Salvax
SALVAX- salicylic acid aerosol, foam
Exeltis USA Dermatology, LLC
Disclaimer: This drug has not been found by FDA to be safe and effective, and this labeling has not been approved by FDA. For further information about unapproved drugs, click here.
salicylic acid, 6%
For Topical Dermatological Use Only
Hydrating Topical Foam
(salicylic acid 6% in a water and lipid based foam)
Rx Only
DESCRIPTION
SALVAX is applied topically and used in the removal of excessive keratin in hyperkeratotic skin disorders. Each gram of SALVAX contains salicylic acid 6% as the active ingredient, and the following inactive ingredients: dimethicone, ethylparaben, glycerin, methylcellulose, methylparaben, phenoxyethanol, polyoxyl 40 stearate, polysorbate 20, polysorbate 80, povidone, propylene glycol, propylparaben, purified water, sodium citrate, sodium hydroxide, stearic acid, and trolamine and as propellants isobutane and propane.
CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
Salicylic acid is the 2-hydroxy derivative of benzoic acid having the following chemical structure:
Chemical Structure
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Salicylic acid has been shown to produce desquamation of the horny layer of skin while not affecting qualitative or quantitative changes in structure of the viable epidermis. The mechanism of action has been attributed to dissolution of intercellular cement substance. In a study of the percutaneous absorption of salicylic acid from SALVAX in four patients with extensive active psoriasis, Taylor and Halprin showed that peak serum salicylate levels never exceeded 5 mg/100 ml even though more than 60% of the applied salicylic acid was absorbed. Systemic toxic reactions are usually associated with much higher serum levels (30 to 40 mg/100 ml). Peak serum levels occurred within 5 hours of the topical application under occlusion. The sites were occluded for 10 hours over the entire body surface below the neck. Since salicylates are distributed in the extracellular space, patients with a contracted extracellular space due to dehydration or diuretics have higher salicylate levels than those with a normal extracellular space. (See PRECAUTIONS).
The major metabolites identified in the urine after topical administration are salicyluric acid (52%), salicylate glucuronides (42%), and free salicylic acid (6%). The urinary metabolites after percutaneous absorption differ from those after oral salicylate administration; those derived from percutaneous absorption contain more glucuronides and less salicyluric and salicylic acid. Almost 95% of a single dose of salicylate is excreted within 24 hours of its entrance into the extracellular space.
Fifty to eighty percent of salicylate is protein bound to albumin. Salicylates compete with the binding of several drugs and can modify the action of these drugs. By similar competitive mechanisms other drugs can influence the serum levels of salicylate. (See PRECAUTIONS).
PHARMACOKINETICS
The mechanism of action of topically applied salicylic acid has been attributed to the dissolution of intercellular cement substance.
Salvax Indications and Usage
For dermatologic Use
SALVAX is a topical aid in the removal of excessive keratin in hyperkeratotic skin disorders, including verrucae and the various ichthyoses, keratosis palmaris and plantaris, keratosis pilaris, pityriasis rubra pilaris, and psoriasis.
For Podiatric Use
SALVAX is a topical aid in the removal of excessive keratin on dorsal and plantar hyperkeratotic lesions.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
SALVAX should not be used in any patient known to be sensitive to salicylic acid or any other listed ingredients.
WARNINGS
SALVAX is for external use only. It is not for ophthalmic, oral, anal or intravaginal use. Contact with eyes, lips, broken or inflamed skin, and all mucous membranes should be avoided. SALVAX should not be used by persons who have a known hypersensitivity to salicylic acid or any of the other listed ingredients.
Prolonged use over large areas, especially in children and those patients with significant renal or hepatic impairment could result in salicylism. Concomitant use of other drugs which may contribute to elevated serum salicylate levels should be avoided where the potential for toxicity is present. In children under 12 years of age and those patients with renal or hepatic impairment, the area to be treated should be limited and the patient monitored closely for signs of salicylate toxicity: nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of hearing, tinnitus, lethargy, hyperpnoea, diarrhea, psychic disturbances. In the event of salicylic acid toxicity, the use of SALVAX should be discontinued. Fluids should be administered to promote urinary excretion. Treatment with sodium bicarbonate (oral or intravenous) should be instituted as appropriate.
Considering the potential risk of developing Reye’s syndrome, salicylate products should not be administered to children or teenagers with varicella or influenza, unless directed by a physician.
PRECAUTIONS
SALVAX should be used only as directed by a physician and should not be used to treat any condition other than that for which it is prescribed. SALVAX should not be used on any skin area where inflammation or exudation is present as increased absorption may occur. If redness or irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult with prescribing physician.
Drug Interactions
(The following interactions are from a published review and include reports concerning both oral and topical salicylate administration. The relationship of these interactions to the use of SALVAX is not known.)
- Due to the competition of salicylate with other drugs for binding to serum albumin the following drug interactions may occur:
Drug Description of Interaction Tolbutamide;
SulfonylureasHypoglycemia potentiated Methotrexate Decreases tubular reabsorption; clinical toxicity from methotrexate can result Oral Anticoagulants Increased bleeding - Drugs changing salicylate levels by altering renal tubular reabsorption:
Drug Description Corticosteroids Decreases plasma salicylate level; tapering doses of steroids may promote salicylism Ammonium Sulfate Increases plasma salicylate level - Drugs with complicated interactions with salicylates:
Drug Description Heparin Salicylate decreases platelet adhesiveness and interferes with hemostasis in heparin-treated patients Pyrazinamide Inhibits pyrazinamide-induced hyperuricemia Uricosuric Agents Effect of probenecid, sulfinpyrazone and phenylbutazone inhibited
The following alterations of laboratory tests have been reported during salicylate therapy:
| Laboratory Tests | Effect of Salicylates |
|---|---|
| Thyroid Function | Decreased PBI; increased T 3 uptake |
| Urinary Sugar | False negative with glucose oxidase; false positive with Clinitest with high-dose salicylate therapy (2-5 g qd) |
| 5 Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid | False negative with fluorometric test |
| Acetone, Ketone Bodies | False positive FeCl 3 in Gerhardt reaction; red color persists with boiling |
| 17-OH corticosteroids | False reduced values with >4.8 g qd salicylate |
| Vanilmandelic Acid | False reduced values |
| Uric Acid | May increase or decrease depending on dose |
| Prothrombin | Decreased levels; slightly increased prothrombin time |
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