Tramadol Hydrochloride

TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE- tramadol hydrochloride capsule, extended release
Mas Management Group, Inc.

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is indicated for the management of moderate to moderately severe chronic pain in adults who require around-the-clock treatment of their pain for an extended period of time.

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 General Dosing Considerations

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is an extended-release formulation intended for once a day dosing in adults aged 18 years and older. The capsules must be swallowed whole with liquid and must not be split, chewed, dissolved or crushed. Chewing, crushing, dissolving or splitting the capsule could result in the uncontrolled delivery of tramadol, in overdose and death [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.11), DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE (9), AND OVERDOSE (10.1)].

Do not administer Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release at a dose exceeding 300 mg per day. Do not use Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release more than once daily or concomitantly with other tramadol products [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.12)].

2.2 Patients Not Currently on Tramadol Immediate-Release Products

Initiate treatment with Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release at a dose of 100 mg once daily and titrated up as necessary to 150 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg every five days to achieve a balance between relief of pain and tolerability.

2.3 Patients Currently on Tramadol Immediate-Release Products

Calculate the 24-hour tramadol IR dose and initiate a total daily dose of Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release rounded down to the next lowest 100 mg dose. The dose may subsequently be individualized according to patient need. Due to limitations in flexibility of dose selection with Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release, some patients maintained on tramadol IR products may not be able to convert to Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release.

2.4 Patients 65 Years of Age and Older

Dosing of an elderly patient (over 65 years of age) should be initiated cautiously, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal or cardiac function and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release should be administered with even greater caution in patients over 75 years, due to the greater frequency of adverse events seen in this population.

2.5 Patients with Renal Impairment

The limited availability of dose strengths and once daily dosing of Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release Capsules do not permit the dosing flexibility required for safe use in patients with severe renal impairment. Do not use Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release in patients with creatinine clearance less than 30 mL/min [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.6) and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3)].

2.6 Patients with Hepatic Impairment

The limited availability of dose strengths and once daily dosing of Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release capsules do not permit the dosing flexibility required for safe use in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Do not use Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class C) [see USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS (8.7) and CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3)].

2.7 Discontinuation of Treatment

Withdrawal symptoms may occur if Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is discontinued abruptly. Clinical experience with tramadol suggests that withdrawal symptoms may be reduced by tapering Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.10) and DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE (9.3)].

2.8 Food Effects

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release may be taken without regard to food [see CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3)].

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is available in 150 mg capsules.

150 mg Capsules: White capsule imprinted with gold ink “G 322” on cap and “150” between lines on the body

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is contraindicated in patients who have previously demonstrated hypersensitivity to tramadol, any other component of Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release, or opioids. Reactions range from pruritis to fatal anaphylactoid reactions [see WARNINGS ANDPRECAUTIONS (5.4)].

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is contraindicated in patients with significant respiratory depression in unmonitored settings or the absence of resuscitative equipment.

Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release is contraindicated in patients with acute or severe bronchial asthma or hypercapnia in unmonitored settings or the absence of resuscitative equipment.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Seizure Risk

Seizures have been reported in patients receiving tramadol within the recommended dosage range. Spontaneous post-marketing reports indicate that seizure risk is increased with doses of tramadol above the recommended range. Concomitant use of tramadol increases the seizure risk in patients taking: [see DRUG INTERACTIONS (7.1, 7.2)]

  • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) antidepressants or anorectics,
  • Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and other tricyclic compounds (e.g., cyclobenzaprine, promethazine, etc.),
  • Other opioids,
  • MAO inhibitors [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.9)],
  • Neuroleptics, or
  • Other drugs that reduce the seizure threshold.

Risk of seizures may also increase in patients with epilepsy, those with a history of seizures, or in patients with a recognized risk for seizure (such as head trauma, metabolic disorders, alcohol and drug withdrawal, CNS infections).

In tramadol overdose, naloxone administration may increase the risk of seizure.

5.2 Suicide Risk

  • Do not prescribe Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release for patients who are suicidal or addiction-prone. Consideration should be given to the use of non-narcotic analgesics in patients who are suicidal or depressed [see DRUG ABUSE AND DEPENDENCE (9.2)].
  • Prescribe Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release with caution for patients with a history of misuse and/or are taking CNS-active drugs including tranquilizers or antidepressant drugs, or alcohol in excess, and patients who suffer from emotional disturbance or depression [see DRUG INTERACTIONS (7.5)].
  • Tell your patients not to exceed the recommended dose and to limit their intake of alcohol [see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION (2.1) and WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.6)].

5.3 Serotonin Syndrome Risk

The development of a potentially life-threatening serotonin syndrome may occur with use of tramadol products, including Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended- Release, particularly with concomitant use of serotonergic drugs such as SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs and triptans, with drugs which impair metabolism of serotonin (including MAOIs) and with drugs which impair metabolism of tramadol (CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 inhibitors). This may occur within the recommended dose. [See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY (12.3)].

Serotonin syndrome may include mental-status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, hyperthermia), neuromuscular aberrations (e.g., hyperreflexia, incoordination) and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea).

5.4 Anaphylactoid Reactions

Serious and rarely fatal anaphylactoid reactions have been reported in patients receiving therapy with tramadol. When these events do occur it is often following the first dose. Other reported allergic reactions include pruritus, hives, bronchospasm, angioedema, toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Patients with a history of anaphylactoid reactions to codeine and other opioids may be at increased risk and therefore should not receive Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release [see CONTRAINDICATIONS (4)].

5.5 Respiratory Depression

Administer Tramadol Hydrochloride Extended-Release cautiously in patients at risk for respiratory depression. In these patients alternative non-opioid analgesics should be considered. If large doses of tramadol are administered with anesthetic medications or alcohol, respiratory depression may result. Respiratory depression should be treated as an overdose. If naloxone is to be administered, use cautiously because it may precipitate seizures [see WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS (5.1) and OVERDOSAGE (10)].

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