VEMLIDY

VEMLIDY- tenofovir alafenamide fumarate tablet
Gilead Sciences, Inc.

WARNING: POSTTREATMENT SEVERE ACUTE EXACERBATION OF HEPATITIS B

Discontinuation of anti-hepatitis B therapy, including VEMLIDY, may result in severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B. Hepatic function should be monitored closely with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months in patients who discontinue anti-hepatitis B therapy, including VEMLIDY. If appropriate, resumption of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE

VEMLIDY is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older with compensated liver disease [see Clinical Studies (14)].

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

2.1 Testing Prior to Initiation of VEMLIDY

Prior to initiation of VEMLIDY, patients should be tested for HIV-1 infection. VEMLIDY alone should not be used in patients with HIV-1 infection [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Prior to or when initiating VEMLIDY, and during treatment with VEMLIDY on a clinically appropriate schedule, assess serum creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients. In patients with chronic kidney disease, also assess serum phosphorus [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

2.2 Recommended Dosage in Adults and Pediatric Patients 12 Years of Age and Older

The recommended dosage of VEMLIDY in adults and pediatric patients 12 years of age and older is one 25 mg tablet taken orally once daily with food [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

2.3 Dosage in Patients with Renal Impairment

No dosage adjustment of VEMLIDY is required in patients with estimated creatinine clearance greater than or equal to 15 mL per minute, or in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD; estimated creatinine clearance below 15 mL per minute) who are receiving chronic hemodialysis. On days of hemodialysis, administer VEMLIDY after completion of hemodialysis treatment.

VEMLIDY is not recommended in patients with ESRD who are not receiving chronic hemodialysis [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

No data are available to make dose recommendations in pediatric patients with renal impairment.

2.4 Dosage in Patients with Hepatic Impairment

No dosage adjustment of VEMLIDY is required in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). VEMLIDY is not recommended in patients with decompensated (Child-Pugh B or C) hepatic impairment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.7) and Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

3 DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Tablets: 25 mg of tenofovir alafenamide (equivalent to 28 mg of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate) — yellow, round, film-coated tablets, debossed with “GSI” on one side of the tablet and “25” on the other side.

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS

None.

5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

5.1 Severe Acute Exacerbation of Hepatitis B after Discontinuation of Treatment

Discontinuation of anti-hepatitis B therapy, including VEMLIDY, may result in severe acute exacerbations of hepatitis B. Patients who discontinue VEMLIDY should be closely monitored with both clinical and laboratory follow-up for at least several months after stopping treatment. If appropriate, resumption of anti-hepatitis B therapy may be warranted.

5.2 Risk of Development of HIV-1 Resistance in Patients Coinfected with HBV and HIV-1

Due to the risk of development of HIV-1 resistance, VEMLIDY alone is not recommended for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. The safety and efficacy of VEMLIDY have not been established in patients coinfected with HBV and HIV-1. HIV antibody testing should be offered to all HBV-infected patients before initiating therapy with VEMLIDY, and, if positive, an appropriate antiretroviral combination regimen that is recommended for patients coinfected with HIV-1 should be used.

5.3 New Onset or Worsening Renal Impairment

Postmarketing cases of renal impairment, including acute renal failure, proximal renal tubulopathy (PRT), and Fanconi syndrome have been reported with TAF-containing products; while most of these cases were characterized by potential confounders that may have contributed to the reported renal events, it is also possible these factors may have predisposed patients to tenofovir-related adverse events [see Adverse Reactions (6.2)].

Patients taking tenofovir prodrugs who have impaired renal function and those taking nephrotoxic agents, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are at increased risk of developing renal-related adverse reactions [see Drug Interactions (7.2)].

Prior to or when initiating VEMLIDY, and during treatment with VEMLIDY on a clinically appropriate schedule, assess serum creatinine, estimated creatinine clearance, urine glucose, and urine protein in all patients. In patients with chronic kidney disease, also assess serum phosphorus. Discontinue VEMLIDY in patients who develop clinically significant decreases in renal function or evidence of Fanconi syndrome [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].

5.4 Lactic Acidosis/Severe Hepatomegaly with Steatosis

Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, including fatal cases, have been reported with the use of nucleoside analogs, including tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), another prodrug of tenofovir, alone or in combination with other antiretrovirals. Treatment with VEMLIDY should be suspended in any patient who develops clinical or laboratory findings suggestive of lactic acidosis or pronounced hepatotoxicity (which may include hepatomegaly and steatosis even in the absence of marked transaminase elevations).

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following adverse reactions are discussed in other sections of the labeling:

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

Adverse Reactions in Adult Subjects with Chronic Hepatitis B and Compensated Liver Disease

The safety assessment of VEMLIDY was based on pooled data through the Week 96 data analysis from 1298 subjects in two randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trials, Trial 108 and Trial 110, in adult subjects with chronic hepatitis B and compensated liver disease. A total of 866 subjects received VEMLIDY 25 mg once daily [see Clinical Studies (14.2)]. Further safety assessment was based on pooled data from Trials 108 and 110 from subjects who continued to receive their original blinded treatment through Week 120 and additionally from subjects who received open-label VEMLIDY from Week 96 through Week 120 (n = 361 remained on VEMLIDY; n = 180 switched from TDF to VEMLIDY at Week 96).

