Ranolazine

RANOLAZINE- ranolazine tablet, film coated, extended release
AvKARE

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Ranolazine extended-release tablets are indicated for the treatment of chronic angina.

Ranolazine extended-release tablets may be used with beta-blockers, nitrates, calcium channel blockers, anti-platelet therapy, lipid-lowering therapy, ACE inhibitors, and angiotensin receptor blockers.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 Dosing Information

Initiate Ranolazine extended-release tablets dosing at 500 mg twice daily and increase to 1000 mg twice daily, as needed, based on clinical symptoms. Take Ranolazine extended-release tablets with or without meals. Swallow Ranolazine extended-release tablets whole; do not crush, break, or chew.

The maximum recommended daily dose of Ranolazine extended-release tablets is 1000 mg twice daily.

If a dose of Ranolazine extended-release tablets is missed, take the prescribed dose at the next scheduled time; do not double the next dose.

2.2 Dose Modification

Dose adjustments may be needed when ranolazine extended-release tablets is taken in combination with certain other drugs [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ]. Limit the maximum dose of ranolazine extended-release tablets to 500 mg twice daily in patients on moderate CYP3A inhibitors such as diltiazem, verapamil, and erythromycin. Use of ranolazine extended-release tablets with strong CYP3A inhibitors is contraindicated [see Contraindications (4) , Drug Interactions (7.1) ]. Use of P-gp inhibitors, such as cyclosporine, may increase exposure to ranolazine extended-release tablets. Titrate ranolazine extended-release tablets based on clinical response [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ].

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Ranolazine extended-release tablets are supplied as film-coated, oblong-shaped, extended-release tablets in the following strengths:

  • 500 mg tablets are orange, with one side debossed “S246” and plain on the other side.
  • 1000 mg tablets are yellow, with one side debossed “S247” and plain on the other side.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Ranolazine extended-release tablets are contraindicated in patients:

  • Taking strong inhibitors of CYP3A [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ]
  • Taking inducers of CYP3A [see Drug Interactions (7.1) ]
  • With liver cirrhosis [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) ]

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 QT Interval Prolongation

Ranolazine blocks I Kr and prolongs the QTc interval in a dose-related manner.

Clinical experience in an acute coronary syndrome population did not show an increased risk of proarrhythmia or sudden death [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ]. However, there is little experience with high doses (>1000 mg twice daily) or exposure, other QT-prolonging drugs, potassium channel variants resulting in a long QT interval, in patients with a family history of (or congenital) long QT syndrome, or in patients with known acquired QT interval prolongation.

5.2 Renal Failure

Acute renal failure has been observed in some patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CrCL] <30 mL/min) while taking ranolazine extended-release tablets. If acute renal failure develops (e.g., marked increase in serum creatinine associated with an increase in blood urea nitrogen [BUN]), discontinue ranolazine extended-release tablets and treat appropriately [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7) ].

Monitor renal function after initiation and periodically in patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (CrCL<60 mL/min) for increases in serum creatinine accompanied by an increase in BUN.

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

A total of 2018 patients with chronic angina were treated with ranolazine in controlled clinical trials. Of the patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets, 1026 were enrolled in three double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized studies (CARISA, ERICA, MARISA) of up to 12 weeks’ duration. In addition, upon study completion, 1251 patients received treatment with ranolazine extended-release tablets in open-label, long-term studies; 1227 patients were exposed to ranolazine extended-release tablets for more than 1 year, 613 patients for more than 2 years, 531 patients for more than 3 years, and 326 patients for more than 4 years.

At recommended doses, about 6% of patients discontinued treatment with ranolazine extended-release tablets because of an adverse event in controlled studies in angina patients compared to about 3% on placebo. The most common adverse events that led to discontinuation more frequently on ranolazine extended-release tablets than placebo were dizziness (1.3% versus 0.1%), nausea (1% versus 0%), asthenia, constipation, and headache (each about 0.5% versus 0%). Doses above 1000 mg twice daily are poorly tolerated.

In controlled clinical trials of angina patients, the most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse reactions (>4% and more common on ranolazine extended-release tablets than on placebo) were dizziness (6.2%), headache (5.5%), constipation (4.5%), and nausea (4.4%). Dizziness may be dose-related. In open-label, long-term treatment studies, a similar adverse reaction profile was observed.

The following additional adverse reactions occurred at an incidence of 0.5 to 4.0% in patients treated with ranolazine extended-release tablets and were more frequent than the incidence observed in placebo-treated patients:

Cardiac Disorders – bradycardia, palpitations

Ear and Labyrinth Disorders – tinnitus, vertigo

Eye Disorders – blurred vision

Gastrointestinal Disorders – abdominal pain, dry mouth, vomiting, dyspepsia

General Disorders and Administrative Site Adverse Events – asthenia, peripheral edema

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders – anorexia

Nervous System Disorders – syncope (vasovagal)

Psychiatric Disorders – confusional state

Renal and Urinary Disorders – hematuria

Respiratory , Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders – dyspnea

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders – hyperhidrosis

Vascular Disorders – hypotension, orthostatic hypotension

Other (<0.5%) but potentially medically important adverse reactions observed more frequently with ranolazine extended-release tablets than placebo treatment in all controlled studies included: angioedema, renal failure, eosinophilia, chromaturia, blood urea increased, hypoesthesia, paresthesia, tremor, pulmonary fibrosis, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and pancytopenia.

A large clinical trial in acute coronary syndrome patients was unsuccessful in demonstrating a benefit for ranolazine extended-release tablets, but there was no apparent proarrhythmic effect in these high-risk patients [see Clinical Studies (14.2) ].

Laboratory Abnormalities:

Ranolazine extended-release tablets produce elevations of serum creatinine by 0.1 mg/dL, regardless of previous renal function, likely because of inhibition of creatinine’s tubular secretion. In general, the elevation has a rapid onset, shows no signs of progression during long-term therapy, is reversible after discontinuation of ranolazine extended-release tablets, and is not accompanied by changes in BUN. In healthy volunteers, ranolazine extended-release tablets 1000 mg twice daily had no effect upon the glomerular filtration rate. More marked and progressive increases in serum creatinine, associated with increases in BUN or potassium, indicating acute renal failure, have been reported after initiation of ranolazine extended-release tablets in patients with severe renal impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) , Use in Specific Populations (8.7) ].

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