patients with persistent Grade 3 neurosensory events, consider discontinuing therapy. The infusional fluorouracil/leucovorin regimen need not be altered.

A dose reduction of oxaliplatin injection to 75 mg/m2 and infusional fluorouracil to 300 mg/m2 bolus and 500 mg/m2 22 hour infusion is recommended for patients after recovery from Grade 3/4 gastrointestinal (despite prophylactic treatment), or Grade 4 neutropenia, or febrile neutropenia, or Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia. Delay the next dose until: neutrophils ≥ 1.5 x 109 /L and platelets ≥ 75 x 109 /L.

Dose Modifications in Therapy in Previously Untreated and Previously Treated Patients with Advanced Colorectal Cancer

Neuropathy was graded using a study-specific neurotoxicity scale [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].Other toxicities were graded by the NCI CTC, Version 2.0.

For patients who experience persistent Grade 2 neurosensory events that do not resolve, consider a dose reduction of oxaliplatin injection to 65 mg/m2. For patients with persistent Grade 3 neurosensory events, consider discontinuing therapy. The fluorouracil/leucovorin regimen need not be altered.

A dose reduction of oxaliplatin injection to 65 mg/m2 and fluorouracil by 20% (300 mg/m2 bolus and 500 mg/m2 22 hour infusion) is recommended for patients after recovery from Grade 3/4 gastrointestinal (despite prophylactic treatment), or Grade 4 neutropenia, or febrile neutropenia, or Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia. Delay the next dose until: neutrophils ≥ 1.5 x 109 /L and platelets ≥ 75 x 109 /L.

Dose Modifications in Therapy for Patients with Renal Impairment

In patients with normal renal function or mild to moderate renal impairment, the recommended dose of oxaliplatin injection is 85 mg/m2. In patients with severe renal impairment, the recommended oxaliplatin injection dose is 65 mg/m2 [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

2.3 Preparation of Infusion Solution

Oxaliplatin injection is a cytotoxic drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures.1

Do not freeze and protect from light the concentrated solution.

A final dilution must never be performed with a sodium chloride solution or other chloride-containing solutions.

The solution must be further diluted in an infusion solution of 250 to 500 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection.

After dilution with 250 to 500 mL of 5% Dextrose Injection, the shelf life is 6 hours at room temperature [20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F)] or up to 24 hours under refrigeration [2°C to 8°C (36°C to 46°F)]. After final dilution, protection from light is not required.

Oxaliplatin injection is incompatible in solution with alkaline medications or media (such as basic solutions of fluorouracil) and must not be mixed with these or administered simultaneously through the same infusion line. The infusion line should be flushed with 5% Dextrose Injection prior to administration of any concomitant medication.

Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration and discarded if present.

Needles or intravenous administration sets containing aluminum parts that may come in contact with oxaliplatin injection should not be used for the preparation or mixing of the drug. Aluminum has been reported to cause degradation of platinum compounds.

Discard unused portion.

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Injection: 50 mg/10 mL (5 mg/mL) and 100 mg/20 mL (5 mg/mL) as a sterile, preservative-free, aqueous solution in single-dose vials.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Oxaliplatin injection should not be administered to patients with a history of known allergy to oxaliplatin or other platinum compounds [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Allergic Reactions

Grade 3/4 hypersensitivity, including anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions, to oxaliplatin has been observed in 2% to 3% of colon cancer patients. These allergic reactions which can be fatal, can occur within minutes of administration and at any cycle, and were similar in nature and severity to those reported with other platinum-containing compounds, such as rash, urticaria, erythema, pruritus, and, rarely, bronchospasm and hypotension. The symptoms associated with hypersensitivity reactions reported in the previously untreated patients were urticaria, pruritus, flushing of the face, diarrhea associated with oxaliplatin infusion, shortness of breath, bronchospasm, diaphoresis, chest pains, hypotension, disorientation and syncope. These reactions are usually managed with standard epinephrine, corticosteroid, antihistamine therapy, and require discontinuation of therapy. Rechallenge is contraindicated in these patients [see Contraindications (4)]. Drug-related deaths associated with platinum compounds from anaphylaxis have been reported.

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