Based on the Week 96 analysis, the most common adverse reaction (all Grades) reported in at least 10% of subjects in the VEMLIDY group was headache. The proportion of subjects who discontinued treatment with VEMLIDY or TDF due to adverse reactions of any severity was 1.5% and 0.9%, respectively. Table 1 displays the frequency of the adverse reactions (all Grades) greater than or equal to 5% in the VEMLIDY group.

Table 1 Adverse Reactions * (All Grades) Reported in ≥5% of Subjects with Chronic HBV Infection and Compensated Liver Disease in Trials 108 and 110 (Week 96 analysis )
VEMLIDY(N=866) TDF(N=432)
*
Frequencies of adverse reactions are based on all treatment-emergent adverse events, regardless of relationship to study drug.
Double-blind phase.
Grouped term including abdominal pain upper, abdominal pain, abdominal pain lower, and abdominal tenderness.
Headache 12% 10%
Abdominal pain 9% 6%
Cough 8% 8%
Back pain 6% 6%
Fatigue 6% 5%
Nausea 6% 6%
Arthralgia 5% 6%
Diarrhea 5% 5%
Dyspepsia 5% 5%

Additional adverse reactions occurring in less than 5% of subjects in Trials 108 and 110 included vomiting, rash, and flatulence.

The safety profile of VEMLIDY in subjects who continued to receive blinded treatment through Week 120 was similar to that at Week 96. The safety profile of VEMLIDY in subjects who remained on VEMLIDY in the open-label phase through Week 120 was similar to that in subjects who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY at Week 96.

Renal Laboratory Tests

In a pooled analysis of Trials 108 and 110 in adult subjects with chronic hepatitis B and a median baseline estimated creatinine clearance between 106 and 105 mL per minute (for the VEMLIDY and TDF groups, respectively), mean serum creatinine increased by less than 0.1 mg/dL and median serum phosphorus decreased by 0.1 mg/dL in both treatment groups at Week 96. Median change from baseline to Week 96 in estimated creatinine clearance was -1.2 mL per minute in the VEMLIDY group and -4.8 mL per minute in those receiving TDF.

In subjects who remained on blinded treatment beyond Week 96 in Trials 108 and 110, change from baseline in renal laboratory parameter values in each group at Week 120 were similar to those at Week 96. In the open-label phase, median change in estimated creatinine clearance by Cockcroft-Gault method from Week 96 to Week 120 was -0.6 mL per minute in subjects who remained on VEMLIDY and +1.8 mL per minute in those who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY at Week 96. Mean serum creatinine and median serum phosphorus values at Week 120 were similar to those at Week 96 in subjects who remained on VEMLIDY and in subjects who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY.

The long-term clinical significance of these renal laboratory changes on adverse reaction frequencies between VEMLIDY and TDF is not known.

Bone Mineral Density Effects

In a pooled analysis of Trials 108 and 110, the mean percentage change in bone mineral density (BMD) from baseline to Week 96 as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was -0.7% with VEMLIDY compared to -2.6% with TDF at the lumbar spine and -0.3% compared to -2.5% at the total hip. BMD declines of 5% or greater at the lumbar spine were experienced by 11% of VEMLIDY subjects and 25% of TDF subjects at Week 96. BMD declines of 7% or greater at the femoral neck were experienced by 5% of VEMLIDY subjects and 13% of TDF subjects at Week 96.

In subjects who remained on blinded treatment beyond Week 96 in Trials 108 and 110, mean percentage change in BMD in each group at Week 120 was similar to that at Week 96. In the open-label phase, mean percentage change in BMD from Week 96 to Week 120 in subjects who remained on VEMLIDY was 0.6% at the lumbar spine and 0% at the total hip, compared to 1.7% at the lumbar spine and 0.6% at the total hip in those who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY.

The long-term clinical significance of these BMD changes is not known.

Laboratory Abnormalities

The frequency of laboratory abnormalities (Grades 3–4) occurring in at least 2% of subjects receiving VEMLIDY in Trials 108 and 110 are presented in Table 2.

Table 2 Laboratory Abnormalities (Grades 3–4) Reported in ≥2% of Subjects with Chronic HBV Infection and Compensated Liver Disease in Trials 108 and 110 (Week 96 analysis *)
Laboratory Parameter Abnormality VEMLIDY(N=866) TDF(N=432)
ULN=Upper Limit of Normal
*
Double-blind phase.
Frequencies are based on treatment-emergent laboratory abnormalities.
ALT (>5 × ULN) 8% 10%
LDL-cholesterol (fasted) (>190 mg/dL) 6% 1%
Glycosuria (≥3+) 5% 2%
AST (>5 × ULN) 3% 5%
Creatine Kinase (≥10 × ULN) 3% 3%
Serum Amylase (>2.0 × ULN) 3% 3%

The overall incidence of blinded treatment ALT flares (defined as confirmed serum ALT greater than 2 × baseline and greater than 10 × ULN at 2 consecutive postbaseline visits, with or without associated symptoms) was similar between VEMLIDY (0.6%) and TDF (0.9%) through Week 96. ALT flares generally were not associated with coincident elevations in bilirubin, occurred within the first 12 weeks of treatment, and resolved without recurrence.

