OXAPROZIN (Page 3 of 8)

5.10 Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS)

Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) has been reported in patients taking NSAIDs such as oxaprozin. Some of these events have been fatal or life-threatening. DRESS typically, although not exclusively, presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and/or facial swelling. Other clinical manifestations may include hepatitis, nephritis, hematological abnormalities, myocarditis, or myositis. Sometimes symptoms of DRESS may resemble an acute viral infection.

Eosinophilia is often present. Because this disorder is variable in its presentation, other organ systems not noted here may be involved. It is important to note that early manifestations of hypersensitivity, such as fever or lymphadenopathy, may be present even though rash is not evident. If such signs or symptoms are present, discontinue oxaprozin and evaluate the patient immediately.

5.11 Fetal Toxicity

Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus

Avoid use of NSAIDs, including oxaprozin, in pregnant women at about 30 weeks gestation and later. NSAIDs, including oxaprozin, increase the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus at approximately this gestational age.

Oligohydramnios/Neonatal Renal Impairment

Use of NSAIDs, including oxaprozin, at about 20 weeks gestation or later in pregnancy may cause fetal renal dysfunction leading to oligohydramnios and, in some cases, neonatal renal impairment. These adverse outcomes are seen, on average, after days to weeks of treatment, although oligohydramnios has been infrequently reported as soon as 48 hours after NSAID initiation.

Oligohydramnios is often, but not always, reversible with treatment discontinuation. Complications of prolonged oligohydramnios may, for example, include limb contractures and delayed lung maturation. In some postmarketing cases of impaired neonatal renal function, invasive procedures such as exchange transfusion or dialysis were required.

If NSAID treatment is necessary between about 20 weeks and 30 weeks gestation, limit oxaprozin use to the lowest effective dose and shortest duration possible. Consider ultrasound monitoring of amniotic fluid if oxaprozin treatment extends beyond 48 hours. Discontinue oxaprozin if oligohydramnios occurs and follow up according to clinical practice [ see Use in Specific Populations ( 8.1) ].

5.12 Hematologic Toxicity

Anemia has occurred in NSAID-treated patients. This may be due to occult or gross blood loss, fluid retention, or an incompletely described effect on erythropoiesis. If a patient treated with oxaprozin tablets has any signs or symptoms of anemia, monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit.

NSAIDs, including oxaprozin tablets, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Co-morbid conditions such as coagulation disorders or concomitant use of warfarin, other anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs (e.g., aspirin), SSRIs, and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may increase this risk. Monitor these patients for signs of bleeding [ see Drug Interactions ( 7) ].

5.13 Masking of Inflammation and Fever

The pharmacological activity of oxaprozin tablets in reducing inflammation, and possibly fever, may diminish the utility of diagnostic signs in detecting infections.

5.14 Laboratory Monitoring

Because serious GI bleeding, hepatotoxicity, and renal injury can occur without warning symptoms or signs, consider monitoring patients on long-term NSAID treatment with a complete blood count (CBC) and a chemistry profile periodically [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2, 5.3, 5.6) ].

5.15 Photosensitivity

Oxaprozin has been associated with rash and/or mild photosensitivity in dermatologic testing. An increased incidence of rash on sun-exposed skin was seen in some patients in the clinical trials.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:

  • Cardiovascular Thrombotic Events [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1) ]
  • GI Bleeding, Ulceration and Perforation [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2) ]
  • Hepatotoxicity [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3) ]
  • Hypertension [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4) ]
  • Heart Failure and Edema [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5) ]
  • Renal Toxicity and Hyperkalemia [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6) ]
  • Anaphylactic Reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7) ]
  • Serious Skin Reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.9) ]
  • Hematologic Toxicity [ see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.12) ]

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Adverse reaction data were derived from patients who received oxaprozin tablets in multidose, controlled, and open-label clinical trials. Rates for events from clinical trial experience are based on 2,253 patients who took 1,200 mg to 1,800 mg oxaprozin tablets per day in clinical trials. Of these, 1,721 patients were treated for at least 1 month, 971 patients for at least 3 months, and 366 patients for more than 1 year.

Incidence Greater than 1%: In clinical trials of oxaprozin or in patients taking other NSAIDs, the following adverse reactions occurred at an incidence greater than 1%.

Cardiovascular system : edema.

Digestive system : abdominal pain/distress, anorexia, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, gastrointestinal ulcers (gastric/duodenal), gross bleeding/perforation, heartburn, liver enzyme elevations, nausea, vomiting.

Hematologic system : anemia, increased bleeding time.

Nervous system : CNS inhibition (depression, sedation, somnolence, or confusion), disturbance of sleep, dizziness, headache.

Skin and appendages : pruritus, rash.

Special senses : tinnitus.

Urogenital system : abnormal renal function, dysuria or frequency.

Incidence Greater than 1%: The following adverse reactions were reported in clinical trials or in patients taking other NSAIDs.

Body as a whole : appetite changes, death, drug hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis, fever, infection, sepsis .

Cardiovascular system : arrhythmia, blood pressure changes, congestive heart failure, hypertension, hypotension, myocardial infarction, palpitations, tachycardia, syncope, vasculitis.

Digestive system : alteration in taste, dry mouth, eructation, esophagitis, gastritis, glossitis, hematemesis, jaundice, liver function abnormalities including liver failure, stomatitis, hemorrhoidal or rectal bleeding .

Hematologic system : aplastic anemia, ecchymoses, eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, lymphadenopathy, melena, purpura, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia.

Metabolic system : hyperglycemia, weight changes.

Nervous system : anxiety, asthenia, coma, convulsions, dream abnormalities, drowsiness, hallucinations, insomnia, malaise, meningitis, nervousness, paresthesia, tremors, vertigo, weakness.

Respiratory system : asthma, dyspnea, pulmonary infections, pneumonia, sinusitis, symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, respiratory depression.

Skin : alopecia, angioedema, urticaria, photosensitivity, sweat.

Special senses : blurred vision, conjunctivitis, hearing decrease.

Urogenital : cystitis, hematuria, increase in menstrual flow, oliguria/ polyuria, proteinuria, renal insufficiency, decreased menstrual flow.

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