Based on the Week 120 analysis, the frequencies of lab abnormalities in subjects who remained on VEMLIDY in the open-label phase were similar to those in subjects who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY at Week 96.

Amylase and Lipase Elevations and Pancreatitis

At Week 96, in Trials 108 and 110, eight subjects treated with VEMLIDY with elevated amylase levels had associated symptoms, such as nausea, low back pain; abdominal tenderness, pain, and distension; and biliary pancreatitis and pancreatitis. Of these eight, two subjects discontinued VEMLIDY due to elevated amylase and/or lipase; one subject experienced recurrence of adverse events when VEMLIDY was restarted. No subject treated with TDF had associated symptoms or discontinued treatment.

From Week 96 to Week 120, one additional subject who continued open-label VEMLIDY and none of the subjects who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY had elevated amylase levels and associated symptoms.

Serum Lipids

Changes from baseline in total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol to HDL ratio among subjects treated with VEMLIDY and TDF in Trials 108 and 110 are presented in Table 3.

Table 3 Lipid Abnormalities: Mean Change from Baseline in Lipid Parameters in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection and Compensated Liver Disease in Trials 108 and 110 (Week 96 analysis)
VEMLIDY(N=866) TDF(N=432)
Baseline Week 96 Baseline Week 96
mg/dL Change * mg/dL Change *
*
The change from baseline is the mean of within-subject changes from baseline for subjects with both baseline and Week 96 values.
Total Cholesterol (fasted) 188[n=835] -1[n=742] 193[n=423] -25[n=368]
HDL-Cholesterol (fasted) 60[n=835] -5[n=740] 61[n=423] -12[n=368]
LDL-Cholesterol (fasted) 116[n=835] +7[n=741] 120[n=423] -10[n=368]
Triglycerides (fasted) 102[n=836] +13[n=743] 102[n=423] -7[n=368]
Total Cholesterol to HDL ratio 3[n=835] 0[n=740] 3[n=423] 0[n=368]

In the open-label phase, lipid parameters at Week 120 in subjects who remained on VEMLIDY were similar to those at Week 96. In subjects who switched from TDF to VEMLIDY, mean change from Week 96 to Week 120 in total cholesterol was 23 mg/dL, HDL-cholesterol was 5 mg/dL, LDL-cholesterol was 16 mg/dL, triglycerides was 30 mg/dL, and total cholesterol to HDL ratio was 0 mg/dL.

Adverse Reactions in Virologically Suppressed Adult Subjects with Chronic Hepatitis B

The safety of VEMLIDY in virologically suppressed adults is based on Week 48 data from a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial (Trial 4018) in which subjects taking TDF at baseline were randomized to switch to VEMLIDY (N=243) or to continue their TDF treatment (N=245). Adverse reactions observed with VEMLIDY in Trial 4018 were similar to those in Trials 108 and 110 [see Clinical Studies (14.3)].

Renal Laboratory Tests, Bone Mineral Density Effects, and Serum Lipids

In virologically suppressed adults in Trial 4018, changes from baseline in renal function, BMD, and lipid parameters in the VEMLIDY and TDF groups at Week 48 were similar to those observed in Trials 108 and 110 at Week 96.

Adverse Reactions in Adult Subjects with Chronic Hepatitis B and Renal Impairment

In an open-label trial (Trial 4035) in virologically suppressed adult subjects with chronic hepatitis B switching to VEMLIDY 25 mg, the safety of VEMLIDY was assessed in 78 subjects with moderate to severe renal impairment (estimated creatinine clearance between 15 and 59 mL per minute by Cockcroft-Gault method; Part A, Cohort 1) and 15 subjects with ESRD (estimated creatinine clearance below 15 mL per minute) receiving chronic hemodialysis (Part A, Cohort 2). The safety of VEMLIDY, including changes from baseline in renal function, BMD, and lipid parameters, was similar to that observed in clinical trials of VEMLIDY in subjects with compensated liver disease but without renal impairment [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6) and Clinical Studies (14.4)].

Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Subjects with Chronic Hepatitis B

The safety of VEMLIDY was evaluated in HBV-infected treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced pediatric subjects between the ages of 12 to less than 18 years (Cohort 1; N=70) through Week 24 in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial (Trial 1092) [see Clinical Studies (14.5)]. The safety profile of VEMLIDY was similar to that in adults.

Bone Mineral Density Effects

Among the Cohort 1 subjects treated with VEMLIDY and placebo, the mean percent change in BMD from baseline to Week 24 was 2.4% (N=37) and 1.9% (N=18) for lumbar spine, and 1.5% (N=39) and 1.9% (N=18) for whole body, respectively. At Week 24, mean changes from baseline BMD Z-scores were -0.03 and -0.09 for lumbar spine, and -0.05 and -0.01 for whole body, for the Cohort 1 VEMLIDY and placebo groups, respectively.

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